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The influence of grouting contraction joints on the stress-strain state concrete dam during the filling water reservoir of Boguchan HPP

Vestnik MGSU 9/2018 Volume 13
  • Baklykov Igor' Vyacheslavovich - JSC “Institute Hydroproject”, 2 Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow leading engineer, JSC “Institute Hydroproject”, 2 Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, Igor V.

Pages 1133-1142

The monolithic of concrete gravity dams is one of the important features of their construction. As shown by field observations, almost all concrete dams have cracks in one way or another, and the successful operation of gravity dams in the presence of a large number of cracks indicates large reserves of their strength. As a result of the erection of a concrete dam by the method of column cutting, a structural joints is technologically provided for. The static work of the column in this construction scheme is not monolithic, the creation of monolithic concrete columns at the time of filling the reservoir is carried out by cementing these joints and in this case the dam can be considered a massive unified structure. For the best transfer of forces between the columns, as well as the subsequent qualitative unification of the said joints, a so-called keys is made in them. In the present paper, the effect of cementing of joints with keys on the stress-strain state of a concrete dam during the filling of a reservoir is considered. To determine the stress-strain state, the main loads and impacts are taken into account: own weight of concrete, hydrostatic pressure, filtration pressure, and seasonal temperature variation. For calculations, a typical section of the concrete dam of the Boguchanskaya HPP was selected. Analysis of field data for the opening of the joints of the concrete dam at the Boguchanskaya HPP showed that the conducted primary cementing did not fully allow the dam to be made monolithic. Thus, part of the joints, which emerges on the bottom face of the dam, was subjected to alternating temperatures of ambient air with a sufficiently wide amplitude. In connection with this, the periodic nature of the state of the joints appeared, namely, “closing-opening”. Calculations carried out within the framework of this work confirmed the seasonal nature of the joints, which allowed to check the stress-strain state of concrete columns in case of incomplete cementation and to give recommendations on further cementation of joints. Materials and methods: analysis of stress-strain state, finite element method. Results: the behavior of concrete column of a gravity dam is analyzed taking into account the incompleteness monolithic of inter-columnar joints by calculating the non-stationary heat conduction problem with subsequent determination of the stress-strain state of concrete column. Seasonal places of opening of inter-columnar joint were identified and their unevenness in the opening of the seam height was revealed. Conclusions: practical application of the methods used to take into account the real configuration of the fine seams of the performed calculations allows us to more accurately determine the stress-strain state of the concrete columns of the dam, as well as the effect of omonivation on the stress-strain state.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.9.1133-1142

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Research into the stress-strained state of the concrete dam given the variability of the linear expansion coefficient of concrete

Vestnik MGSU 11/2014
  • Krutov Denis Anatol’evich - Institute Hydroproject named after S.Ya. Zhuk (Institute Hydroproject) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Chief Specialist, Hydraulic Department 1, Institute Hydroproject named after S.Ya. Zhuk (Institute Hydroproject), 2 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Shilov Leonid Andreevich - Institute Hydroproject named after S.Ya. Zhuk (Institute Hydroproject); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) category 1 engineer Hydraulic Department 1, Institute Hydroproject; Master student, Institute of Engineering and Ecological Construction, and Automation, MGSU, Institute Hydroproject named after S.Ya. Zhuk (Institute Hydroproject); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 2 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation; 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 154-160

The article has summarized findings of the research into the stress-strained state of the concrete dam. Within the framework of this project, the co-authors have analyzed particular features accompanying field data processing, if the concrete dam serves as the data source. The co-authors have derived average linear expansion coefficients for frozen concrete samples originating from varied dam zones. The findings of numerical studies are provided with the account for the variable value of the linear expansion coefficient of the concrete exposed to negative temperatures. Specialized contact methods in finite elements simulations were employed to simulate the casting joints, with the monolith height being equal to 1.5 m, to take account of the non-linear shear strain of joints and their opening. The analysis performed by the co-authors is based on the combinations of loads and other exposures typical for January as the coldest month of an average year. Casting joints were only simulated in the bottom of the finite element dam model, while no joints were simulated for the dam top. The findings have proven, that the 1.53-fold rise in the value of α accompanying concrete freezing, influences the strain state of the dam at Bogouchanskaya hydropower plant. However no effect was produced by the change in the α value onto the strain state of the dam face. Besides, the rock-to-concrete contact depth and width increased. Although, given the small value of the aforementioned increase (decimal points of a millimeter), it will produce no effect on the filtration underway within the bedrock base of the dam. Changes in the value of the linear expansion coefficient of concrete must be taken into account when physico-mechanical characteristics of concrete are identified for the purpose of the finite element analysis.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.11.154-160

References
  1. England G.L., Illston J.M. Methods of Computing Stress in Concrete from a History Measured Strain. Civil Engineering and Public Works Review. April—June, 1965, pp. 513—517, 692—694, 846—847.
  2. Fifteenth Congress on Large Dams : General Report. Georges Post. Q.56, Lausanne, Switzerland, 1985, pp. 1623—1723.
  3. Rapfael J.M. The Development of Stresses in Shasta Dam. Transactions, American Society of Civil Engineers. 1953, vol. 118 A, p. 289.
  4. Powers T.C. The Physical Structure and Engineering Properties of Concrete. Research and Development Laboratories of P.C.A., Chicago, 1958, Bulletin No. 90, 28 p.
  5. Blinov I.F., Mirzak E.M., Lavrov B.A., Gal’perin I.E. Monitoring of the Concrete Dam of the Boguchany Hydroelectric Station in the Construction Period. Power Technology and Engineering. 1993, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 501—507. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01545368.
  6. Blinkov V.V., Aleksandrovskaya E.K. Kompleks naturnykh issledovaniy vysokikh betonnykh plotin v surovykh klimaticheskikh usloviyakh [Complex of Field Investigations of High Concrete Dams in Harsh Climatic Conditions]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 1974, no. 10, pp. 23—28. (In Russian)
  7. Durcheva V.N., Mayorova M.A. Tenzometricheskie izmereniya svobodnykh deformatsiy betona plotin [Strain Gauge Measurement of Free Deformation of Concrete Dams]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 2002, no. 11, pp. 6—9.
  8. Durcheva V.N. K voprosu o vliyanii zamorozhennogo betona na rabotu gidrotekhnicheskikh sooruzheniy [On the Effect of Frozen Concrete on Waterworks’ Operation]. Trudy koordinatsionnykh soveshchaniy po gidrotekhnike [Works of Coordination Meetings on Hydrotechnics]. 1974, no. 91, pp. 87—91. (In Russian)
  9. Durcheva V.N., Zagryadskiy I.I. Analiz sobstvennykh deformatsiy betona na ekspluatiruemykh plotinakh po dannym naturnykh nablyudeniy [Analysis of the Characteristic Deformations of Concrete in Operating Dams According to Field Observations]. Izvestiya VNIIG im. B.E. Vedeneeva [Proceedings of All-Russian Research and Development Institute of Hydraulic Engineering Named after B.E. Vedeneev]. 2000, vol. 237, pp. 54—62. (In Russian)
  10. Kozlov D.V., Krutov D.A. Naturnye issledovaniya svobodnykh deformatsiy betona v blokakh plotiny Boguchanskogo gidrouzla [Field Investigations of Free Deformation of Concrete Blocks in Boguchansky Hydrosystem Dam]. Vodnye resursy Tsentral’noy Azii [Water Resources of Central Asia]. 2004, no. 1, pp. 88—97. (In Russian)
  11. Kozlov D.V., Krutov D.A. Analysis of Natural Deformations of Concrete According to Data of Field Observations of the Dam of the Boguchanskii Waterworks Facility. Power Technology and Engineering. 2005, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 78—83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10749-005-0029-6.
  12. Durcheva V.N. Naturnye issledovaniya monolitnosti vysokikh betonnykh plotin [Field Investigations of Monolithic High Concrete Dams]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1988, 120 p. (In Russian)
  13. Kozlov D.V., Krutov D.A. Svobodnye temperaturnye deformatsii betona plotiny Boguchanskogo gidrouzla pri deystvii otritsatel’noy temperatury [Free Thermal Deformations of the Concrete of Boguchansky Waterworks Dam under the Action of Negative Temperature]. Problemy nauchnogo obespecheniya razvitiya ekologo-ekonomicheskogo potentsiala Rossii : sbornik nauchykh trudov Vserossiyskoy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii 15—19 marta 2004 g. [Collection of Scientific Works of All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference, March 15—19, 2004 "Problems of Scientific Support for the Development of Ecological and Economic Potential of Russia"]. Moscow, MGUP Publ., 2004, pp. 199—204. (In Russian)
  14. Lyadov Yu.D., Semenenok S.N., Sukhotskaya S.S., Sharkunov S.V. O nadezhnosti betona osnovnykh sooruzheniy Boguchanskoy GES [On the Reliability of Concrete of the Main Structures of the Boguchanskaya HPP]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 1995, no. 5, pp. 22—28. (In Russian)
  15. Otsenka sostoyaniya plotiny Bureyskoy GES po dannym kompleksnykh naturnykh nablyudeniy stroitel’no-ekspluatatsionnogo kontrolya : otchet o NIR. Etap 4 [State Assessment of Bureiskaya HPP Dams According to Comprehensive Field Observations of Construction and Operational Control. Research Report. Step 4]. Saint Petersburg, VNIIG im. B.E. Vedeneeva Publ., 2002, 140 p. (In Russian)
  16. Obosnovanie znacheniy fiziko-mekhanicheskikh kharakteristik na osnove rezul’tatov issledovaniy betona plotiny Boguchanskoy GES : otchet o NIR. Etap 3 [Justification of Physical and Mechanical Properties Values on the Basis of the Results of the Studies of the Boguchanskaya HPP Concrete Dam. Research Report. Step 3]. Moscow, NIIES Publ., 1992, 38 p. (In Russian)
  17. Radkevich D.B. Razvitie kompleksa sredstv kontrolya sostoyaniya gidrotekhnicheskikh sooruzheniy i ikh osnovaniy [Development of Control Devices for Hydraulic Structures and their Foundations]. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Gidroproekta [Collection of the Scientific Papers of Hydroproject]. Moscow, 1982, no. 79, pp. 97—103. (In Russian)
  18. Razrabotka determinirovannykh i smeshannykh matematicheskikh modeley povedeniya plotiny i osnovaniya, obespechivayushchikh uchet rezul’tatov naturnykh nablyudeniy i issledovaniy. Tekhnicheskiy otchet ¹ 349, etap ¹ 3 [Development of deterministic and mixed mathematical behavior models of a dam and its foundation for integrating the results of field observations and investigations. Technical Report ¹349, step 3]. Saint Petersburg, VNIIG im. B.E. Vedeneeva Publ., 1996, 64 p. (In Russian)
  19. Tsarev A.I., Enikeev F.G. O predel’no dopustimykh pokazatelyakh bezopasnoy raboty gidrotekhnicheskikh sooruzheniy [On the Performance Limits of Safe Operation of Hydraulic Structures]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 1981, no. 9, pp. 34—37. (In Russian)
  20. Eydel’man S.Ya., Durcheva V.N. Betonnaya plotina Ust’-Ilimskoy GES [Concrete dam of Ust-Ilim hydroelectric station]. Biblioteka gidrotekhnika i gidroenergetika [Library of Hydraulic Engineer and Hydropower Worker]. Moscow, Energiya Publ., 1981, 136 p. (In Russian)

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Monitoring the concrete-rock contact seam behavior fromthe upstream dam face to ensure the safety of Boguchany concrete dam

Vestnik MGSU 7/2013
  • Vavilova Vera Konstantinovna - TsSGNEO Branch of JSC Institute Hydroproject named after S.Y. Zhuk +7 (495) 158-06-79, TsSGNEO Branch of JSC Institute Hydroproject named after S.Y. Zhuk, 2 Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Yur’ev Sergey Vladimirovich - JSC Institute Hydroproject named after S.Y. Zhuk Chief Design Engineer, JSC Institute Hydroproject named after S.Y. Zhuk, 2 Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 157-166

The authors argue that the attention of designers of concrete dams shall be focused on the concrete dam — rock foundation contact zone. The study of the exposure to the rock mass tensile strength in case of the concrete dam sliding is a relevant problem; its resolution may improve the operation of the whole hydraulic engineering structure. The method of selecting the dam safety criteria based on the field test data and laboratory reservoir impoundment observations is a relevant topic for discussion. If the strength margin value is in place, Russian regulations permit the tensile strength break along the concrete - rock contact line.The team led by Yu. A. Fishman and S.Yu. Roza has for a long time been researching into the problem of the limit state of rock foundations of concrete gravity dams. The study of the rock foundation failure, if exposed to horizontal and vertical loads, was also performed by VNIIG (Vedeneev All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering) and MGSU (Moscow State University of Civil Engineering). Both institutions have discovered that particular attention should be paid to the methodology of identification of shear strength parameters for the analysis of the first limit state to assess the reliability of the concrete dam foundation.The construction of Boguchany HPP plant is close to completion in the KrasnoyarskTerritory. The initial impoundment of the Boguchany reservoir was commenced in April,2012. According to the rock foundation monitoring data, it can be assumed that the behavior of the contact zone exposed to the shear load is in compliance with the pre-set parameters, and it needs further studies to accompany the water level rise. The foundation monitoring data collected in the course of the experiment will let the authors study the behavior of the Boguchany dam to verify the behavior of the dam-rock contact zone exposed to the real conditions of the reservoir impoundment.In the future, the results of these studies will make it possible to establish more precise criteria for the concrete-rock contact zone of the Boguchany dam project.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.7.157-166

References
  1. Kalustyan E.S. Geomekhanika v plotinostroenii [Geomechanics in Dam Engineering]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 2013.
  2. Kalustian E.S et all. Restoration of Workability of “Old Dams.” Montreal, 2003, XXI ICOLD, Q. 82, p. 16.
  3. SP 23.13330.2011. Osnovaniya gidrotekhnicheskikh sooruzheniy [Construction Regulations 23.13330.2011. Rock Foundations of Hydraulic Structures.]. Moscow, 2011.
  4. SNiP 2.06.06—85. Plotiny betonnye i zhelezobetonnye. [Construction Norms and Regulations 2.06.06-85. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Dams]. Moscow, 1996.
  5. Fishman Yu.A. Predel’nye sostoyaniya skal’nykh osnovaniy gravitatsionnykh i arochnykh plotin [Limit States of Rock Foundations of Gravity and Arch Dams]. Trudy Gidroproekta. Sbornik 150. Issledovaniya svoystv skal’nykh porod i massivov v gidrotekhnicheskom stroitel’stve. [Works of Hydroproject Insitute. Collection 150. Study of Properties of Rocks and Rock Massifs in Hydraulic Engineering]. Moscow, Hydroproject Publ., 1993, pp. 5—19.
  6. Lykoshin A.G., Fishman Yu.A., edit. Trudy Gidroproekta. Sbornik 33. Skal’nye osnovaniya gidrotekhnicheskikh sooruzheniy [Works of Hydroproject Institute. Collection 33. Rock Foundations of Hydraulic Engineering Structures]. Moscow, Hydroproject Publ., 1974, 191 p.
  7. Fishman Yu.A. Kriterii soprotivleniya sdvigu i ustoychivosti betonnykh sooruzheniy na skal’nom osnovanii [Criteria of Shearing and Stability Strength of Concrete Structures on Rock Foundations]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering Construction]. 1984, no. 1, pp. 35—37.
  8. Roza S.A. O prirode soprotivleniya sdvigu opytnogo betonnogo shtampa [On the Nature of the Shearing Strength of the Pilot Concrete Stamp]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering Construction]. 1966, no. 7, pp. 34—38.
  9. Otsenka sovremennogo sostoyaniya i svoystv prikontaktnoy zony osnovaniya betonnoy plotiny chislennymi raschetnymi po dannym naturnykh nablyudeniy. Etap 1, 2, 3 [Assessment of the Present-day State and Properties of the Concrete Dam - Rock Foundation Near-contact Zone Using the Numerical Analysis Based on the Field Observations. Stages 1, 2, 3.] Moscow, TsSGNEO Publ., 2011—2013, pp. 3—60.
  10. Patton F. Multiple Modes of Shear Failure in Rock. Lisbon, I Congress of the JSMR, 1966, vol. 1, pp. 509—513.
  11. Serafim F. Rock Mechanics Consideration in the Design of Concrete Dams. Conference on State of Stress in the Larch’s Crust. Santa Monica, California, USA, 1963, pp. 611—645.

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THERMAL REGIME OF MASSIVE CONCRETE DAMS WITH AIR CAVITIES IN THE SEVERE CLIMATE

Vestnik MGSU 12/2012
  • Aniskin Nikolay Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Director of Institute of Hydrotechnical and Energy Construction, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Nguen Hoang - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Hydraulic Engineering Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 212 - 218

Concrete massive head buttress dams and gravity dams with extended air cavities were widely used in the hydraulic engineering of Russia and CIS countries. Most of them were built in the severe climate with low average annual temperatures. These circumstances are to be considered in design of the above structures to contemplate technological and design actions aimed at improvement of the stress state of dams.
The solution to the three-dimensional temperature problem is considered in this paper on the basis of the following example of a dam: the height of a concrete buttress dam is 225.0 meters; it will be built in severe climatic conditions; the average annual temperature is - 8.5 °C; the minimum temperature in winter reaches -33 °C in January (average annual value) with an absolute minimum of -60 °C; the period of negative temperatures continues for 7 months in a year. As a result, the solution to the non-stationary temperature problem using the finite element method consists in the method by virtue of which the temperature field of the analyzed area for any moment in time is calculated on the basis of pre-set values of temperature factors variable over the time.
The thermal regime of the concrete dam with an air cavity can be adjustable by simple structural elements, including a heat-insulating wall and artificial heating of cavities. The required intensity and duration of heating are to be identified. Final conclusions about the most favorable thermal regime pattern will be made upon completion of fundamental calculations of the thermal stress state of the dam to be performed in the next phase of the research.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.212 - 218

References
  1. Protsenko Yu.D. Osobennosti ekspluatatsii massivno-kontrforsnykh plotin v surovykh klimaticheskikh usloviyakh [Operation of Massive Head Buttress Dams in Severe Climatic Conditions]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 1966, no. 9, pp. 33—35.
  2. Teleshev V.I., Semenov N.G. Gidroelektrostantsiya na r. Mamakan [Hydraulic Power Plant on the Mamakan River]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 1968, no. 5, pp. 1—4.
  3. Eydel’man S.Ya. Naturnye issledovaniya plotiny Bratskoy GES [Field Research of the Dam of Bratsk Hydraulic Power Plant]. Leningrad, Energiya Publ., 1968, 253 p.
  4. Kozinets G.L., Vul’fovich N.A., Denisov G.V., Potekhin L.P. Raschetnoe obosnovanie massivnoy gravitatsionnoy plotiny Kankunskoy GES s rasshirennymi polostyami [Analysis of the Massive Gravity Dam of Kankun HPP with Extended Cavities]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 2012, no. 8, pp. 22—25.
  5. Mikheev M.A. Osnovy teploperedachi [Fundamentals of Heat Transfer]. Moscow, Gosenergoizdat Publ., 1956, 292 p.
  6. Plyat Sh.N., Tsybin A.M. Metod rascheta temperatury v zamknutykh polostyakh kontrforsnykh plotin [Method of Temperature Analysis inside Closed Cavities of Buttress Dams]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 1973, no. 11, pp. 27—31.
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  8. Aniskin N.A. Temperaturnyy rezhim gravitatsionnoy plotiny iz ukatannogo betona [Thermal Regime of a Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Gravity Dam]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 2005, no. 12, pp. 13—17.
  9. Aniskin N.A., Nguyen Dang Giang. Prognoz temperaturnogo rezhima betonnykh gravitatsionnykh plotin iz ukatannogo betona [Projecting the Thermal Regime of a Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Gravity Dam]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 2007, no. 12, pp. 8—14.
  10. Orekhov V.G., Tolstikov V.V. Napryazhenno-deformirovannoe sostoyanie betonnoy plotiny Kankunskogo gidrouzla [Stress-deformation State of the Concrete Dam of Kankun HPP]. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel’stvo [Hydraulic Engineering]. 2012, no. 2, pp. 34—42.

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