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SAFETY OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS. GEOECOLOGY

Construction of water intake facilities from partially drying up watercourses

Vestnik MGSU 2/2015
  • Orlov Evgeniy Vladimirovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Scienc- es, Associate Professor, Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Komarov Anatoliy Sergeevich - LLC “GLAKOMRU” Candidate of Technical Sciences, Director General, LLC “GLAKOMRU”, B. Koptevskiy proezd, Moscow, 8105039, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 183-54-56; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Mel’nikov Fedor Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Engineering and Ecological Construction and Mechanization, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499)183-36-29; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Serov Aleksandr Evgen’evich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Engineering and Ecological Construction and Mechanization, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499)183-36-29; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 93-100

Partially ephemeral streams are complex objects that can still be used for water supply or irrigation of agricultural land. The problem of such streams is poorly studied, because the influence of various environmental factors complicates carrying out any experiments. Also it is not possible to make their full classification due to their very strong variability not only on a particular geographical belt, but also within separate areas of the river. All this undoubtedly complicates the task of the designers when designing the system. Creation of laboratory models, allowing us to evaluate the possibilities of a spring use for the purpose of water supply, is very promising. These watercourses have a large amount of suspended sediments, so it is not possible to use the standard scheme of water using of the coastal and fluvial water intake structures. It is proposed to organize the fight with the sediments in the flow chart of primary clarifiers, which will perform the function of settling suspensions, to facilitate the work of water treatment facilities. Also the creation of artificial prop is useful in order to achieve the required level of water in a watercourse for water organization. If under the bottom of the river there is underground water, and the permeability of the soil is good, it is possible to arrange the withdrawal of water through infiltration intakes, by setting the filter under the bottom of the watercourse with its connection to filter, from which the water will climb to submersible pumps. Additional filtration through the soil of the river bottom allows not using the scheme sumps, which significantly reduces the cost of epy incoming water treatment.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.2.93-100

References
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  2. Borovkov V.S., Markova I.M. Vnutriruslovye geoekologicheskie protsessy v vodotokakh na urbanizirovannykh territoriyakh [Under Channel Geo-ecological Processes in Streams in Urban Areas]. Ekologiya urbanizirovannykh territoriy [Ecology of Urbanized Territories]. 2006, no. 1, pp. 12—16. (In Russian)
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  4. Otstavnov A.A., Khar’kin V.A., Orlov V.A. K tekhniko-ekonomicheskomu obosnovaniyu bestransheynogo vosstanovleniya vetkhikh samotechnykh truboprovodov [To Technoeconomic Study of Trenchless Repair of the Old Gravity Pipelines]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2004, no. 4, pp. 30—34. (In Russian)
  5. Isaev V.N. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie aspekty vodosnabzheniya i vodootvedeniya [Socio-economic Aspects of Water Supply and Sewerage]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 8—17. (In Russian)
  6. Orlov V.A. Puti obespecheniya sanitarnoy nadezhnosti vodoprovodnykh setey [Ways to Ensure the Sanitary Safety of Water Supply Networks]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no.1, pp. 181—187. (In Russian)
  7. Vitreshko I.A. Opredelenie poverkhnosti razdela pered vodopriemnikom v vodoeme [Definition of the Boundary Surface before Intake Conduit in the Pond]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 346—348. (In Russian)
  8. Westra J.V., Easter K.W., Olson K.D. Targeting Nonpoint Source Pollution Control: Phosphorus in the Minnesota River Basin. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. Middleburg, Apr. 2002, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 493—505.
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  11. Orlov V.A. Gidravlicheskie issledovaniya i raschet samotechnykh truboprovodov iz razlichnykh materialov [Hydraulic Studies and Calculation of Gravity Pipelines Made of Different Materials]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 2008, no. 8, pp. 45—49. (In Russian)
  12. Kaczor G., Bugajski P. Impact of Snowmelt Inflow on Temperature of Sewage Discharged to Treatment Plants. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2012, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 381—386.
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  14. Khurgin R.E., Orlov V.A., Zotkin S.P., Maleeva A.V. Metodika i avtomatizirovannaya programma opredeleniya koeffitsienta Shezi «S» i otnositel’noy sherokhovatosti «n» dlya beznapornykh truboprovodov [Methodology and Automated Program for Determining the Coefficient of Chezy «C» and Relative Roughness «n» for Non-pressure Pipelines]. Nauchnoe obozrenie [Scientific Review]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 54—60. (In Russian)
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  23. Orlov E.V. Rayony kraynego severa. Osobennosti zabora vody iz poverkhnostnykh istochnikov [The Regions of the far North. Features of Water Withdrawals from Surface Sources]. Tekhnologii mira [Technologies of the World]. 2013, no. 8, pp. 39—42. (In Russian)
  24. Brodach M.M. Zelenoe vodosnabzhenie i vodootvedenie [Green Water Supply and Water Disposal]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2009, no. 4, pp. 6—9. (In Russian)
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PECULIARITIES OF CONSTRUCTION OF WATER INTAKE STRUCTURES IN THE COUNTRIES OF OCEANIA

Vestnik MGSU 5/2013
  • Orlov Evgeniy Vladimirovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Scienc- es, Associate Professor, Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 162-168

The problem of potable water supply is becoming increasingly relevant. This problem is particularly important in the countries of Oceania, where neither surface, nor subterranean water is unavailable due to the harsh terrain and climate. Therefore, construction of marine water intake structures is the only solution. Peculiarities of construction of water intake facilities and their operation in the environment of the Pacific Ocean are considered by the author. The author provides his layout solutions of water intake structures. The author has given up the idea of a water intake facility capable of taking water from the channels because the sand brought by the waves from the bottom may inflow into the water inlet structure. Besides, channels drain in the low tide period; therefore, water intake facilities remain idle.Also, high aggressiveness of the sea water constitutes another problem. The sea water may damage any water intake structure, as some of their elements are made of reinforced concrete, while others are made of steel. Steel corrosion resistance may be improved by alloying additives (chromium, Nickel, copper, etc.), or, alternatively, by a zinc and aluminum coating which must be 120—250 microns thick.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.5.162-168

References
  1. Adamchik M.V. Vse strany mira [All Countries of the World]. Minsk, Kharvest Publ., 2009, 800 p.
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  3. Pugachev E.A., Isaev V.N. Effektivnoe ispol’zovanie vody [Efficient Water Use]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2012, 432 p.
  4. Peter Varbanets M., Zurbr?gg C., Swartz C., Pronk W. Decentralized Systems for Potable Water and the Potential of Membrane Technology. Water Research. 2009, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 245—265.
  5. Pervov A.G., Andrianov A.P., Efremov R.V. A New Solution for Caspian Sea Desalination: Low Pressure Membranes. European Conference on Desalination and the Environment “Fresh Water for All”. Malta, 4-8 May 2003. Desalination. 2003, vol. 157, pp. 377—384.
  6. Vitreshko I.A. Opredelenie poverkhnosti razdela pered vodopriemnikom v vodoeme [Identification of the Boundary Surface Upstream of the Water Inlet Unit inside a Water Body]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 346—348.
  7. Somov M.A., Zhurba M.G. Vodosnabzhenie. T. 1. Sistemy zabora, podachi i raspredeleniya vody [Water Supply. Vol. 1. Systems of Water Intake, Delivery and Distribution]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010, 262 p.
  8. Isaev V.N. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie aspekty vodosnabzheniya i vodootvedeniya [Social and Economic Aspects of Water Supply and Wastewater Removal]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 8—17.
  9. Brodach M.M. Zelenoe vodosnabzhenie i vodootvedenie [Green Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2009, no. 4, pp. 6—10.
  10. Vitreshko I.A. Vodozabornye sooruzheniya [Water Intake Structures]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2009, 80 p.

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