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ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

Problems of spatial planning and urban development: social-philosophical aspect

Vestnik MGSU 6/2014
  • Mezentsev Sergey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor, Department of History and Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 17-26

The article examines social and philosophical problems of spatial planning and urban development from the 1920's until the present. From the historical point of view there are three phases: the 1920s, 1930-1980s, 1990-2010s. In the 1920s two approaches were used in the development of the country: technical and economic and personalistics. The first meant not only the development of power engineering but also of the economy in the whole country. The second lies in stimulation of active creative work, disclosure of worker’s personal potential. On the one hand, it was turned to economic and technical modernization on the basis of the State Plan of the Electrification of Russia; on the other, it was relied on "diligent farmer". In the 1930-1980s the technical and economic approach was dominating. In the 1990-2010s the market approach was widely extended. According to the latter, the development of the national economy should be executed depending on the law of demand and supply. In Russia the realization of the market economy based on demand and supply was reduced to development of exclusively highly profitable business. In the article the author uses the methods of historical knowledge, analysis and comparison and provides suggestions on solving problems of spatial planning and urban development. Special emphasis is placed on the Soviet experience of the 1920s, when the market relations have not been completely destroyed.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.6.17-26

References
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  6. Morozova N.I. Aktual'noe znachenie sovetskogo opyta territorial'nogo planirovaniya i ratsional'nogo razmeshcheniya proizvodstva [Relevance of the Soviet Experience of the Territorial Planning and Rational Distribution of Production]. Vestnik Astrakhanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika [Bulletin of the Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics]. 2011, no. 1, pp. 12—16.
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  8. Lenin V.I. Rech' pri zakrytii konferentsii 28 maya [Speech on the Conference Closing on May, 28]. Polnoe sobranie sochineniy: v 55 tomakh [Complete Works; in 55 Volumes]. Moscow, Izdatel'stvo politicheskoy literatury Publ., 1970, vol. 43, p. 340.
  9. Stalin I.V. K voprosam agrarnoy politiki v SSSR. Rech' na konferentsii agrarnikovmarksistov 27 dekabrya 1929 g. [To the Questions of Agricultural Policy in USSR. Speech on the Conference of Agriculturists-Marxists on December, 27, 1929]. Sochineniya: v 13 tomakh [Works: in 13 Volumes]. Moscow, Gospolitizdat Publ., 1949, vol. 12, p. 171.
  10. Posokhin M.V., editor. Gradostroitel'stvo SSSR, 1917—1967 [Town-Planning in USSR 1917—1967]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1967, 419 p.
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  18. Polian P.M. Against Their Will: The History and Geography of Forced Migrations in the USSR. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2004, 425 p.
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  25. Mkrtchyan N.V. Tsentro-periferiynye migratsionnye vzaimodeystviya v Tsentral'noy Rossii [Centro-peripheral Migration Cooperation in Central Russia]. Nauchnye trudy: Institut narodnokhozyaystvennogo prognozirovaniya RAN [Scientific Publications: Institute of Economic Prediction of RAS]. Moscow, MAKS Press Publ., 2012, pp. 483—498.
  26. DaVanzo J., Grammih C.A. Dire Demographics: Population Trends in the Russian Federation. Santa Monica, CA, Rand Corporation, 2001, 101 p.
  27. Mkrtchyan N.V. Kto obustroit Rossiyu v usloviyakh dlitel'noy depopulyatsii? [Who Will Develop Russia in Conditions of the Prolonged Depopulation?]. Rossiyskoe ekspertnoe obozrenie [Russian Expert Review]. 2008, no. 1(24), pp. 16—18.

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Retrospective analysis and development prospects for the industrial waste management control systems

Vestnik MGSU 2/2015
  • Vaysman Yakov Iosifovich - Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU) Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Supervisor, Department of Environmental Protection, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU), 29 Komsomol’skiy prospekt, Perm, 614990, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Pugin Konstantin Georgievich - Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Automobiles and Production Machines, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU), 29 Komsomol’skiy prospekt, Perm, 614990, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 70-84

One of the most important issues of our time is the introduction of the resource saving technologies in the manufacturing process. Development and implementation of such technologies are constrained not only by the technical development of the industry, but also by the normative legal aspects of waste production. In order to identify all the significant factors increasing the attractiveness of resource production technologies introduction, it is necessary to examine the changes in the basic principles of the waste management systems in Russia and industrialized countries. The paper presents an analysis of the development of control systems in waste production from the stage of unmanaged education and uncontrolled waste disposal to the environment before transition to resource management. The urgency of the transition to resource management strategies in the field of waste management is discussed. As the best practice waste management deals with the experience of Germany and Austria, where individual integration elements of waste management system are implemented into the overall development strategy of the territory. In particular, it suggests that it is possible to deal more effectively with the strategic objective of minimizing the use of primary resources through better use of the resource potential of waste in the process of comprehensive utilization and recycling, including the sharing of heterogeneous waste. In Russia the implementation of such practices is difficult due to the isolation of Territorial Administration from the businesses located in the area. Basing on the analysis of the systems of waste management the basic requirements for the control system of waste management were set out in order to achieve environmental targets, efficient environmental management and sustainable development of the area. Control systems in waste management must meet the following requirements: be environment-friendly (to ensure an acceptable level of technological environmental load generated during the waste management); preventive (provide conventional hierarchical order of waste management); integrated into the overall strategy for environmentally friendly state and further sustainable socio-economic development of the territory.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.2.70-84

References
  1. 1. Brunner P. The Need for Final Sinks. From Sanitary to Sustainable Landfilling: Why, How, and When? Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Final Sinks. Ed J. Fellner. Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Water Quality, Waste and Resources Management, 23—25 September, 2010, TU Vienna, pp. 1—3.
  2. Cossu R. Role of Landfilling in Solid Waste Management. Sanitary Landfilling: Process, Technology and Environmental Im¬pact. London, Academic Press, 1994, pp. 29—49.
  3. Goran V., Bojan B., Nemanja S., Dejan U. From Landfill to 3R, Pathway in Developed as Well in Developing Countries. From Sanitary to Sustainable Landfilling: Why, How, and When? Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Final Sinks. Ed J. Fellner. Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Water Quality, Waste and Resources Management, 23—25 September, 2010, TU Vienna, p. 77.
  4. Counh R., Trois C. Sustainable Landfilling through CDM Waste Composting in Developing Countries in Africa. From Sanitary to Sustainable Landfilling: Why, How, and When? Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Final Sinks. Ed J. Fellner. Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Water Quality, Waste and Resources Management, 23—25 September, 2010, TU Vienna, pp. 73—76.
  5. Baccini P., Bader H.-P. Regionaler Stoffhaushalt: Erfassung, Bewertung und Steuerung (Regional metabolism: Analysis, Evaluation and Design). Heidelberg, Spektrum Akad. Verl. GmbH, 1996, 420 p.
  6. Baccini P., Brunner P.H. Metabolism of the Anthroposphere: Analysis, Evaluation, Design. MIT Press, 2012, 392 p.
  7. Klee R.J., Graedel T.E. Elemental Cycles: A Status Report on Human or Natural Dominance. Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 2004, vol. 29, pp. 69—107. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.29.042203.104034.
  8. Zinchenko E.A., Ismailov Sh.S. Pravovye osnovy normirovaniya obrashcheniy s opasnymi otkhodami proizvodstva i potre¬bleniya [Legal Foundamentals for Setting the Standards in Dangerous Production and Consumer Waste Management]. Pravovaya kul’tura [Legal Culture]. 2013, no. 1 (14), pp. 142—145. (In Russian)
  9. Lyashenko V.I., Dyadechkin N.I. Razvitie tekhnologiy i tekhnicheskikh sredstv obrashcheniya s otkhodami uranovogo proiz¬vodstva [Development of Technologies and Technical Devices of Uranium Production Waste Management]. Gornyy zhurnal [Mining Journal]. 2013, no. 4, pp. 82—87. (In Russian)
  10. Ponomarev M.V. Tendentsii i perspektivy sovershenstvovaniya zakonodatel’stva v sfere obrashcheniya s otkhodami proiz¬vodstva i potrebleniya [Tendencies and Prospects of Legislation Improvement in the Field of Prodiction and Consumer Waste Man¬agement]. Zhurnal rossiyskogo prava [Journal of Russian Law]. 2013, no. 4 (196), pp. 22—32. (In Russian)
  11. Ibatullin R.U., Ibatullina S.M. Obrashchenie s otkhodami proizvodstva ot optimizatsii deyatel’nosti predpriyatiya k resheniyu strategicheskikh zadach [Production Waste Management from Enterprise Optimization to Solving Strategic Problems]. Ekonomika i upravlenie [Economy and Management]. 2013, no. 4 (114), pp. 81—85. (In Russian)
  12. Panina I.A. Problemy obrashcheniya s otkhodami proizvodstva i potrebleniya v Rossii i opyt Evropeyskogo soyuza [Problems of Production and Consumer Waste Management in Russia and Experience of the European Union]. Vestnik Evraziyskoy akademii administrativnykh nauk [Proceedings of Eurasian Academy of Administrative Sciences]. 2013, no. 3 (24), pp. 129—134. (In Russian)
  13. Oreshkin D.V. Problemy stroitel’nogo materialovedeniya i proizvodstva stroitel’nykh materialov [Problems of Construction Materials Science and Production of Construction Materials]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010, no. 11, pp. 6—9. (In Russian)
  14. Telichenko V.I., Gutenev V.V., Slesarev M.Yu. Podkhody k interpretatsii sistem upravleniya ekologicheskoy bezopasnost’yu v stroitel’stve [Interpretation Approaches of the Control Systems of Ecological Safety in Construction]. Ekologiya urbanizirovannykh territoriy [Ecology of the Urbanized Territories]. 2006, no. 2, pp. 4—12. (In Russian)
  15. Kuznetsov S.N., Volynkina E.P. Integrirovannaya model’ i programma dlya strategicheskogo planirovaniya upravleniya TBO na regional’nom i mestnom urovnyakh [Integrated Model and Program for Strategic Planning of Municipal Solid Waste Manage¬ment on Regional and Local Levels]. Ekologiya i promyshlennost’ Rossii [Ecology and Industry in Russia]. 2014, no. 6, pp. 43—47. (In Russian)
  16. Ulanova O.V., Starostina V.Yu. Kratkiy obzor metoda otsenki zhiznennogo tsikla produktsii i sistem upravleniya otkhodami [Brief Review of Estimation Method for the Life Cyrcle of Products and Waste Management Systems]. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya [Contemporary Problems of Science and Education]. 2012, no. 4. Available at: http://www.science-education.ru/104-6799. (In Russian)
  17. Boravskaya T.V. Reglamentatsiya obrashcheniya s otkhodami v Rossii i OESR [Regulation of Waste Management in Russia and OECD]. Tverdye bytovye otkhody [Municipal Solid Waste]. 2014, no. 6 (96), pp. 35—39. (In Russian)
  18. Boravskaya T.V. Reglamentatsiya obrashcheniya s otkhodami v Rossii i OESR [Regulation of Waste Management in Russia and OECD]. Tverdye bytovye otkhody [Municipal Solid Waste]. 2014, no. 7 (97), pp. 41—44. (In Russian)
  19. Brunner P.H., Rechberge H. Practical Handbook of Material Flow Analysis. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, 2003, 332 p.
  20. Brunner P.H. Reshaping Urban Metabolism. Journal of Industrial Ecology. 2007, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 11—13. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jie.2007.1293.
  21. Brunner P.H. Regionaler Stoffhaushalt: Erfassung, Bewertung, Steuerung [Regional Materials Management: Analysis, Eval¬uation, Control]. Journal of Industrial Ecology. 2000, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 145—146.
  22. Mastellone M.L., Brunner P.H., Arena U. Scenarios of Waste Management for a Waste Emergency Area. Journal of Industrial Ecology Special Issue: Applications of Material Flow Analysis. October 2009, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 735—757.
  23. Pugin K.G. Voprosy ekologii ispol’zovaniya tverdykh otkhodov chernoy metallurgii v stroitel’nykh materialakh [Ecological Issues of Applying Iron Industry Solid Waste in Construction Materials]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012, no. 8, pp. 54—56. (In Russian)
  24. Pugin K.G.,Vaysman Y.I., Potapov A.D., Oreshkin D.V. Development of the Technology of a Simultaneous Untilization of Heterogenous Industrial Wastes for a Construction Materials Production. Modern Applied Science. 2015, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 51—58. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n1p51.
  25. Pugin K.G., Vaysman Y.I. Methodological Approaches to Development of Ecologically Safe Usage Technologies of Ferrous In-dustry Solid Waste Resource Potential. World Applied Sciences Journal. 2013, no. 22, Special Issue on Techniques and Technologies, pp. 28—33. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.22.tt.22135.

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Raising the 3-d blocks production efficiency using expert evaluation

Vestnik MGSU 5/2014
  • Efimenko Anatoliy Zakharovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Technology of Finishing and Isolation Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Grin'ko Boris Grigor'evich - Khoroshevsky Concrete Products Plant DSK-1 chief industrial engineer, Khoroshevsky Concrete Products Plant DSK-1, 3-a, 3 Khoroshevskiy proezd, Moscow, 123007, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 162-169

The method of expert evaluation is used in the cases when there is lack of efficient formalized methods for choosing necessary measures for solving production or scientific problems. In construction industry the field of application of expert evaluation method is quite wide. In the article the method of expert evaluation is described, the data on the peculiarities of producing three-dimensional utility blocks on hypso-cement-trass concretes on the Khoroshevsky Concrete Products Plant DSK-1 is presented. The authors present pall results and expert evaluations on ten-point scale. Expert opinions were processed using mathematical statistics method. The results of statistical indicators calculation is presented and optimal ways of raising the production efficiency for three-dimensional utility blocks are chosen basing on them.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.5.162-169

References
  1. Efimenko A.Z. Upravlenie predpriyatiyami stroyindustrii na osnove informatsionnykh tekhnologiy: monografiya [Management of Construction Industru Enterprises Basing on Information Technologies. Monograph]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009, 304 p.
  2. Kramerov D.V., Efimenko A.Z. Izuchenie proizvodstva neavtoklavnogo gazo-betona na osnove ekspertnykh otsenok [Investigation of Non-autoclaved Aerated Concrete Production Basing on Expert Opinion]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, Special issue, no. 1, pp. 352—356.
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