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TECHNOLOGY OF ERECTION OF PRECAST FRAME BUILDINGS AT NEGATIVE TEMPERATURES

Vestnik MGSU 4/2012
  • Afanas'ev Aleksandr Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences, +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 31-25, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Pages 175 - 180

In the article, the author describes the technological peculiarities of erection of frame buildings at negative temperatures. The author also demonstrates structural and technological peculiarities of prefabricated frame elements. The author also speaks about the technology of prefabricated production of stacked columns, pre-stressed girders, beams and hollow core slabs.
It is proven that the frame system is applicable for the construction of industrial, residential and office buildings that may have different numbers of storeys and that are flexible in terms of design concepts. Besides, the author describes the technological peculiarities of the assembly of structural elements, their temporary and permanent fixing.
The author also provides basic requirements applicable to the technology of grouting of column-to-girder joints and hollow slabs designated for a cased frame. The article also contains an analytical solution of the heat conductivity equation that describes the period of heating of connected elements. The solution makes it possible to use numerical methods to identify the depth of heating of girders and columns, depending on the ambient temperature and the duration of exposure to the heat.
The author has also analyzed the technology of grouting of precast structure joints at negative temperatures in the event of pre-heating of structural elements to be connected and the heating of the concrete mix with heating wires. The author has identified the range of rational heating modes for structural joints on the basis of the parameters of negative temperatures.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.4.175 - 180

References
  1. Schembakov V.G. Sborno-monolitnoe karkasnoe stroitel'stvo [Precast Monolithic Frame Construction]. Cheboksary, 2004. 96 p.
  2. Afanas'ev A.A., Minakov Yu.A. Otsenka teplovykh poley pri uskorennykh metodakh tverdeniya betona v monolitnom domostroenii [Assessment of Thermal Fields as part of Methods of Accelerated Hardening of Concrete in Monolithic House Building]. Sbornik “Teoreticheskie osnovy stroitel'stva” [Collected Works. Theoretical Foundations of Construction]. Moscow, 1999, pp. 16—22.
  3. Tikhonov A.N., Samarskiy A.A. Uravneniya matematicheskoy fiziki [Equations of Mathematical Physics]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1966, 724 p.
  4. Mironov S.A. Teoriya i metody zimnego betonirovaniya [Theory and Methods of Winter-time Concreting]. Moscow, S.K. Publ., 1975, 700 p.
  5. Afanas'ev A.A., Selischev K.S. Tekhnologii omonolichivaniya stykov pri vozvedenii karkasnykh zdaniy [Technology of Grouting of Joints in Construction of Frame Buildings]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 4, pp. 34—38.
  6. Gmyrya A.I., Korobkov S.V. Tekhnologiya betonnykh rabot v zimnikh usloviyakh [Technology of Concrete Works in Winter Conditions]. Tomsk, TGASU [Tomsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering], 2011, 411 p.

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Planning solutions of sanitary facilities in modern residential buildings

Vestnik MGSU 1/2015
  • Orlov Evgeniy Vladimirovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Scienc- es, Associate Professor, Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 83-89

In the article the short historical review on the design of sanitary rooms and their configurations is given. The main errors of the recent years, which led to the decrease in accommodation convenience because of the wrong approach from both the architect and engineers, are given. It is possible to use a small useful area for sanitary facilities, but it is connected with the lack of possibility of connecting washing and dishwashers. The author considers the options of engineering equipment placement in sanitary rooms taking into account the convenience of use, safety, and also resource-saving aspect. Various solutions on the organization of heating and ventilation are provided. The possible technical solutions allowing solving a flooding problem of the first floors in elite housing estates in case of accident are offered with the help of full waterproofing of sanitary rooms, and also the whole area of the apartment. The main attention was focused on the improvements of sanitary rooms for one-room and two-room apartments, which are the most demanded in the modern market of real estate. Layout solutions of the reduced bathrooms on the placement of the necessary equipment with choice justification are provided. The attention is paid to the layout solution for modern kitchens on order to increase their comfort by the use of special two-section sinks, and also a grinder of food waste in order to allow to lower the load of the systems of rubbish disposal of a building, by dumping the crushed garbage in an internal sewer network. Various options of evolutionary development of sanitary rooms for increasing the comfort degree are given. First of all, the development should happen in the direction of not only sanitation and hygiene, but also of the maintenance of the physical health of the people living in the building. It can be carried out by increase in a useful area of sanitary rooms, installation of exercise machines, medical bathtubs and a Jacuzzi, which allows receiving good relaxation after a difficult day. Also one more direction will be the organization in occupations of an aquacycling, so-called water trainings in a special bathtub by means of exercise machines for strengthening of health of the population.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.1.83-89

References
  1. Naumov A.L., Brodach M.M. Resursosberezhenie v sistemakh vodosnabzheniya i vodootvedeniya [Resource-Saving in Water Supply and Water Disposal Systems]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2012, no. 1, pp. 14—19. (In Russian)
  2. Svintsov A.P., Gusakov S.V., Rybakov Yu.P. Ekspluatatsionnaya nadezhnost’ sanitarno-tekhnicheskoy armatury [Operational Reliability of Sanitary Fittings]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2010, no. 6, pp. 48—53. (In Russian)
  3. Alekseev V.S. Izmeneniya i dopolneniya v Vodnyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Changes and Additions in the Water Code of the Russian Federation]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Equipment]. 2013, no 12, pp. 5—10. (In Russian)
  4. Brodach M.M. Voda — istochnik zhizni i dvizhushchaya sila dlya ustoychivogo razvitiya [Water — a Source of Life and a Driving Force for Sustainable Development]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2009, no. 5, pp. 6—9. (In Russian)
  5. Wang H., Hu C., Hu X., Yang M., Qu J. Effects of Disinfectant and Biofilm on the Corrosion of Cast Iron Pipes in a Reclaimed Water Distribution System. Water Research. 2012, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 1070—1078. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.12.001.
  6. Orlov E.V. Sistema vnutrennego vodoprovoda. Novyy tip vodorazbornykh priborov v zdaniyakh. Avtomaty pit’evoy vody [Systems of an Internal Water Supply System. New Type of Water Folding Devices in Buildings. Machine Guns of Drinking Water]. Tekhnika i tekhnologii mira [Equipment and Technologies of the World]. 2013, no. 1, pp. 37—41. (In Russian)
  7. Orlov V.A. Puti obespecheniya sanitarnoy nadezhnosti vodoprovodnykh setey [Ways of Ensuring Sanitary Reliability of Water Supply Systems]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 1, pp. 181—187. (In Russian)
  8. Varbanets M.P., Zurbrügg C., Swartz C., Pronk W. Decentralized Systems for Potable Water and the Potential of Membrane Technology. Water Research, 2009, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 245—265. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.10.030.
  9. Alekseev V.S. Sovremennoe sostoyanie normativnoy bazy v oblasti vodosnabzheniya [Current State of Regulatory Base in the Field of Water Supply]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Equipment]. 2014, no. 3, pp. 4—14. (In Russian)
  10. Lehtola M.J., Nissinen T.K., Miettinen I.T., Martikainen P.J., Vartiainen T. Removal of Soft Deposits from the Distribution System Improves the Drinking Water Quality. Water Research. 2004, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 601—610. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.054.
  11. Brodach M.M. Zelenoe vodosnabzhenie i vodootvedenie [Green Water Supply and Water Disposal]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2009, no. 4, pp. 6—9. (In Russian)
  12. Vreeburg J.H.G., Boxall J.B. Discolouration in Potable Water Distribution Systems: A Review. Water Research. 2007, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 519—529. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.09.028.
  13. Orlov V.A. Taktika renovatsii vodoprovodnykh i vodootvodyashchikh setey [Tactics of Renovation of Water Supply and Water Disposal Systems]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 2, pp. 167—171. (In Russian)
  14. Yang F., Shi B., Gu J., Wang D., Yang M. Morphological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Iron Corrosion Scales Formed under Different Water Source Histories in a Drinking Water Distribution System. Water Research. 2012, vol. 46, no. 16, pp. 5423—5433. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.031.
  15. Porshnev V.N., Novikova L.V. Meropriyatiya po energosberezheniyu i snizheniyu poter’ vody v sistemakh gorodskogo vodosnabzheniya [Actions for Energy Saving and Decrease in Water Losses of City Water Supply Systems]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Saving]. 2005, no. 10, pp. 78—84. (In Russian)

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ENERGY SAVING TECHNOLOGIES OF ENGINEERING SYSTEMS OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

Vestnik MGSU 2/2013
  • Belov Vitaliy Mikhaylovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Heat Engineering and Heat and Gas Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 183-26-92; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Miram Andrey Olegovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Heat Engineering and Heat and Gas Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 183-26-92; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 137-141

The objective of the research performed by the authors is to identify the role of energy efficient engineering systems and to assure the energy saving and comfortable indoor environment. The choice of supply-exhaust ventilation systems versus cold supply systems with heat recovery are also considered in the article.The authors argue that the most comfortable and efficient heating system is the one composed of heating panels incorporated into enclosing structures of buildings to ensure the radiant temperature on the premises. This system used as a supplementary heating system backing the hot water heating system that has heating panels integrated into enclosing structures makes it possible to limit the solar heat supply into the premises in summer to improve the indoor environment, whereas any heat perceived by the water from the solar radiation may be expediently used for hot water supply purposes. In the summertime, the proposed system may reduce the solar heat supply, if chilled water is supplied into the system by chillers.Besides, the authors remind the audience that the choice of heating, ventilation and cooling systems needs to be made at the initial design stage depending on the purpose of the building and other factors affecting the rational choice of engineering systems. In some cases, zone heating systems or hot air systems are expedient.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.2.137-141

References
  1. Ryzhkova D.S. Innovatsii v teplosnabzhenii: preimushchestva panel’no-luchistogo otopleniya [Innovations in Heat Supply: Benefits of Panel-radiant Heating]. Molodezh’ I nauka : VIII Vserossiyskaya nauchno-tekhnicheskaya konferentsiya studentov, aspirantov i molodykh uchenykh, posvyashchennaya 155-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya K.E. Tsiolkovskogo : sbornik nauchnykh trudov Sibirskogo federal'nogo universiteta [Youth and Science]. The 8th All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference of Students, Postgraduates and Young Scientists Dedicated to the 155th Anniversary of K.E. Tsiolkovskiy. Collected works of Siberian Federal University. Krasnoyarsk, 2012.
  2. Belov S.V., Ilnitskaya A.V., Koziakov A.F., Devisilov V.A., Morozova L.L., Pavlikhin G.P., Pereezdchikov I.V., Sivkov V.P., Smirnov S.G. Bezopasnost’ zhiznedeyatel’nosti [Life Safety]. Moscow, Vysshaya Shkola Publ., 2007, 615 p.
  3. Timofeeva E.I., Fedorovich G.V. Ekologicheskiy monitoring parametrov mikroklimata [Ecological Monitoring of the Microclimate Parameters]. Moscow, NTM-Zashchita Publ., 2005, 193 p.
  4. Malyavina E.G. Teplopoteri zdaniya [Heat Losses of Buildings]. Moscow, ABOKPRESS Publ., 2007, 265 p.

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SOME PROBLEMS OF ENERGY SAVING IN THE COURSE OF RENOVATION OF BUILDINGS

Vestnik MGSU 5/2012
  • Samarin Oleg Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assistant Professor, Department of the Heating and Ventilation, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federa- tion; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 163 - 166

The implementation of energy saving actions in the course of renovation of residential houses is considered by the author in the article. The need to change the mode of operation of heat supply systems and the employment of steam-gas co-generation power plants as a source of heat is demonstrated.
Therefore, the problem of power saving in the course of renovation of residential houses comprises several constituents, and its resolution involves the implementation of a number of interrelated organizational and process-related actions. This is the only way to avoid conflicts and to reduce power consumption and losses at each stage of power generation and transmission absent of any deterioration of the internal microclimate in renovated premises. The implementation of the aforementioned actions will make it possible to convert to the automatic energy consumption reduction mode through the implementation of engineering solutions and without any immediate involvement of legal entities. This methodology may arouse the interest of both producers and consumers of thermal and electric energy.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.5.163 - 166

References
  1. SNiP 23-02—2003. Teplovaya zashchita zdaniy [Construction Norms and Rules 23-02—2003. Thermal Protection of Buildings]. Moscow, GUP CPP [State Unitary Enterprise Center for Design Products], 2003.
  2. Samarin O.D. Teplofizika. Energosberezhenie. Energoeffektivnost’. [Thermal Physics. Energy Saving. Energy Efficiency]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2011, 296 p.
  3. Ionin A.A. Teplosnabzhenie [Heat Supply]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1982, 336 p.
  4. Skanavi A.N., Makhov L.M. Otoplenie [Heating]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2002, 576 p.
  5. Samarin O.D. Proizvodstvennye zdaniya: vybor resheniy [Industrial Buildings: Decision Making]. Energoeffektivnost’ i energosberezhenie [Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving]. 2011, no. 9, pp. 20—23.
  6. Official site of Mosenergo. Available at: www.mosenergo.ru. Date of access: 20.12.2011.
  7. Šliogerienė J., Kaklauskas A., Zavadskas E.K., Bivainis J., Seniut M. Environment Factors of Energy Companies and Their Effect on Value: Analysis Model and Applied Method. Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2009, no. 15 (3), pp. 490—521.

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THE USE OF PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING SYSTEMS AS PART OF THE PASSIVE HOUSE

Vestnik MGSU 4/2018 Volume 13
  • Bryzgalin Vladislav Viktorovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Master student, Department of Design of Buildings and Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Solov’ev Aleksey Kirillovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Design of Buildings and Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 472-481

Subject: systems of passive solar heating, which can, without the use of engineering equipment, capture and accumulate the solar heat used for heating buildings. Research objectives: study of the possibility to reach the passive house standard (buildings with near zero energy consumption for heating) in climatic conditions of Russia using the systems of passive solar heating in combination with other solutions for reduction of energy costs of building developed in the past. Materials and methods: search and analysis of literature, containing descriptions of various passive solar heating systems, examples of their use in different climatic conditions and the resulting effect obtained from their use; analysis of thermophysical processes occurring in these systems. Results: we revealed the potential of using the solar heating systems in the climatic conditions of parts of the territories of the Russian Federation, identified the possibility of cheaper construction by the passive house standard with the use of these systems. Conclusions: more detailed analysis of thermophysical and other processes that take place in passive solar heating systems is required for creation of their computational models, which will allow us to more accurately predict their effectiveness and seek the most cost-effective design solutions, and include them in the list of means for achieving the passive house standard.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.4.472-481

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