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ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

Energy method for calculating the noise penetrating into flat rooms through walls

Vestnik MGSU 9/2014
  • Giyasov Botir Iminzhonovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, chair, Department of Architectural and Construction Design, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 287-49-14; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Antonov Aleksandr Ivanovich - Tambov State Technical University (TGTU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Architecture and Construction of Buildings, Tambov State Technical University (TGTU), 112 E Michurinskaya street, Tambov, 392032, Russian Federation; +7 (4752) 63-03-82, 63-04-39; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Matveeva Irina Vladimirovna - Tambov State Technical University (TGTU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Urban and Road Construction, Tambov State Technical University (TGTU), 112 E Michurinskaya street, Tambov, 392032, Russian Federation; +7 (4752) 63-09-20, 63-03-72; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 22-31

The noise state in buildings is a general process of sound energy distribution in the building volume. The sound energy emerging in separate rooms falls on enveloping structures of the rooms and penetrates to the adjacent volumes. In this case the enveloping structures of the noisy rooms become the sources of noise for other rooms. In public buildings flat rooms widely occur, in which the noise from technical rooms often penetrate. The authors observe the principles of evaluating indoor noise in a flat, which penetrates from adjacent premises through the walls. The method of calculating sound pressure levels in rooms is offered. The method takes into account the patterns of direct sound distribution from the flat noise source (wall) and the conditions of the reflected sound field creation in flat space of finite and infinite length. The direct sound energy distribution character is determined by geometric parameters of the wall shedding the noise. The method provides the desired calculation precision of the sound pressure levels.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.9.22-31

References
  1. Ledenev V.I. Statisticheskie energeticheskie metody rascheta shumovykh poley pri proektirovanii proizvodstvennykh zdaniy [Statistical Energy Methods for Calculating The Noise Fields in the Design of Industrial Buildings]. Tambov, Tambovskiy Gosudarstvennyy Tekhnicheskiy Universitet Publ., 2001, 156 p.
  2. Antonov A.I., Zhdanov A.E., Ledenev V.I. Avtomatizatsiya rascheta shumovykh poley v proizvodstvennykh pomeshcheniyakh [Calculation Automation of Noise Fields in Production Rooms]. Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Proceedings of Tambov State Technical University]. 2004, vol. 10, no. 1B, pp. 245—250.
  3. Giyasov B.I., Matveeva I.V., Makarov A.M. Metod rascheta shuma v ploskikh pomeshcheniyakh s ravnomerno raspredelennymi rasseivatelyami [Noise Evaluation Method in a Flat Room with Evenly Distributed Lenses]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 2, pp. 13—21.
  4. Antonov A.I., Ledenev V.I., Solomatin Ye.O. The Combined Method of Calculation of Noise Conditions in Industrial Buildings of Thermal Power Stations. Scientific Herald of the Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Construction and Architecture. 2012, no. 1, pp. 7—16.
  5. Antonov A.I., Solomatin E.O., Tseva A.V. Metod rascheta shuma v dlinnykh pomeshcheniyakh [Method of Noise Analysis inside Long Premises]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 1, pp. 19—25.
  6. Antonov A.I., Ledenev V.I., Solomatin E.O., Gusev V.P. Metody rascheta urovney pryamogo zvuka, izluchaemogo ploskimi istochnikami shuma v gorodskoy zastroyke [Methods for Calculating the Level of the Direct Sound Emitted by Flat Noise Sources in Urban Environment]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013, no. 6, pp. 13—15.
  7. Picaut J., Simon L., D. Polack J. A Mathematical Model of Diffuse Sound Field Based on a Diffusion Equation. Acoustica. 1997, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 614—621.
  8. Valeau V., Picaut J., Hodgson M. On the Use of a Diffusion Equation for Room-Acoustic Prediction. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2006, vol. 119, no. 3, pp. 1504—1513. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2161433.
  9. Valeau V., Hodgson M., Picaut J. A Diffusion-based Analogy for the Prediction of Sound Fields in Fitted Rooms. Acta Acustica United with Acustica. 2007, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 94—105.
  10. Billon A., Picaut J., Valeau V., Sakout A. Acoustic Predictions in Industrial Spaces Using a Diffusion Model. Advances in Acoustics and Vibration. 2012, Article ID 260394, 9 p. Available at: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/aav/2012/260394/. Date of access: 12.05.2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/260394.
  11. Jing Y., Larsen E.W., Xiang N. One-Dimensional Transport Equation Models for Sound Energy Propagation in Long Spaces: Theory. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2010, vol. 127, no. 4, pp. 2312—2322. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3298936.
  12. Jing Y., Xiang N. A Modified Diffusion Equation for Room-Acoustic Predication. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2007, vol. 121, no. 6, pp. 3284—3287. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2727331.
  13. Picaut J., Valeau V., Billon A., Sakout A. Sound Field Modeling in Architectural Acoustics Using a Diffusion Equation. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Noise. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 2006, pp. 1—8.
  14. Osipov G.L., Yudin E.Ya., Khyubner G. Snizhenie shuma v zdaniyakh i zhilykh rayonakh [Noise Reduction in Buildings and Residential Areas]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1987, 558 p.
  15. Voronkov A.Yu., Zhdanov A.E. O printsipe vvoda zvukovoy energii v pomeshchenie pri ispol’zovanii integro-interpolyatsionnogo metoda rascheta shumovykh poley [On the Principle of Sound Energy Input into a Room by Using the Integro-Interpolation Method for Calculating Noise Fields]. Trudy TGTU : sbornik nauchnykh statey molodykh uchenykh i studentov [Works of Tambov State Technical University: Collection of Scientific Articles of Young Scientists and Students]. Tambov, 1999, no. 4, pp. 116—118.

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Specification of indoor climate design parameters at the assessment of moisture protective properties of enclosing structures

Vestnik MGSU 11/2016
  • Kornienko Sergey Valer’evich - Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Architecture of Buildings and Structures, Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE), 1 Akademicheskaya str., Volgograd, 400074, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 132-145

Due to wide implementation of enveloping structures with increased heat-insulation properties in modern construction here appeared a necessity to assess their moisture conditions. Assessment of moisture conditions of enveloping structures is carried out according to maximum allowable moisture state basing on determining the surface of maximum damping. In relation to it the necessity of additional vapour barrier is checked using moisture balance equation. Though the change of indoor climate parameters in premises is not taken into account in moisture balance equations defined for different seasons. The author improves the method of calculating moisture protective parameters of enclosing structures according to the maximum allowable damping state for a year and a period of moisture accumulation. It is shown in this article that accounting of temperature and relative humidity change of inside air allows specifying calculated parameters of indoor climate in residential and office rooms in assessment of moisture protective properties of enclosing structures for the case of an effective enclosing structure with a façade heat-insulation composite system. Coordinates of the maximum moistened surface of the envelope depends on indoor climate design parameters. It is concluded that the increase of requirements for moisture protection of enclosing structures when using design values of temperature and relative humidity of internal air according to the Russian regulation (SP 50.13330.2012) is not always reasonable. Accounting of changes of indoor climate parameters allows more precise assessment of moisture protective properties of enclosing structures during their design.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.11.132-145

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Control of thermal resistance of building envelopes according to heat comfort in a premise

Vestnik MGSU 2/2016
  • Perekhozhentsev Anatoliy Georgievich - Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE) Doctor of technical sciences, Honorary Figure of Russian Higher Education, member, the Union of Architects of Russia, Professor, chair, Department of the Architecture of Buildings and Structures, Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE), 1 Akademicheskaya str., 400074, Volgograd, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 173-185

Setting standards of thermal resistance of building envelopes is a current task related with energy saving and energy efficiency of building envelopes. The problem of choosing the factor determining the standard thermal resistance also stays current even after updating of the Construction Norms. The author consider the concept of norming the thermal resistance of building envelope, in which the temperature of the inner surface of a building envelope providing comfortable temperature conditions in premises. The main task of an architect, who is designing an energy efficient building envelope is providing comfortable conditions in premises both in cold and warm periods of the year. The temperature of the inner surface of building envelopes should be included into the construction norms as the main criterion providing comfortable air temperature in premises.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.2.173-185

References
  1. Gagarin V.G. O nedostatochnoy obosnovannosti povyshennykh trebovaniy k teplozashchite naruzhnykh sten zdaniy [On the Lack up Inadequate Rationale of the Raised Requirements to the Thermal Protection of the Outside Walls of the Buildings]. Problemy stroitel’noy teplofiziki sistem mikroklimata i energosberezheniya v zdaniyakh : sbornik dokladov 3-y nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (23—25 aprelya 1998 g.) [Problems of Construction Thermal Physics of Microclimate Systems and Energy Saving in Buildings : Collection of Reports of the 3rd Science and Practice Conference (April 23—25, 1998)]. Moscow, GASNTI Publ., 1998, pp. 69—94. (In Russian)
  2. Brodach M.M. VIIKKI — novyy vzglyad na energosberezhenie [VIIKKI — New View on Energy Saving]. AVOK : Ventilyatsiya, otoplenie, konditsionirovanie vozdukha, teplosnabzhenie i stroitel’naya teplofizika [AVOK : Ventilation, Heating, Air Conditioning, Heat Supply and Construction Thermal Physics]. 2002, no. 6, pp. 14—20. (In Russian)
  3. Prokhorov V.I. Oblik energosberezheniya. Aktual’nye problemy stroitel’noy teplofiziki [The Concept of Energy Saving. Current Problems of Construction Thermal Physics]. Akademicheskie chteniya : sbornik dokladov 7-y nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (18—20 aprelya 2002 g.) [Academic Readings : Collection of the Reports of the 7th Science and Practice Conference (April 18—20, 2002)]. Moscow, 2002, pp. 73—93. (In Russian)
  4. Uvarov A.V., Stavtsev D.A., Kuznetsov D.I. Problemy ekonomii tepla v sisteme ZhKKh [Problems of Heat Saving in Housing and Utilities Infrastructure]. Stroitel’naya fizika v XXI veke : materialy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii [Construction Physics in the 21st Century : Materials of Science and Technical Conference]. Moscow, NIISF RAASN Publ., 2006, pp. 212—216. (In Russian)
  5. Gorshkov A.S., Livchak V.I. Istoriya, evolyutsiya i razvitie normativnykh trebovaniy k ograzhdayushchim konstruktsiyam [History, Evolution and Development of the Requirements to Building Envelopes]. Stroitel’stvo unikal’nykh zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Construction of Unique Buildings and Structures]. 2015, no. 3 (30), pp. 7—37. (In Russian)
  6. Energeticheskaya strategiya Rossii na period do 2020 goda [Energy Strategy of Russia for the Period up to 2020]. Moscow, GUIES ; Energiya Publ., 2003, 135 p. (In Russian)
  7. Banhidi L. Teplovoy mikroklimat pomeshcheniy : raschet komfortnykh parametrov po teplooshchushcheniyam cheloveka [Thermal Microclimate of Premises. Calculus of the Comfort Parameters of Human Thermal Feelings]. Translated from English. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1981, 248 p. (In Russian)
  8. Fanger P.O. Thermal Comfort. McGrowHill, 1970, 244 p.
  9. SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10. Sanitarno-epidemiologicheskie trebovaniya k usloviyam prozhivaniya v zhilykh zdaniyakh i pomeshcheniyakh. Sanitarno-epidemiologicheskie pravila i normativy [Sanitary Rules and Regulations SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10. Sanitary Epidemiologic Requirements to the Living Conditions in Residential Buildings and Premises. Sanitary Epidemiologic Rules and Norms]. (In Russian)
  10. Andrskevicius R., Bielinskis F. Investigation of Temperature Variations in Heated Rooms. Pap. of 4th conf. of VGTU. 2000, pp. 215—222.
  11. Keller B., Magyari E. A Simple Calculation Method of General Validity for the Design-Parameters of a Room/Building, Minimizing Its Energy and Power Demand for Heating and Cooling in a Given Climate. Zurich, 1998, 57 p.
  12. Samarin O.D. Teplofizika. Energosberezhenie. Energoeffektivnost’ [Thermal Physics. Energy Saving. Energy Efficuency]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009, 292 p. (Biblioteka nauchnykh proektov i razrabotok MGSU) [Library of Scientific Projects and Developments of MGSU]. (In Russian)
  13. Perekhozhentsev A.G. Metodika rascheta raspredeleniya temperatury v mnogosloynykh ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiyakh zdaniy s uchetom vliyaniya infil’tratsii kholodnogo vozdukha [Methods of Calculating Temperature Distributions in Multilayered Enveloping Structures of Buildings with Account for the Influence of Cold Air Infiltration]. Teoreticheskie osnovy teplosnabzheniya i ventilyatsii : materialy 2-oy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii [Theoretical Foundations of Heat Supply and Ventilation : Materials of the 2nd International Science and Technical Conference]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2007. (In Russian)
  14. Jaraminieme E., Juodis E. The Discrepancy between Design Heat Demand and Actual Heat Consumption Due To Air Infiltration. Pap. of Conf. of VGTU. 2008, vol. II, pp. 804—809.
  15. Zhukov A.N. Vliyanie klimaticheskikh osobennostey Volgogradskoy oblasti na temperaturnyy rezhim sovmeshchennykh pokrytiy zdaniy [Influence of the Climatic Features of Volgograd Region on the Temperature Regime of Combined Building Shells]. Tekhnicheskie nauki — ot teorii k praktike : materialy XII Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (30 iyulya 2012 g.) [Technical Sciences — from Theory to Practice : Materials of the 12th International Science and Practical Conference (July 30, 2012)]. Novosibirsk, 2012, pp. 67—70. (In Russian)
  16. Fokin K.F. Stroitel’naya teplotekhnika ograzhdayushchikh chastey zdaniy [Construction Heat Engineering of Building Envelopes]. 5th edition, revised. Moscow, AVOK-Press Publ., 2006, 250 p. (Tekhnicheskaya biblioteka NP «AVOK») [Technical Library of “AVOK”] (In Russian)
  17. Ramanauskas R. Efficient Use of Rotary Heat Exchangers. Pap. of REHVA’S General Assembly. 2004, pp. 360—366.
  18. GOST 30494—96. Zdaniya zhilye i obshchestvennye. Parametry mikroklimata v pomeshcheniyakh [Russian State Standard GOST 30494—96. Residential and Public Buildings. Microclimatic Parameters in Premises]. Moscow, MNTKS Publ., 1996, 23 p. (In Russian)
  19. Blazi V. Spravochnik proektirovshchika. Stroitel’naya fizika [Reference Book of a Designer. Structural Physics]. Translated from German. Moscow, Tekhnosfera Publ., 2005, 535 p. (Mir stroitel’stva) [The World of Construction] (In Russian)
  20. Petras D., Matej P. The Optimization of the Heat Pump Operation in Low-Temperature Heating Systems. Pap. of REHVA’S General Assembly. 2004, pp. 346—351.
  21. Belyaev N.V., Fursov V.V. O raznoobrazii prichin obrazovaniya povrezhdeniy nesushchikh ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy [On the Diversity of the Reasons of Damages of Bearing Enveloping Structures]. Vestnik SibADI [SibADI Journal]. 2013, no. 5 (33), pp. 45—51. (In Russian)
  22. Energetika i energosberezhenie: polozhenie na segodnyashniy den’ i puti dal’neyshego razvitiya [Energy Industry and Energy Saving: the Present-Day State and Ways of Future Development]. Energoeffektivnost’: opyt, problemy, resheniya [Energy Efficiency: Experience, Problems, Solutions]. 2007, no. 1—2, pp. 79—94. (In Russian)

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Thermal regime of enclosing structures in high-rise buildings

Vestnik MGSU 8/2018 Volume 13
  • Musorina Tatyana A. - Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) postgraduate student, Hydraulics and Strength Department, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 29 Politechnicheskaya s., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation.
  • Gamayunova Ol’ga S. - Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) Senior lecturer, Department of Construction of Unique Buildings and Structures, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 29 Politechnicheskaya s., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation.
  • Petrichenko Mikhail R. - Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Hydraulics and Strength Department, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), 29 Politechnicheskaya s., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation.

Pages 935-943

Subject of research: the main heat loss occurs through the building fence. In the paper, the object of research is enclosing structures with different thermal conductivity. The problem of moisture accumulation in the wall is quite relevant. One of the main problems in construction is saving on building materials and improper design of building envelope. This in turn leads to a violation of the heat and humidity regime in the wall. This paper presents one of the methods to address this issue. Purpose: description of heat and humidity conditions in the wall fence of high-rise buildings. It is also necessary to analyze the relationship between the thermophysical characteristics. Materials and methods: the temperature distribution in the layers will be analyzed on the basis of the structure consisting of 10 layers; the layer thickness is 0.05 m. Materials with different thermal conductivity were used. Each subsequent layer differed in thermal conductivity from the previous one by 0.01. Next, these layers are mixed. The calculation of the humidity regime includes finding the temperature distribution along the thickness of the fence at a given temperature of the outside air. The quality factor of the temperature distribution is the maximum average temperature. This research are conducted in the field of energy efficiency. Results: the higher the average wall temperature, the lower the air temperature differs from the wall temperature. In addition, the higher the average temperature of the wall, the drier the surface inside the wall. However, moisture accumulates on the surface inside the room. The working capacity of multilayer enclosing structures is determined by the temperature distribution and distribution of moisture in the layers. Conclusions: moisture movement through the fence is due to the difference in the partial pressure of water vapor contained in the indoor and outdoor air. A layer with minimal thermal conductivity should be located on the outer surface of the wall in a multi-storey building. The maximum change in the amplitude of temperature fluctuations is observed in the layer adjacent to the surface by periodic thermal effects. It is also taken into account that the process of heat absorption has a great influence on the temperature change in the thickness of the wall fence to the greatest extent within the layer of sharp fluctuations (outer layer). The Central part of the wall (bearing layer) will be the driest. These calculations are satisfied with the design of the ventilated facade.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.8.935-943

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