"Вестник МГСУ"

Increase of sports-technical skill in sports occurs on the basis of last achievements of the theory and physical training and sports practice. Development of football isn't possible without search and introduction in training process of optimum pedagogical models of perfection of physical and technical readiness of football players. Such pedagogical models should be applied, as in groups of initial preparation, so at the subsequent grade levels, including in student's football. Modern training process (pedagogical model), should be under construction on objective indicators of physical, technical and special readiness (so-called feedback). However, the estimation of sports-technical readiness at sports schools on football is reduced only to testing of speed, jumps, juggling, dribbling and a shoot for goal. The same criteria are applied and in student's football. Unfortunately, the given control exercises not in a condition to the full to reflect level of physical and technical readiness of the football player. For more objective estimation of special readiness it is necessary to use the test tasks revealing a level of development of coordination abilities of game structure game and competitive activity (game in football). It will allow trainers to have fuller picture of readiness of the football player, in respect of its professional (football) skills. As a result coach have possibility to trace level of a condition of the various parties of sports readiness (physical, technical and coordination) student's youth engaged in football at each stage of long-term preparation.

The authors consider particular methods, technologies and organizational aspects that may be implemented in the construction and renovation of pipelines using polythene materials instead of metals due to their economic and practical efficiency. It is noteworthy that the corrosion problem of steel pipelines is the phenomenon of metal destruction that reduces the throughput of pipelines and facilitates obstructions, juncture cleavages and water leaks as a result of reduction of service lives of pipelines. The authors analyzed the efficiency of polythene pipes from the viewpoint of hydraulic processes and the economic expediency; the authors identified that the polythene pipe’s throughput is 3 times as much as the one of steel pipes. Also, the authors determined the economic efficiency of polythene pipes: USD 0.5 million per 1 kilometer of pipeline.The authors take account of the technology-related aspect, as the water pipeline construction and reconstruction processes are limited by dense urban environments or due to the absence of overhaul factories in the close proximity to pipelines. Therefore, the results of the analysis evidence the efficiency of application of polythene in construction and reconstruction of pipeline engineering systems. It is highly resistant to abrasion and corrosion; it boosts the water flow velocity due to the low rough-ness of the internal surface; its service life is long enough, and its transportation is problem-free.

Effectiveness of thermal insulation products is determined by a set of criteria that can be expressed in terms of energy costs: reduction of the cost of heating (the main criterion), energy consumption in the course of construction, energy consumption in the course of production of materials having pre-set properties, and service durability of the material.On the one hand, service durability (as a property) is generated in the course of material production, and on the other hand, it depends on the conditions that the material is exposed to in the course of any construction process. The same parameter affects energy-related criteria. Insulation replacement or unplanned repairs add supplementary energy costs.The manufacturing process of thermal insulation materials contemplates processing of a significant amount of non-renewable natural resources, namely, fuel combustion. Optimization of these costs is necessary and possible through appropriate organization of processes, including the process of heat treatment of products.Layered materials can improve the product performance and durability. Production and heat treatment of mineral fibers are the most energy-consuming steps of the mineral wool production. Optimization of these processes can involve significant economic effects.

The relevance of the problem of construction waste management has proven to be true, as the statistical data reflect an increase in the amount of construction and demolition works in the Russian Federation. The authors analyze the current standards, regulatory documents and requirements applicable to construction waste processing. One of the most important challenges is a need to develop production schedules (PSs) applicable to the processes of management of construction and demolition waste. The process of coordination of PSs, their structure and contents is considered in the article in detail. There is a need for universal construction waste management software programmes. Development of these software programmes can promote essential results in projecting, modeling and research of the properties of waste management processes.

The research encompasses the field testing of wall-mounted boilers with sealed chambers integrated into flat-heating systems operating in different modes. Results of field tests of items without the indication of their producers and equipment brands are provided. The testing procedure involved a double-circuit wall-mounted boiler. Its capacity was 30 kW, and it had a sealed natural gas combustion chamber. The main regularities of its operation were identified and boiler heating parameters were assessed when the boiler was in operation at full capacity.
The findings make it possible to state that the reduction of capacity of the heat generator causes an increase in the heat loss. Besides, the results of calculations make it possible to perform
the heating system analysis and to define the area of application of various systems of heat supply. The principal decision based on the basis of the above analysis is the decision to install an independent or a centralized system of heat supply.

The subject matter of the article is the energy and resource efficiency of tribological engineering
methods applied to working sections and interfaces of construction machines and equipment
exposed to varied temperature and loading conditions. The relevance of the problem is based on the
need to increase the durability of working sections exposed to intensive wear and tear, to improve
the productivity and to reduce the material and power expenses associated with the maintenance
and repair of the above items of machinery. The solution is based on tribology-related achievements.
Effective tribological methods include surface cladding and spraying of wear-resistant materials
onto the wear surface, induction brazing of reinforcing hard alloys, thermal and chemicothermal
treatment, etc. The most effective is an integrated structural and surface-treatment method.
The resource efficiency of tribological methods is based on their energy efficiency at the stages
of manufacturing and operation. Extension of the service life of products shouldn't increase the
energy consumption rate. The latter is estimated with the help of the efficiency factor of tribological
systems.
The authors propose a new deformation and topography-related method of identification of the
efficiency factor of rubbing elements. It encompasses multiple friction and wear models.

Requirements applicable to urban construction and investment programmes are considered in the proposed paper. The authors identify the principal problems that prevent successful implementation of the programme-oriented approach and formulate the initial set of the top-priority objectives. They include the basic parameters of the development strategy, indicators of the economic strength of the Programme, overview of any available resources and efficiency of their use in the past, criteria of efficiency of the Program, its constituent blocks and separate actions, methodological recommendations and procedures, mechanisms of distribution and re-distribution of the budgetary funding, commercial risks and procedures that accompany the concentration of urban resources, forms and methods of public control, incentives designated to get co-developers involved into the Programme. The new outlook applicable to the attainment of the pre-set objectives corrects the economic essence of the Programmes. It consists in the system-based representation of the Programme actions as a collection of regulatory, management, and financial modules designated to substantiate and explain the target-oriented criteria. In pursuance of the above, the target essence of the economic simulation of the strategy of urban assets management as part of the Programme actions is identified. The authors believe that an integrated Programme may assure sustainable development of the urban area acting as a self-reproducing system capable of facilitating the satisfaction of ever-growing needs of urban residents and corporate entities, guests and partners of cities and towns, that represent an integral social and economic system in its development.
In the context accepted by the authors, attainment of the above objective will involve fulfillment of each of the aforementioned requirements. They are to assure the concentration of resources and comprehensive satisfaction of the needs of the urban population in terms of the most popular items of real estate within a particular time span.

The accumulated experience of constructing technically complicated objects and the modern design technologies in general allow conducting deep analysis of construction technological solutions, though, during the project implementation there usually appears an objective necessity to substitute a wide list of technological equipment by the analogues with most close technological characteristics. In the production process it is a rather timeconsuming and organizationally complicated task, which is firstly connected with the choice of reliable supplier and contractor, logistic coordination, providing the purchase procedure. The enumerated factors critically influence the terms of energy project implementation.In the article special aspects of the construction of power engineering facilities is considered. The authors justified the necessity of the researches on the life cycle period related to preparation for construction operations, during which the project is influenced by a lot of negative factors and circumstances different in their form and intensity. The examples and the definitions of unforeseen events and circumstances, which can influence on the realization of the project, are given. The solution to the problem of risk management in the process of technological equipment supply during the construction of power engineering facilities is given. They allow implementing the goal function in the best way providing the required efficiency.

The method of expert evaluation is used in the cases when there is lack of efficient formalized methods for choosing necessary measures for solving production or scientific problems. In construction industry the field of application of expert evaluation method is quite wide. In the article the method of expert evaluation is described, the data on the peculiarities of producing three-dimensional utility blocks on hypso-cement-trass concretes on the Khoroshevsky Concrete Products Plant DSK-1 is presented. The authors present pall results and expert evaluations on ten-point scale. Expert opinions were processed using mathematical statistics method. The results of statistical indicators calculation is presented and optimal ways of raising the production efficiency for three-dimensional utility blocks are chosen basing on them.

The design decision is usually a synthesis of various requirements to the construction object. The main difficulty is to approve the solution results of all the subtasks, because these various requirements often contradict each other. In the article the existing approaches to design solutions searching for steel structural designs are considered, features of standard and individual design are specified. The associative method of choosing the design decision is offered. The process of search is directed in order to receive favorable coincidence of design situations, current and implemented earlier and to apply the approved decisions. In order to consider the greatest possible quantity of combinations of design solution for structural designs in the article it is offered to create a tree of enumeration of possibilities for decisions, in case of which the possible values of decision parameters vary. The algorithm of searching the design decision is shown by a method of a tree of search creation. Three levels of solution for a problem of steel structural designs are thus described. Also the question is raised of the effectiveness of padding expenses for creating the complete tree of search of options, their analysis and assessment.

In this article, the authors present their original algorithm for the methodology of the efficiency assessment of distributed intelligent power management systems of construction facilities in the context of arbitrary limitation of resources.The method is designated for the analysis of implemented design solutions, and it applies to the systems engineering, classification and management of processes, let alone the evaluation of the efficiency of implemented designs.At first, the engineering systems are identified and described. Then, the processes are split into processes that accompany changes in the the parameters of a building and the management processes that accompany changes in the parameters of a building. For each process, the percentage of the total energy consumption is calculated.The coefficient of intelligence and building automation is based on the percentage of the total energy consumption. Further, the coefficient of efficiency of the implemented management system is identified. Therefore, the method helps to assess the effectiveness of a distributed intelligent power management system, and it may also be employed to minimize the impact of biased factors, such as peer reviews.

The authors highlight three problems of the age of information technologies and proposes the strategy for their resolution in relation to the computer-aided design of civil engineering structures.
The authors express their concerns in respect of globalization of software programmes designated for the analysis of civil engineering structures and employed outside of Russia. The problem of the poor quality of the input data has reached Russia. Lately, the rate of accidents of buildings and structures has been growing not only in Russia. Control over efficiency of design projects is hardly performed. This attitude should be changed. Development and introduction of CAD along with the application the efficient methods of projection of behaviour of building structures are in demand. Computer-aided calculations have the function of a logical nucleus, and they need proper control. The system approach to computer-aided calculations and technologies designated for the projection of accidents is formulated by the authors.
Two tasks of the system approach and fundamentals of the strategy for its implementation are formulated. The study of cases of negative results of computer-aided design of engineering structures was performed and multi-component design patterns were developed. Conclusions concerning the results of researches aimed at regular and wide-scale implementation of the strategy fundamentals are formulated.
Organizational and innovative actions concerning the projected behaviour of civil engineering structures proposed in the strategy are to facilitate:
safety and reliability improvement of buildings and structures;
saving of building materials and resources;
improvement of labour efficiency of designers;
modernization and improvement of accuracy of projected behaviour of buildings and building standards;
closer ties between civil and building engineering researchers and construction companies;
development of competitive environment to boost competition in the market of structural design companies and in the market of developers.

Adaptation means accommodation of a living organism to constantly changing conditions external and internal environments. This capacity was developed in the process of the evolutionary development. Absent of this capacity, no human organism can leave normally or adjust to various external factors.In the contemporary research literature, adaptation is associated with different factors, including occupation, climate, social environment, etc. The process of adaptation is complex, and it contemplates different types of adaptation, namely, individual sociopsychological, communicative, and physiological adaptation. It is accompanied by substantial intellectual, mental and physical efforts.The variety of building structures coupled with process-related and organizational methods of their construction require attention to the issues of safety. In the course of life and work (working environment), a person is exposed to various hazards or phenomena, processes, and objects capable of damaging human health under certain conditions. An occupational hazard means an adverse impact on human health in the form of its deterioration or injury under certain conditions.The studies show that the three-shift working activity is the cause of fatigue. Fatigue boosts errors in the sensomotor coordination and deteriorates human health. The daily rhythm of physiological functions is driven by the intensity of the working activity causing changes in the body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure. Harmful factors, such as chlorine and chlorine dioxide, produce negative impact on the psycho-physiological status of the organism. They are countered by the system of adaptation and rehabilitation as an integral part of the university curriculum. Its objective is to enhance the effectiveness of professional activities, to ensure the optimal functioning of a human body exposed to heavy workloads and adverse external conditions.

The increasing traffic on the roads requires relevant technological planning, construction, reconstruction and re-equipment of the expanding network of filling stations. The basis for developing of these guidelines lies in the evolution of urban planning concepts and methods to determine the effective parameters of gas stations. This article describes various layout solutions of the fueling area of a station taking into account the main technical characteristics and regulatory requirements for the design, construction and operation of the station. Typical projects of one power station may be of various sizes, taking away residential areas under the land station changes depending on the layout and features host of technological equipment. Excessive area occupied by the service area leads to additional costs for construction, taxes, etc. For an overall evaluation of the effectiveness of the station operation, the paper proposed an integrated criterion of efficiency of layout solutions, considering both technical and economic indicators of the object functioning. In order to justify the effective layout fueling positions at the station the authors used a comparative analysis of the fueling areas and gas throughput for different number of zones and the method of placing fuel dispensers. According to the results of calculations the linear relationship was obtained between the number of columns and the size of the filling area of the station. As a critical metric in evaluating the effectiveness of various variants of layout solutions of a petrol station an assessment of its bandwidth we made. According to the results of calculations a single-row method of speaker placement on the station is more efficient than double-row or three-row ones.

A director of a construction company of any level seeks for a tool, which allows estimating the quality, reliability, safety and durability of the works using one general parameter. The author of the article considers a new tool of operations management - an integral efficiency potential of organizational, technological and management solutions of a construction object. The investigations allow assuming, that the chosen direction - integrating the efficiency potentials of organizational, technological and management solutions - provides interesting possibilities to the researchers and management of a construction object not only of a theoretical, but also of a practical character. The author gives terminological substantiation, methodological base and variants of mathematical model formation. The direction of further investigations is formulated - from singular potentials to integral potential of a construction object.