"Вестник МГСУ"

In hearth furnaces, the firewood is burned more cleanly with less carbon monoxide at the outlet. The disadvantage of such fireboxes is a longer process of coal burnout than in grate-fired furnaces. In furnaces with a grate, the burnout time of coals is less, which makes it possible to finish the combustion process more quickly and close the outlet latch. This increases the efficiency of the furnace but to further reduce the time of burning out the coals they have to be raked and burned on the grate. This complicates the process of operating the furnace itself. The proposed design of the compound firebox allows us to improve characteristics of both the firebox itself and the entire furnace. Research objectives: creation and study of a compound firebox that increases the efficiency of the furnace and simplifies the furnace maintenance process with the values of carbon monoxide at the outlet comparable to hearth furnaces. Materials and methods: a detailed analysis of hearth fuel chambers ECO+ was carried out according to the amount of carbon monoxide at the outlet. The results of the analysis are used for comparison with compound fuel chamber. The structure of the compound firebox was chosen based on the results of preliminary tests of several fuel chambers proposed and tested by the author in the furnace PDKSh-2.0. A peculiarity of the structure of the compound firebox is the absence of a grate and the presence of a narrow slit in the lower part of the firebox through which the incoming air enters the firewood. Between the walls of the firebox and firewood, skids are installed, forming an air gap, through which the inlet air is uniformly supplied to the entire firewood supply. With gradual combustion of firewood and formation of coal, the firewood descends to the bottom of the firebox, where they intensively burn out in the maximum air flow. Compound firebox consists of several parts, it is made of steel with a thickness of 4.0 mm and installed into the furnace fire through the fuel entry door. In studying the combustion of firewood process, a gas analyzer and an anemometer are used. Results: the results of the test of the compound firebox showed that the combustion of firewood in it is more even and takes more time. The time of burnout of coals was reduced by 40...50 %. The actual value of the furnace efficiency is increased by 2...3 %, and the СО emissions are comparable with the ECO+ furnaces. Conclusions: compound firebox without a grate can be recommended for use in household furnaces for various purposes.

Introduction. An approach to the development of recommendations on the choice of operating modes of the furnace and of its design parameters is presented. Efficiency of a household stove is a rather broad concept by which the uniform heating of stove surfaces and heat transfer over time, etc. are understood. The ability of the stove to receive heat from burning wood and transfer heat to the room with minimal losses is the technical characteristics, which we will consider. The operation of any furnace is cyclic. Each cycle consists of two parts: the accumulation of heat (the mode of the furnace, the combustion of wood) and the heat transfer to a heated room (the mode of heat release). The furnace furnace mode is characterized by the efficiency of the furnace. Not all the heat left in the furnace is transferred to the room. Part of the heat goes into the foundation and through the valves in the pipe. The estimation of heat losses and the amount of carbon monoxide in a household oven, recommendations for their reduction are given. Materials and methods. A detailed analysis and assessment of heat losses, an estimate of the amount of carbon monoxide in a household oven, and the development of recommendations for their reduction are given. Results. The results of the study and analysis are used to develop ecommendations on the choice of operating modes of the furnace and the choice of its design parameters. Conclusions. The results of the work can be recommended in the development of domestic stoves.