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ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

Experience of restoration and reconstruction of architectural monuments: from engineering researches to projects implementation by scientists and students of MGSU

Vestnik MGSU 7/2014
  • Chernyshev Sergey Nikolaevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Geologo-Mineralogical Sciences, Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 18-27

For more than 20 years the author with his colleagues conducts engineering researches, design of restoration and reconstruction of various architectural monuments. Full cycles of works from engineering investigations to implementation of the own projects are executed on three objects: 1) architectural monument of the 19th century, the church in the museum preserve Abramtsevo (Moscow region), during 2005-2006; 2) a monument of Orthodox church history, a unique soil construction which is called "The Holy Ditch" in the village Diveevo (Nizhny Novgorod region) since 1997 to the present; 3) Church of Our Lady of Kazan also in Diveevo village during 1997-2002. For churches engineering researches are executed, calculations of the bases are made, ways of strengthening the bases are chosen, architectural projects of restoration are created. The church is restored by students under supervision of the experts from the university. The church in Diveevo was partially destroyed during the Soviet period. During restoration high-rise parts of the church were constructed. The works were performed by working restorers under control of the author of article in 2002-2004. Participation of students, masters, graduate students in restoration works had great educational value, gave to young people experience and knowledge. Students studied under professional restorers. Generalization is given in summary. D.S. Likhachyov's theory and our own experience are used. The principle of reconstructing barbarously destroyed engineering constructions, buildings and architectural complexes is formulated. It corresponds to the realities of the 21st century, new technological capabilities and requirements of modern society. Briefly: the reconstructed structure, in our opinion, has to face not only the past, but also the future. It is not always necessary to create the exact copy of the lost construction. Recreating the destroyed construction, it is necessary to apply new materials to increase the reliability and eliminate constructive imperfection of ancient constructions together with preserving old forms. Buildings and constructions have to be under construction anew mainly for performance of former functions, but the buildings have to meet modern requirements on the equipment and internal planning, modern technical norms. The project of the lost building needs to be made taking into account the change of environment. These provisions were successfully incarnated in the process of construction of St. Ditch in Diveev and they are also illustrated on the examples of the reconstruction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow and Frauenkiche in Dresden.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.7.18-27

References
  1. Paushkin G.A., Cherkasova L.I., Kryzhanovskiy A.L., Alekseev G.V. Problemy nadezhnosti osnovaniy i fundamentov khramovykh zdaniy na ostrove Anzer [Problems of Reliability of Bases and Foundations of Temple Buildings on the Island Anzer]. Problemy obespecheniya ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti stroitel'stva: 4 Denisovskie chteniya, sbornik [Proceedings of the 4th Denisov Readings: Problems of Ensuring Ecological Safety of Construction]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2008, pp. 126—134.
  2. Arts and Crafts. Von Morris bis Mackintosh — Reformbewegung zwischen Kunstgewerbe und Sozialutopie. Darmstadt, 1995, 152 S.
  3. Kunstlerkolonien in Europa im Zeichnen der Ebene und des Himmels. Ausstellungskatalog des Germanischen Nationalmuseums. Nurenberg, 2002, 124 S.
  4. Chernyshev S.N., Shcherbina E.V. Svyataya Bogorodichnaya Kanavka: prirodnye usloviya i tekhnicheskie resheniya po vossozdaniyu [St. Ditch: Environmental and Technical Solutions for Reconstruction]. Prirodnye usloviya stroitel'stva i sokhraneniya khramov Pravoslavnoy Rusi: sbornik trudov 2-go Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-prakticheskogo simpoziuma [Proceeding of the 2-nd International Scientific and Practical Symposium "Environmental Conditions of Construction and Preservation of the Temples of Orthodox Russia]. Sergiev Posad, the Moscow Patriarchate Publ., 2005, pp. 247—253.
  5. Tserkov' Kazanskoy ikony Bozhiey Materi v Diveeve [Church of Our Lady of Kazan in Diveevo]. Moscow, Yabloko Publ., 2004, pp. 99—106.
  6. Kornilov A.M., Cherkasova L.I., Chernyshev S.N. Prognoz osadok fundamentov pravoslavnykh khramov pri ikh restavratsii s uchetom istorii nagruzheniya osnovaniya i osobennostey konstruktsii fundamentov na primere tserkvi Kazanskoy ikony Bozhiey Materi Sv.-Troitskogo Serafimo-Diveevskogo monastyrya [Forecast of Foundation Settlement of Orthodox Temples at their Restoration Taking into Account the History of the Basis Loading and Features of the Bases Design on the Example of Church of Our Lady of Kazan of St. Troitsky Serafimo-Diveevsky monastery]. Akademicheskie chteniya N.A.Tsytovicha: 2-e Denisovskie chteniya [Proceeding of the N.A.Tsytovich's academic readings: 2-nd Denisov readings]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2003, pp. 80—84.
  7. Darchiya V.I., Pashkevich S.A., Pulyaev I.S., Pustovgar A.P., Chernyshev S.N. Vliyanie usloviy osveshchennosti otkosov na ekspluatatsionnye svoystva geosinteticheskikh setok na osnove poliamida-6 / [Influence of Ambient Light on Slopes on the Performance Properties of Geosynthetic Grids Based on Polyamide-6]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 12, pp. 101—108.
  8. Chernyshev S.N., Timofeev V.Yu. Merzlotnye i gibridnye inzhenerno-geologicheskie protsessy v glinistykh gruntakh sooruzheniy Svyatoy Bogorodichnoy kanavki [Frost and Hybrid Engineering Geological Processes in Clay Soil of the Constructions of the St. Ditch]. Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering Geology]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 68—72.
  9. Tazina N.G., Darchiya V.I. Sozdanie gazonnykh travostoev na ochen' krutykh sklonakh sil'noy zatenennosti v Diveeve [Creation the Lawn Herbages on Very Cool Slopes of Strong Opacity in Diveevo]. Resursosberegayushchie tekhnologii v lugovom kormoproizvodstve: Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 100-letiyu kafedry lugovodstva. Sbornik [Resource-saving Technologies in a Meadow Forage Production. St. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference Devoted to the 100 Anniversary of the Chair of Grassland Culture]. SPbGAU Publ., 2013, pp. 240—245.
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  13. Volker Stoll, Carsten Leibenart. Geotechnische und Hydrogeologische Arbeiten fur den Wiederaufbau der Frauenkirche Dresden und deren Umfeld. Prirodnye usloviya stroitel'stva i sokhraneniya khramov pravoslavnoy Rusi: sbornik tezisov 5-go Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-prakticheskogo simpoziuma [Proceeding of the 5th International Scientific and Practical Symposium "Environmental Conditions of Construction and Preservation of the Temples of Orthodox Russia]. N. Novgorod, 2013, pp. 41—49.

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ARCHITECTURAL ARRANGEMENT OF MODERN MONASTERY MUSEUM: THE CASE OF THE HOLY TRINITY ANTONY OF SIYA MONASTERY OF ARKHANGELSK REGION S.V. Ilvitskaya, E.A. Shvetsova-Shilovskaya

Vestnik MGSU 2/2018 Volume 13
  • Ilvitskaya Svetlana Valer’evna - State University of Land Use Planning (SULUP) Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Head of the Department of Architecture, State University of Land Use Planning (SULUP), 15 Kazakova str., Moscow, 105064, Russian Federation.
  • Shvetsova-Shilovskaya Elizaveta Aleksandrovna - State University of Land Use Planning (SULUP) Postgraduate Student, Department of Architecture, State University of Land Use Planning (SULUP), 15 Kazakova str., Moscow, 105064, Russian Federation.

Pages 148-154

Subject: architectural and planning solutions of museum premises at the Orthodox Christian monastery in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Two main approaches to arrangement of a museum in an Orthodox Christian monastery are considered. A project of the museum in the Holy Trinity Antony of Siya Monastery is proposed. This project is based on reconstruction of one of the destroyed buildings in the monastery - the closed fraternal building of the XVII-XVIII centuries. This building is supposed to be rebuilt on its historic place and in its original architectural appearance, but with a new function of a monastery museum. Research objectives: identify the principles of formation of the monastery’s metochion for pilgrimage tourism. Materials and methods: method of comparison of approaches to museum organization. Results: The discovered regularities allow us to define the principles of formation of the monastery’s metochion environment for pilgrimage tourism. Conclusions: it is possible to apply the principles of formation of the monastery’s metochion environment for pilgrimage tourism to the design of the museum as a part of the Orthodox Christian monastery on the territory of the Russian Arctic.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.2.148-154

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