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RESEARCH OF BUILDING MATERIALS

Design of ultra-lightweight concrete: towards monolithic concrete structures

Vestnik MGSU 4/2014
  • Yu Qing Liang - Eindhoven University of Technology PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 Az Eindhoven, the Netherlands; +31 40-247 2371; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Spiesz Przemek - Eindhoven University of Technology PhD, University Teacher, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 Az Eindhoven, the Netherlands; +31 40-247 5904; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Brouwers Jos - Eindhoven University of Technology PhD, Professor, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 Az Eindhoven, the Netherlands; +31 40-247 2930; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 98-106

This study addresses the development of ultra-lightweight concrete. A moderate strength and an excellent thermal conductivity of the lightweight concrete are set as the design targets. The designed lightweight aggregates concrete is targeted to be used in monolithic concrete façade structure, performing as both load bearing element and thermal insulator. The developed lightweight concrete shows excellent thermal properties, with a low thermal conductivity of about 0.12 W/(m·K); and moderate mechanical properties, with 28-day compressive strengths of about 10-12 N/mm
2. This combination of values exceeds, to the researchers’ knowledge, the performance of all other lightweight building materials. Furthermore, the developed lightweight concrete possesses excellent durability properties.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.4.98-106

References
  1. Chandra Berntsson L. Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Science, Technology and Applications. Standard publishers distributors. Delhi, India, 2003.
  2. Yu Q.L. Design of Environmentally Friendly Calcium Sulfate-based Building Materials. Towards and Improved Indoor Air Quality. PhD thesis. Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands 2012.
  3. Brouwers H.J.H., Radix H.J. Self-compacting Concrete: Theoretical and Experimental Study. Cement Concrete Research. 2005, no. 35, pp. 2116—2136.
  4. Hunger M. An Integral Design Concept for Ecological Self-Compacting Concrete. PhD thesis. Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands, 2010.
  5. H?sken G., Brouwers H.J.H. A New Mix Design Concept for Earth-moist Concrete: A Theoretical and Experimental Study. Cement and Concrete Research, 2008, no. 38, pp. 1246—1259.
  6. H?sken G. A Multifunctional Design Approach for Sustainable Concrete with Application to Concrete Mass Products. PhD thesis. Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands, 2010.
  7. Zareef M.A.M.E. Conceptual and Structural Design of Buildings made of Lightweight and Infra-Lightweight Concrete, 2010.
  8. ACI Committee 213. Guide for Structural Lightweight-Aggregate Concrete. 2003.
  9. Loudon A.G. The Thermal Properties of Lightweight Concretes. International Journal of Cement Composites and Lightweight Concrete. 1979, no. 1, pp. 71—85.
  10. Neville A.M. Properties of Concrete. 4th ed. 1995.
  11. Alduaij J., Alshaleh K., Naseer Haque M., Ellaithy K. Lightweight Concrete in Hot Coastal Areas. Cement and Concrete Composites. 1999, no. 21, pp. 453—458.
  12. Top?u I.B., Uygunoglu T. Effect of Aggregate Type on Properties of Hardened Selfconsolidating Lightweight Concrete (SCLC). Construction and Building Materials, 2010, no. 24, pp. 1286—1295.
  13. Schauerte M., Trettin R. Neue Schaumbetone mit gesteigerten mechanischen ind physikalischen Eigenschaften. Bauhaus-Universitat Weimar. Weimar, Germany, 2012, pp. 2-0066—2-0072.
  14. Kan A., Demirboga R. A Novel Material for Lightweight Concrete Production, Cement and Concrete Composites. 2009, no. 31, pp. 489—495.
  15. Kralj D. Experimental Study of Recycling Lightweight Concrete with Aggregates Containing Expanded Glass. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 2009, no. 87, pp. 267—273.
  16. Liu X., Chia K.S., Zhang M.H. Development of Lightweight Concrete with High Resistance to Water and Chlorideion Penetration. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2010, no. 32, pp. 757—766.
  17. Yu Q.L., Spiesz P., Brouwers H.J.H. Design of Ultra-lightweight Concrete: Towards Monolithic Concrete Structures. 1st International Conference on the Chemistry of Construction Materials, Berlin, 7-9 October 2013, Monograph. 2013, vol. 46, pp. 31—34. Available at: http://josbrouwers.bwk.tue.nl/publications/Conference108.pdf.

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Increasing energy efficiency of wall materials with the help of cenospheres

Vestnik MGSU 7/2014
  • Zhukov Aleksey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Composite Materials Technology and Applied Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Bessonov Igor' Vyacheslavovich - Scientific and Research Institute of Construction Phisics of Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (NIISF RAASN) Candidate of Technical Sciences, leading research worker, Scientific and Research Institute of Construction Phisics of Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (NIISF RAASN), 21 Lokomotivnyy proezd, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sapelin Andrey Nikolayevich - Scientific and Research Institute of Construction Phisics of Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (NIISF RAASN) postgraduate student, Scientific and Research Institute of Construction Phisics of Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (NIISF RAASN), 21 Lokomotivnyy proezd, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Naumova Natal'ya Vladimirovna - Xella-Aeroblock-Centre head, Technical Support Department, Xella-Aeroblock-Centre, 93/2 Rabochaya str., Moscow, 109544, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 93-100

Hollow filling by brick mortar may take place in engineering structures with hollow tiles, which leads to thermal properties worsening of a construction. One of solutions to the problem of increasing energy efficiency of enveloping structures is the development of heat insulation material based on cenospheres with increased strength and decreased thermal conductivity in case of operational watering. Homogeneous construction systems based on cellular concrete and porous ceramics meet the structural requirements and also provide required thermal performance. In order to improve operational characteristics of enclosing structures it is possible to apply ceramic materials with effective high porous filler. Manufacturing technology of materials based on high porous filler and clay does not require significant capital expenditures to upgrade existing facilities and it’s similar to technology of ceramic wall materials.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.7.93-100

References
  1. Gagarin V.G. Makroekonomicheskie aspekty obosnovaniya energosberegayushchikh meropriyatiy pri povyshenii teplozashchity ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy zdaniy [Macro-economic Aspects of Energy Saving Measures’ Substantiation by Increasing Thermal Protection of Enclosing Structures of Buildings]. Stroitel'nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 8—16.
  2. Shmelev S.E. Puti vybora optimal'nogo nabora energosberegayushchikh meropriyatiy [Ways of Selecting the Optimal Set of Energy-saving Measures]. Stroitel'nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013, no. 3, pp. 7—9.
  3. Ashmarin G.D., Salakhov A.M., Boltakova N.V., Morozov V.P., Gerashchenko V.N., Salakhova R.A. Vliyanie porovogo prostranstva na prochnostnye kharakteristiki keramiki [The Influence of Pore Space on the Strength Behaviour of Ceramics]. Steklo i keramika [Glass and Ceramics]. 2012, no. 8, pp. 24—30.
  4. De Lange R.S.A., Hekkink J.H.H., Keizer K., Burggraaf A.J. Microporous sol-gel Modified Membranes for Hydrogen Separation. In Proceedings of ICIM-2, 1—4 July, 1991. Montpellier, France. Key Engineering Materials. Trans. Tech. Publishers, Zurich, Switzerland, 1992, vol. 61—62, pp. 77—82.
  5. Baker R.B. Membrane Technology and Applications. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2004, 538 p.
  6. Rumyantsev B.M., Zhukov A.D. Printsipy sozdaniya novykh stroitel'nykh materialov [Principles of Creation of New Construction Materials]. Internet-Vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya: Politematicheskaya [VolgGASU Internet Bulletin. Series: Polytopical]. 2012, no. 3 (23). Available at: http://vestnik.vgasu.ru/attachments/RumyantsevZhukov-2012_3(23).pdf.
  7. Rumyantsev B.M., Zhukov A.D., Smirnova T.V. Teploprovodnost' vysokoporistykh materialov [Heat Conductivity of Highly Porous Materials]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 3, pp. 108—114.
  8. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. Teoreticheskie predposylki rascheta privedennogo soprotivleniya teploperedache ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy [Theoretical Premises of the Calculation of Reduced Resistance to Heat Transfer of Enclosing Structures]. Stroitel'nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010, no. 12, pp. 4—12.
  9. Grigorieva T.F., Vorsina I.A., Barinova A.P., Boldyrev V.V. Mechanochemical Interaction of the Kaolinite with the Solid State Acids. XIII International Symposium on the Reactivity of Solids. Hamburg, Germany, Abstr. and Program, 1996, p. 132.
  10. Moore F. Rheology of Ceramic Systems. Institute of Ceramics Textbook Series, Applied Science Publishers, 1965, 170 p.
  11. Vos B., Boekwijt W. Ausf?llung des Hohlraumes in bestehengen Hohlmauern. Gesundheits-Ingenier, 1974, no. 4, pp. 36—40.
  12. Oreshkin D.V. Vysokokachestvennye tsementnye tamponazhnye materialy s polymi steklyannymi mikrosferami [High Quality Oil-well Cement Materials with Hollow Glass Microspheres]. Stroitel'stvo neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhin na sushe i na more [Construction of Oil and Gas Wells on Land and Sea]. 2003, no. 7, pp. 20—31.
  13. Sapelin A.N. Sorbtsionnye svoystva stenovykh materialov s primeneniem mikrosfer [Sorptive Properties of the Wall Materials Using Microspheres]. Academia. Arkhitektura I stroitel'stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. 2013, no. 3, pp. 101—104.
  14. Sapelin A.N., Bessonov I.V. Koeffitsienty struktury kak kriteriy otsenki teplotekhnicheskogo kachestva stroitel'nykh materialov [Pattern Coefficients as a Criterion for Assessing Thermal Performance of Construction Materials]. Stroitel'nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 26—28.
  15. Pedersen T. Experience with Selee Open Pore Foam Structure as a Filter in Aluminium Continuous Rod Casting and Rolling. Wire Journal. 1979, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 74—77.
  16. Worral W.E. Clays and Ceramic Raw Materials. Great Britan, University of Leeds, 1978, 277 p.
  17. Zhukov A.D., Smirnova T.V., Zelenshchikov D.B., Khimich A.O. Thermal Treatment of the Mineral Wool Mat. Advanced Materials Research (Switzerland). 2014, vol. 838—841, pp. 196—200.
  18. Hall Ch.A.S. Energy Return on Investment: Introduction to Special Issue on New Studies in EROI. 2011, no. 3 (10), pp. 1773—1777. Available at: www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/3/10/1773. Date of access: 15.01.2014.

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APPLICATION OF THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY CRITERION IN THE DESIGN OF FOAM-CERAMIC CONCRETES BASED ON THE OPAL-CRYSTOBALITE ROCK

Vestnik MGSU 3/2012
  • Korolev Evgeniy Valerevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) 8 (499) 188 04 00, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoeshosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Beregovoy Vitaliy Aleksandrovich - Penza State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (PSUAC) 8 (8412) 9-29-501, Penza State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (PSUAC), 28 G. Titova St., Penza, 440028, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kostin Dmitriy Sergeevich - Penza State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (PSUAC) 8 (8412) 9-29-501, Penza State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (PSUAC), 28 G. Titova St., Penza, 440028, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Beregovoy Aleksandr Markovich - Penza State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (PSUAC) 8 (8412) 9-29-501, Penza State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (PSUAC), 28 G. Titova St., Penza, 440028, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 90 - 95

Design method of the foam-ceramic concrete with the pre-set value of thermal conductivity is proposed. Computed dependencies between the thermal conductivity, strength and generalized structural criterion - porosity - are presented. As a result of the research, it was identified that local input materials are ecological and easy to extract, and that they may be used as the mineral basis for the manufacturing of effective foam-glass ceramic materials that demonstrate their porous structure, similar to the one of the foam-ceramic concrete. The employment of the proposed approach to the design of the composition of foam-glass ceramic materials may substantially improve the most important properties of this material, namely, it may reduce the sorption capacity and improve the strength, if compared with the benchmark composition.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.3.90 - 95

References
  1. Beregovoy V.A., Korolev E.V., Bazhenov Yu.M. Effektivnye teploizolyatsionnye penokeramobetony [Effective Foam-Ceramic Concretes for Thermal Insulation]. Moscow, MSUCE, 2011, 264 p.
  2. Pavlushkin N.M. Steklo [Glass], Reference Book, Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1973, 487 p.
  3. GOST 9758—86. Zapolniteli poristye neorganicheskie dlya stroitel’nykh rabot. Metody ispytaniy [Porous Aggregates for Construction Purposes. Testing Methods: State Standard 9758-86]. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2006, 39 p.

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THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF HIGHLY POROUS MATERIALS

Vestnik MGSU 3/2012
  • Rumyantsev Boris Mikhaylovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Technology of Finishing and Insulating Materials (495) 287-49-14, ext. 30-63, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoeshosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Zhukov Aleksey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) C andidate o f Technical S ciences, A ssociated P rofessor, D epartment of Technology of Finishing and Insulating Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoeshosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Smirnova Tatyana Viktorovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Rockwool postgraduate student, Department of Technology of Finishing and Insulating Materials ; Director, Department of Design and Technical Support, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Rockwool, 26 Yaroslavskoeshosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 108 - 114

Heat flux formation patterns and the impact of structural characteristics and the media onto the thermal conductivity of highly porous materials of cellular structure and fiber texture are considered in the article. Peculiarities of heat transmission through the mineral matrix, the porous structure of cells filled by the gas mixture, and heat transmission channels in the media formed by meshed fibers are considered in the article.
It is proven that the characteristics of the heat flux travelling through the mineral matrix are determined by its properties (heat conductivity, air and vapour permeability) that depend on the nature of the matrix substance (various dielectrics) and macro characteristics of the system (external and internal temperatures, humidity, and pressure). Conductive heat transmission predominates, and heat conductivity of the mineral matrix is considered as a function of temperature and humidity. Heat transmission through the porous structure depends of the type and the filtration properties of the mineral matrix, as well as the gas properties, including heat conductivity, temperature, density and pressure.
Heat fluxes inside aerated concrete are determined by the heat transfer driven by the filtration of the mixture of vapour and air and its convection inside cells. Products made of mineral cotton demonstrate accessible porosity; therefore, heat fluxes are determined by the properties of gas, or the air-vapour mixture under constant pressure. A convective heat flux is primarily dependent on the air permeability of the media and the characteristics (pressures and concentrations) of internal and external surfaces of the material under research.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.3.108 - 114

References
  1. Rumyantsev B.M. Tekhnologiya dekorativno-akusticheskikh materialov [Technology of Decorative and Acoustic Materials]. Moscow, MSUCE, 2010, 284 p.
  2. Zhukov A.D., Chugunkov A.V., Rudnitskaya V.A. Reshenie tekhnologicheskikh zadach metodami matematicheskogo modelirovaniya [Resolution of Technology-Related Problems by Mathematical Modeling Methods]. Moscow, MSUCE, 2011, 176 p.

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RESEARCH INTO RATIONAL COMPOSITIONS OF A COMPOSITE MATERIAL THAT COMPRISES WOOD CHIPS, SILICATE AND CEMENT BINDERS USED IN THE MANUFACTURING OF WALL PANELS OF PRE-FABRICATED LOW-RISE BUILDINGS

Vestnik MGSU 11/2012
  • Baranov Evgeniy Vladimirovich - Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Voronezhskiy GASU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Voronezhskiy GASU), 84 20-letiya oktyabrya st., Voronezh, 394006, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Neznamova Oksana Mikhaylovna - Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Voronezhskiy GASU) student, Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Voronezhskiy GASU), 84 20-letiya oktyabrya st., Voronezh, 394006, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Chernyshov Evgeniy Mikhaylovich - Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VGASU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Architectural and Construction Sciences (RAACS), Chairman of the Presidium of Central Regional Section of RAACS; Professor, Department of Technology of Construction Materials, Products and Structures; Director; +7 (473) 239-53-53, Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VGASU), 84 20-letiya Oktyabrya st., Voronezh, 394006; Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Pustovgar Andrey Petrovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) candidate of technical sciences, assistant professor, Vice Rector for Research, scientific director of the Research Institute of Building Materials and Technologies (SRI SMiT), Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Pages 131 - 139

The subject of the research consists in development of engineering solutions to be used in the
production of prefabricated wall panels made of a composite material that consists wood chips. The
authors have also developed a theoretical grounding, compositions and technological concepts of a
composite material comprising wood chips and various types of binders.
The authors also provide their findings associated with the laboratory-based manufacturing
and completion of partially prefabricated w all panels followed by the assembly of a pilot residential
house comprising one flat. This concept contemplates the manufacturing of wall panels to be made
of a composite material comprising wood chips. The structure has a permanent wood shuttering
designated for prefabricated low-rise buildings that have a supplementary effective insulation system
and external finishing. Structural solutions implemented in wall panels are based on the engineering
solution of a prefabricated low-rise building and of their outwalls that have several layers.
Outwalls have one layer of a composite material comprising wood chips, one layer of an effective
insulation material, internal and external finishing.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.11.131 - 139

References
  1. Nanazashvili I.Kh. Stroitel’nye materialy iz drevesno-tsementnoy kompozitsii [Building Materials Made of a Composition of Wood and Cement]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1990, 415 p.
  2. Chernyshov E.M. Aktualizatsiya problem gradostroitel’stva v kontekste ekologicheskikh vyzovov promyshlennogo razvitiya i modernizatsii [Reconsideration of Urban Development Problems within the Framework of Institutions of Higher Education Specializing in Environmental Protection, Industrial Development and Modernization]. Gradostroitel’stvo [Urban Development]. 2010, no. 1, pp. 44—49.
  3. Korotaev E.I., Simonov V.I. Proizvodstvo stroitel’nykh materialov iz drevesnykh otkhodov [Production of Construction Materials from Wood Waste Products]. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennost’ publ., 1972, 144 p.
  4. Khaslan S.M., Razumovskiy V.G., Belinskiy Yu.S. Arbolit — effektivnyy stroitel’nyy material [Arbolite Is an Effective Construction Material]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1983, 83 p.
  5. Gorlov Yu.P. Tekhnologiya teploizolyatsionnykh i akusticheskikh materialov i izdeliy [Technology of Thermal Insulation and Acoustic Materials and Products]. Moscow, Vyssh. shk. publ., 1989, 384 p.
  6. Chernyshov E.M., Sergutkina O.R., Potamoshneva N.D., Kukina O.B. Organizatsiya kompleksnykh diagnosticheskikh issledovaniy tekhnogennykh produktov v zadachakh utilizatsii ikh v tekhnologii stroitel’nykh materialov [Organization of an Integrated Diagnostic Research of Technology-intensive Products within the Framework of Their Employment in the Technology of Construction Materials]. Vysokie tekhnologii v ekologii [High Technologies in Environmental Protection]. Works of the 4th International Scientific and Practical Conference. Voronezh, 2001, pp. 142—149.
  7. Odin A.I., Tsepaev V.A. Prochnostnye svoystva arbolita s uchetom anizotropii stroeniya [Strength Properties of Arbolite with Account for the Anisotropy of Its Structure]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Construction of Residential Housing]. 2006, no. 12, pp. 18—20.
  8. Nanazashvili I.Kh. Strukturoobrazovanie drevesno-tsementnykh kompozitov na osnove VNV [Structurization of Wood and Cement Composite Materials Containing VNV]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 1991, no. 12, pp. 15—17.
  9. Khrulev V.M., Martynov K.Ya., Magdalin A.A. Stroitel’nye materialy, izdeliya i konstruktsii iz polimerov i drevesiny [Construction Materials, Products and Structures Made of Polymers and Wood]. Novosibirsk, NGASU Publ., 1996, 68 p.
  10. Grigor’ev P.N., Matveev M.A. Rastvorimoe steklo [Soluble Glass]. Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe izd-vo literatury po stroitel’nym materialam publ., 1956, 412 p.

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Hydraulic resistance of carper of cylindrical shape mineral wool

Vestnik MGSU 4/2015
  • Zhukov Aleksey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Composite Materials Technology and Applied Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Ivanov Kazbek Kazbekovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Aristov Denis Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Skiba Aleksey Andreevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sazonova Yuliya Vladimirovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 96-103

The properties of the mineral wool mat are determined by the mode of heat treatment and properties of the products. The main parameter to assess the properties of highly porous fibrous material is its resistance to the air flow, which can be estimated by the value of the hydraulic resistance. This parameter includes both the characteristics of the mineral fiber (diameter, length, density) characteristics of the system as a whole (total porosity, average density, the content of fibrous inclusions) and gas environment parameters (temperature and speed of its motion through the porous layer). Characteristics of the gaseous medium are technological factors, which influence the material during the heat treatment, and hence optimization of the process parameters. The flow of gas through the perforated wall of the hole determined by characteristics, pressurized inside a rolling pin, and the structural characteristics of the mineral geometrical cylinder and his hydraulic resistance. So, a universal criterion, which measures the mass transfer efficiency and hence the effectiveness of the heat treatment, is a hydraulic resistance cylinder. The study of the processes occurring in the mineral wool carpet, showed that its hydraulic resistance is directly proportional to the surface of fibers per unit bed volume and inversely proportional to the third degree of porosity of the layer. Researches have shown that increasing the degree of perforation increases the uneven distribution. However, if total power increases 1.87 times, because the perforation through the inlet portion perforation of rolling pin was disclosure, substantially uniform distribution was achieved. The investigations led to the following conclusions: the specific surface layer has a linear dependence on its average density; hydraulic resistance of the layer will be greater, when the amount of beads and fibers diameter is smaller. The obtained exact dependence allows calculating the hydraulic resistance to the flow of gas in the cylinder mineral wool. This allows taking into account the parameters of a rolling pin and the intensity of its expiration coolant, optimize its heat treatment parameters, as well as to assess patterns to filter of vapor during operation in the heating cylinder.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.4.96-103

References
  1. Livchak V.I. Realistichnyy podkhod k energosberezheniyu v sushchestvuyushchem zhilom fonde goroda [Realistic Approach to Energy Efficiency in the Existing Housing Stock of the City]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Efficiency]. 2002, no. 5, pp. 14—18. (In Russian)
  2. Telichenko V.I. Ot ekologicheskogo i «zelenogo» stroitel'stva — k ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti stroitel'stva [From Ecological and «Green» Building to Ecological Safety of Construction]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 47—51. (In Russian)
  3. Gagarin V.G. Teplozashchita i energeticheskaya effektivnost’ v proekte aktualizirovannoy redaktsii SNiP «Teplovaya zashchita zdaniy» [Thermal Protection and Energy Efficiency in Updated Version of SNIP “Thermal Protection of Buildings”]. Energoeffektivnost’. XXI vek : IV Mezhdunarodnyy kongress [Energy Efficiency. 21st Century : the 4th International Congress]. Saint Petersburg. 2011, pp. 187—191. (In Russian)
  4. Shmelev S.E. Puti vybora optimal’nogo nabora energosberegayushchikh meropriyatiy [Ways of Choosing Optimal Energy Saving Measures]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013, no. 3, pp. 7—9. (In Russian)
  5. Sheina S.G., Minenko A.N. Razrabotka optimizatsionnoy modeli upravleniya ustoychivym energosberezheniem zdaniy [Development of an Optimized Control Model of Sustainable Energy Saving of Buildings]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014, no. 8, pp. 3—5. (In Russian)
  6. Ponomarev V.B. Sovershenstvovanie tekhnologii proizvodstva i povysheniya kachestva teploizolyatsionnykh i kompozitsionnykh materialov na osnove steklyannogo i mineral’nogo volokna [Improvement of Production Technology and the Quality of Thermal Insulation and Composite Materials Based on Glass and Mineral Fibers]. Effektivnye teplo- i zvukoizolyatsionnye materialy v sovremennom stroitel’stve i ZhKKh : sbornik dokladov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (8—10 noyabrya 2006 g.) [Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Effective Heat and Sound Insulating Materials in Modern Construction and Housing” (November 8—10, 2006)]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2006, pp. 109—118. (In Russian)
  7. Olesen B.W. Indoor Environmental Input Parameters for Design and Assessment of Energy Performance of Buildings Addressing Indoor Air Quality, Thermal Environment, Lighting and Acoustics. Information paper on EN 15251. Energy Performance of Buildings GENSE. 15.02.2010, pp. 1—7.
  8. Bobrov Ju.L. Uj, közetgyapotbol készü lthöszigetelö anyagok a modern épitkezésben Budapesti Müszaki Egyetem (forditásoroszról, áttekintö információ. harmadik, kiadás, a Szovjetunióállami Épitési Bizottsága Tájékoztató Intézete, M., 1981). Budapest, 1984, pp. 45—49.
  9. Zhukov A.D., Bobrova Ye.Yu., Zelenshchikov D.B., Mustafaev R.M., Khimich A.O. Insulation Systems and Green Sustainable Construction. Advanced Materials, Structures and Mechanical Engineering. 2014, vol. 1025—1026, pp. 1031—1034.
  10. Holden T., Schmidt R.A. Commerce at Light Speed — an International Comparative Evaluation of CALS Strategy and Implementation in the USA and Japan. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 2001, vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 32—40. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635570110366014.
  11. Zhukov A.D., Smirnova T.V., Zelenshchikov D.B., Khimich A.O. Thermal Treatment of the Mineral Wool Mat. Advanced Materials Research. 2014, vol. 838—841, pp. 196—200. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.838-841.196.
  12. Bessonov I.V., Starostin A.V., Os’kina V.M. O formostabil’nosti steklovoloknistogo uteplitelya [On Dimensionally Stability of Fibrous Insulation]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 3, vol. 2, pp. 134—139. (In Russian)
  13. Arquis E., Cicasu S. Convection Phenomenon in Mineral Wool Installed on Vertical Walls. Effektivnye teplo- i zvukoizolyatsionnye materialy v sovremennom stroitel’stve i ZhKKh : sb. dokl. Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. (8—10 noyabrya 2010 g.) [Efficient Heat and Sound Insulating Materials in Modern Construction and Housing and Public Utilities]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2006, pp. 18—21.
  14. Oparina L.A. Uchet energoemkosti stroitel’nykh materialov na raznykh stadiyakh zhiznennogo tsikla zdaniy [Account for Power Consumption of Building Materials at Different Stages of Life Cycle of Buildings]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014, no. 11, pp. 44—46. (In Russian)
  15. Shoykhet B.M., Stavritskaya L.V., Kovylyanskiy Ya.A. Teplovaya izolyatsiya truboprovodov teplovykh setey. Sovremennye materialy i tekhnicheskie resheniya [Thermal Insulation of Heat Pipelines. Modern Materials and Technical Solutions]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Efficiency]. 2002, no. 5, pp. 43—45. (In Russian)
  16. Lavrova N.M., Platov N.A. Problemy ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti predpriyatiy stroitel’noy industrii [Problems of Ecological Safety of the Enterprises of the Construction Industry]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 5, pp. 204—207. (In Russian)
  17. Eydukyavichyus K.K. Uvelichenie prochnosti mineralovatnykh izdeliy putem zadannoy orientatsii ikh volokon [Increasing the Strength of Mineral Wool Products by a Given Orientation of Their Fibers]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 1984, no. 6, pp. 6—8. (In Russian)
  18. Ovcharenko E.G. Tendentsii v razvitii proizvodstva utepliteley v Rossii [Trends in the Production of Insulation Materials in Russia]. Moscow, Teploproekt Publ., 2006, 74 p. (In Russian)
  19. Hall C.A. Introduction to Special Issue on New Studies in EROI. Energy Return on Investment. Sustainability 2011, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 1773—1777. Available at: www.mdpi. com/2071—1050/3/10/1773/. Date of access: 28.09.2014.
  20. Zhukov A.D., Bessonov I.V., Sapelin A.N., Naumova N.V., Chkunin A.S. Composite wall materiali. Italian Science Review. February 2014, vol. 2, no. 11, pp. 155—157.

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FACADE SYSTEM MADE OF POROUS MATERIALS

Vestnik MGSU 5/2012
  • Zhukov Aleksey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Technology of Finishing and Insulation Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Chugunkov Aleksandr Viktorovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Director, Department of Examination of Buildings, postgraduate student, Department of Technology of Finishing and Insulation Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 128 - 132

The proposed multi-component façade system is made of porous concretes employed both as bearing structures and for heat insulation and fireproofing purposes. The authors also provide their recommendations in respect of the mounting of the proposed façade system.
The façade system considered in the article is composed of wall foam concrete blocks reinforced by basalt fibers (bearing elements of the structure), cellular concrete polystyrene (thermal insulation), and porous concrete (fireproofing and thermal insulation). Retained shuttering (in the fireproofing sections) represents chrysolite cement sheets attached to the structures composed of glass-fiber plastic elements.
The application of insulating porous concrete as a fireproofing material is based on the principle of adjustable stress-strained states of materials in the environment of variable pressure. This technology was developed at Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, and it was initially designated for the manufacturing of tailor-made products. The above concrete is also designated for retained shuttering and modified cavity masonry walls. Porous concrete that expands inside the fireproofing cavity ensures a tight contact both with the basic material and thermal insulation plates. The use of materials of the same origin (Portland cement) means the formation of strong transition zones connecting the system components in the course of its hardening and further operation.
The results of the thermotechnical calculation demonstrate that the thermal resistance registered on the surface of the wall that is 3 meters high (that has a 0.4 m fireproofing cavity) is equal to 3.98 sq. m. C/Wt. The value of the coefficient of thermotechnical heterogeneity (r) is equal to 0.86 with account for the thickness and thermal conductivity of point and linear elements. If the thermotechnical heterogeneity is taken into consideration, the thermal resistance of the proposed wall is equal to 3.42 m2 С/Wt.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.5.128 - 132

References
  1. Bobrov Yu.L., Ovcharenko E.G., Shoykhet B.M., Petukhova E.Yu. Teploizolyatsionnye materialy i konstruktsii [Thermal Insulation Materials and Structures]. Moscow, Infra-M Publ., 2010, 268 p.
  2. Zhukov A.D., Chugunkov A.V., Rudnitzkaya V.A. Reshenie tehnologicheskikh zadach metodami matematicheskogo modelirovaniya [Resolution of Process-related Problems by Mathematical Modeling Methods]. Moscow, MSUCE, 2011, 176 p.

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PRODUCTION ECOLOGICALLY OF SAFE BUILD MATERIALS ON BASIS OF PEAT AND GYPSUM

Vestnik MGSU 1/2012
  • Guyumdzhjan Perch Pogosovich - Ivanovo Institute of State Fire Fighting Service of Emergency Control Ministry of Russia Doctor of Technical Sciences, Ivanovo Institute of State Fire Fighting Service of Emergency Control Ministry of Russia, .
  • Vetrenko Tatjana Grigorjevna - Ivanovo State Architecturally-building University Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Department of Hydraulics, Water supply and Sanitation +7-(4932)-32-85-40; fax: +7-(4932)-30-00-74, Ivanovo State Architecturally-building University, 20, 8-th March, Ivanovo, 153037, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Vitalova Nina Mihajlovna - Ivanovo State Architecturally-building University Senior teacher of Department of Building Constructions +7-(4932)-38-01-48, Ivanovo State Architecturally-building University, 20, 8-th March, Ivanovo, 153037, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 94 - 99

The study on the creation of composite materials based on peat use-cation gypsum binder with improved thermal characteristics which en-rectifying to apply it during the construction of various buildings.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.1.94 - 99

References
  1. Belkin N.M., Vinogradov G.V., Leonov A.I. Izmerenie vyazkosti i fiziko-mehanicheskih harakteristik materialov. Moscow, Nauka, 1968.
  2. Suvorov V.M. Teploizolyatsionnye materialy na osnove torfa. Tezisy sb. Fiziko-himiya torfa i sapropeley. Materialy XII Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-tehnicheskoy konferentsii. Tver', 1984.
  3. Hudoverdyan V.M. Metody proektirovaniya sostava torfobetona. Erevan., Izd-vo Arm. SSR, 1950.
  4. Spravochnik po stroitel'nym materialam dlya zavodskih i prostroechnyh laboratoriy Moscow, Gosstrojizdat, 1961.
  5. Romanenkov I.G., Zigel'-Korn V.N. Ognestoykost' stroitel'nyh konstruktsiy i effektivnyh materialov. Moscow, Strojizdat, 1984.
  6. Afanas'ev A.E., Churaev N.V. Optimizacija processov sushki i strukturoobrazovanija v tehnologii torfjanogo proizvodstva. Moscow, Nedra, 1992.

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Thermal regime of enclosing structures in high-rise buildings

Vestnik MGSU 8/2018 Volume 13
  • Musorina Tatyana A. - Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) postgraduate student, Hydraulics and Strength Department, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 29 Politechnicheskaya s., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation.
  • Gamayunova Ol’ga S. - Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) Senior lecturer, Department of Construction of Unique Buildings and Structures, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 29 Politechnicheskaya s., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation.
  • Petrichenko Mikhail R. - Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Hydraulics and Strength Department, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 29 Politechnicheskaya s., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation.

Pages 935-943

Subject of research: the main heat loss occurs through the building fence. In the paper, the object of research is enclosing structures with different thermal conductivity. The problem of moisture accumulation in the wall is quite relevant. One of the main problems in construction is saving on building materials and improper design of building envelope. This in turn leads to a violation of the heat and humidity regime in the wall. This paper presents one of the methods to address this issue. Purpose: description of heat and humidity conditions in the wall fence of high-rise buildings. It is also necessary to analyze the relationship between the thermophysical characteristics. Materials and methods: the temperature distribution in the layers will be analyzed on the basis of the structure consisting of 10 layers; the layer thickness is 0.05 m. Materials with different thermal conductivity were used. Each subsequent layer differed in thermal conductivity from the previous one by 0.01. Next, these layers are mixed. The calculation of the humidity regime includes finding the temperature distribution along the thickness of the fence at a given temperature of the outside air. The quality factor of the temperature distribution is the maximum average temperature. This research are conducted in the field of energy efficiency. Results: the higher the average wall temperature, the lower the air temperature differs from the wall temperature. In addition, the higher the average temperature of the wall, the drier the surface inside the wall. However, moisture accumulates on the surface inside the room. The working capacity of multilayer enclosing structures is determined by the temperature distribution and distribution of moisture in the layers. Conclusions: moisture movement through the fence is due to the difference in the partial pressure of water vapor contained in the indoor and outdoor air. A layer with minimal thermal conductivity should be located on the outer surface of the wall in a multi-storey building. The maximum change in the amplitude of temperature fluctuations is observed in the layer adjacent to the surface by periodic thermal effects. It is also taken into account that the process of heat absorption has a great influence on the temperature change in the thickness of the wall fence to the greatest extent within the layer of sharp fluctuations (outer layer). The Central part of the wall (bearing layer) will be the driest. These calculations are satisfied with the design of the ventilated facade.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.8.935-943

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Investigation of rational types of light concrete for external walls in conditions of hot climate

Vestnik MGSU 10/2018 Volume 13
  • Hoshim R. Ruziev - Bukhara Engineering Technology Institute , Bukhara Engineering Technology Institute, 15 K. Murtazaev st., Bukhara, 200100, Uzbekistan.

Pages 1211-1219

Introduction. The paper presents theoretical and experimental studies of the improvement of the structure of lightweight concrete, which provides the maximum value of the attenuation of the amplitude of external air temperature fluctuations during the passage of heat flow through the walls and the reduction of thermal conductivity, the results of the 3-factor experiment on determining the rational structure of claydite concrete and the methods for their processing. To determine the purposeful structure of the composition of lightweight concrete and its thermal conductivity, a complex of research works was carried out at the Central Research Institute for Housing, applied to lightweight concrete for exterior walls. The main optimization criterion was the maximum reduction in thermal conductivity while providing the necessary strength, durability and waterproofness. The purpose of this work is theoretical research and experimental substantiation of methods for improving the structure of lightweight concrete used for a hot climate with improved functional performance. Materials and methods. As material a claydite gravel with bulk density p = 400 kg/m3 of Lianozovsky plant (Moscow) was used, at a ratio of 40 % of the fraction 5-10 mm and 60 % of the fraction 10-20 mm and a Portland cement of the brand “400” of the Voskresensky plant, not plasticized. The water flow rate was varied for 10 seconds, to ensure the mixture to be vibropacked.As a foam generating agent and plasticizer, the “Saponified wood resin” (SDO) was used in a 5 % aqueous solution. The methods were adopted in accordance with the Recommendation on the technology of factory production and quality control of lightweight concrete and large-panel constructions of residential buildings. M. CNIIEP dwelling, 1980. In the department of the lightweight concrete application at CNIIEP of dwelling, a method for the purposeful formation of the structure and composition of lightweight concrete, which provides a set of physic-technical, technological and technical-economic requirements, was developed. Results. Calculations are reduced to obtaining mathematical models of dependence of strength R, density ρ, thermai conductivity λ and other indicators of concrete characteristics from initial factors in the form of regression equations. Based on the equations obtained, it was possible to determine the expedient composition of lightweight concrete, which, in combination with the operational characteristics, provides comparable results of the technical and economic characteristics of a single-layer structure from the projected type of lightweight concrete. Conclusions. 1. An improved composition of the structural and heat insulating lightweight concrete for the load-bearing part of the structure, providing its high thermal stability by chemical additives and low consumption of porous sand, was developed. An algorithm for selecting its composition on computer is made. 2. The conducted researches in the field of design of external enclosing structures for hot climate conditions have shown that: single-layer exterior wall constructions with massiveness of D ≤ 4 provide minimum allowable values of heat flux attenuation and temperature fluctuation amplitude on the inner wall surface.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.10.1211-1219

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