Error
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering
  • Error loading Modules:Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/#sql_bd4_0.MYI' (Errcode: 30) SQL=SELECT id, title, module, position, content, showtitle, control, params FROM jos_modules AS m LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm ON mm.moduleid = m.id WHERE m.published = 1 AND m.access <= 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND ( mm.menuid = 8 OR mm.menuid = 0 ) ORDER BY position, ordering

SAFETY OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS. GEOECOLOGY

Application of solar energy in heating and cooling of residential buildings under Central Asian conditions

Vestnik MGSU 4/2014
  • Usmonov Shukhrat Zaurovich - Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Senior Lecturer, Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 226 Lenina st., Khujand, 735700, Tajikistan; applicant, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings; 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 142-149

Solar radiation is the main source of thermal energy for almost all the processes developing in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The total duration of sunshine in Tajikistan ranges from 2100 to 3170 hours per year. Solar collectors can be mounted on the roof of a house after its renovation and modernization. One square meter of surface area in Central Asia accounts for up to 1600 kW/h of solar energy gain, whilst the average gain is 1200 kW/h. Active solar thermal systems are able to collect both low- and high-temperature heat. Active systems require the use of special engineering equipment for the collection, storage, conversion and distribution of heat, while a low-grade system is based on the principle of using a flat solar collector. The collector is connected to the storage tank for storing the heated water, gas, etc. The water temperature is in the range 50-60 °C. For summer air conditioning in hot climates, absorption-based solar installations with open evaporating solution are recommended. The UltraSolar PRO system offers an opportunity to make a home independent of traditional electricity. Combining Schneider Electric power generation and innovative energy storage technology results in an independent power supply. Traditional power supply systems can be short-lived since they store energy in lead-acid batteries which have a negligible lifetime. Lead-acid batteries operate in a constant charge-discharge mode, require specific conditions for best performance and can fail suddenly. Sudden failure of lead acid batteries, especially in winter in the northern part of Tajikistan, completely disables the heating system of a building. Instead, it is recommended to use industrial lithium-ion batteries, which have a significantly longer life and reliability compared to lead-acid type. UltraSolar PRO are ideal and provide a complete package, low noise and compact lithium-ion power supply.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.4.142-149

References
  1. IEA. World Energy Outlook 2004. International Energy Agency, Paris, IEA/OECD, 2004.
  2. Butti K., Perlin J. A Golden Thread: 2500 Years of Solar Architecture and Technology. London, 1980.
  3. United Nations on Climate Change. General Convention Kyoto, 1997.
  4. Gritsevich I. Protokol konferentsii po global'nomu klimatu v Kioto: novye pravila igry na sleduyushchee desyatiletie [Protocol of the Conference on Global Climate in Kyoto: New Game Rules for the Coming Decade]. Ekonomicheskaya effektivnost': Ezhekvartal'nyy byulleten' Tsentra po effektivnomu ispol'zovaniyu energii (TsENEF) [Economic Efficiency: Quarterly Bulletin of the Center on Eficcient Energy Use (TsENEF)]. Moscow, 1998, no. 18.
  5. Glikson A.L., Doroshenko A.V. Geliosistemy i teplovye nasosy v sistemakh avtonomnogo teplo- i kholodosnabzheniya [Heliosystems and Heat Pumps in the Systems of Autonomous Heat and Cooling Supply]. ABOK. 2004, no. 7, pp. 18—23.
  6. Tabunshchikov Yu.A., Akopov B.L. Energeticheskie vozmozhnosti naruzhnogo klimata [Energy Possibilities of Outside Climate]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Saving]. 2008, no. 4, pp. 50—55.
  7. Butuzov V.A. Solnechnoe teplosnabzhenie: sostoyanie del i perspektivy razvitiya [Solar Heat Subbly: Situation and Development Prospects]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Saving]. 2000, no. 4, pp. 28—30.
  8. Dik Dolmans. Vozmozhnosti zatenyayushchikh geliosistem [Possibilities of Shading Heliosystems]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Saving]. 2010, no. 7, pp. 66—69.
  9. Popel' O.S. Effektivnost' primeneniya solnechnykh vodonagrevateley v klimaticheskikh usloviyakh sredney polosy Rossii [Efficiency of Solar Water Heaters Application in in Central Russia Climate Conditions]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Saving]. 2001, no.1, pp. 30—33.
  10. Integrirovannaya otsenka sostoyaniya okruzhayushchey sredy Respubliki Tadzhikistan. Programma OON po okruzhayushchey srede (UNEP) [Integrated Assessment of the Environment State in the Tajikistan Republic. United Nations Environmental Programme]. Komitet po okhrane okruzhayushchey sredy pri pravitel'stve Respubliki Tadzhikistan [Environmental Protection Committee under the Government of Tajikistan Republic]. Available at: http://hifzitabiat.tj/files/integrirovanaya_otsenka_sostoyaniya_os_rt_2005.pdf. Date of access: 14.01.2014.
  11. Kak nachat' ekonomit' 75 % zatrat na goryachee vodosnabzhenie i 40 % zatrat na otoplenie? [How to Start Saving 75 % of Expenses on Hot-water Supply and 40 % of Expenses on Heating?]. Sun-air-water.ru. Available at: http://www.sun-air-water.ru/geliosystems. Date of access: 14.01.2014.
  12. Tanaka S., Suda R. Zhilye doma s avtonomnym teplokhladosnabzheniem [Living Houses with Independent Heating and Cooling Supply]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1989, 185 p.
  13. Sistema otopleniya za schet energii Solntsa uzhe segodnya! [Heating System by Means of Solar Energy Today!]. EngSystem Company. Available at: http://eng-system.com/id7533.htm. Date of access: 14.01.2014.
  14. Nigmatov I.I. Osobennosti arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo proektirovaniya zdaniy v usloviyakh Tsentral'noy Azii [Peculiarities of Architectural and Construction Design of Buildings in Central Asian Conditions]. Dushanbe,Tadzhik NIINTI Publ., 1993, 216 p.
  15. Energiya solntsa [Solar Energy]. Kompaniya Vozobnovlyaemaya energiya [Renewable Energy Company]. Available at: http://www.smarthome26.ru/sun-energy. Date of access: 14.01.14.

Download

Results 1 - 1 of 1