"Вестник МГСУ"

Subject: the treatment of External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) surfaces affected by bio-corrosion takes place as a part of planned or operational maintenance. As part of this process, ambient environments are loaded with running water and detergents that contain heavy metals. The article presents the results of research on reducing the impact of environmental contamination by cleaning and preventive coating of ETICS surfaces with biocides. The paper gives an overview of the problem and new approaches to the treatment of new and renovated buildings. Purposes: at the present time, the maintenance of existing ETICS lacks system solutions, instead using chemical methods for the treatment of contamination by microorganisms. While complete information on environmental impacts is lacking it is necessary to take this into consideration. The cost of renovation, which should include investment for future treatment of ETICS surfaces, is often underestimated. Film preservation biocides contain both algaecides and fungicides. Consequently, ETICS preservation agents in exterior paints and renders represent a potential risk for humans, animals and the wider biological environment and new concepts underlying more sustainable approaches are required. Materials and methods: the research was based on an evaluation of existing technologies for eliminating microorganisms from the ETICS surfaces and an analysis of their environmental effects. The aim was to find optimal operational and planned ETICS maintenance approaches that minimise negative environmental effects. Results: environmentally-friendly approaches were identified and a new leaching system for safe dewatering was designed. These approaches differ according to their suitability for periodic or operational maintenance. Conclusions: there is a wide range of materials used for ETICS finishes. It is important to consider the reliability and maintainability of the construction across the entire life cycle of a building. Operation and maintenance should be a significant element of the life-cycle cost of a building. The removal of bio corrosion coatings from ETICS structures by means of chemical and preservative substances (biocides) is currently the most-used and only effective technology. The uncontrolled release of applied chemicals is unacceptable. A system designed for collecting wastewater from the cleaned surface is considered an effective means of reducing the deleterious effects of biocidal substances on the environment. The safe dewatering of chemicals leached from the surface of the facade is presented by a drain system designed in accordance with the building type, use and age.

Modern intensive development of precast-cast-in-place construction has led to creation of a wide range of various constructive systems of buildings during the last 100 years. They allow constructing buildings with best account of the requirements of functionality, architectural expressiveness, production possibilities of construction companies, etc. However in spite of this development both precast and cast-in-place housing construction has its peculiarities, positive and negative ones. The constructive systems of precast monolithic buildings existing at the moment are based on the required mutual deformation of prefabricated reinforced and cast iron reinforced concrete at the stage of a building construction and at the stage of its use as well. Having refused from this rule, the authors of this article have introduced a constructive system of a precast monolithic building able to bear loads, developing at the stage of erection (due to completion of a precast frame) and at the stage of use (due to completion of a precast monolithic frame). The offered construction of a precast monolithic building frame allows efficiently using the advantages of precast and cast-in-place construction minimizing their disadvantages and it also fully corresponds to the obligatory requirements to buildings. The corresponding patents are obtained.

The article covers the importance of environmental assessments of building materials. Magnesium binding materials were selected as the subject of the environmental analysis. The water resistance of these materials is regarded as one of environmental criteria. Thus, the purpose of this paper is an assessment of the life cycle of additives proposed to improve the water resistance of magnesium binding materials. Redispersible polymer powder based on the copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinilversatata, polyvinyl acetate dispersion, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, oxalic acid, chrysotile asbestos, modified using concentrated sulfuric acid and micro-silica were selected for research purposes.The following findings have been generated in the course of the research:1. Correlation between the environmental assessment of the application of modifiers with the strength test results of caustic magnesite samples in dry and saturated states is identified.2. Organic additives classified as producing an unsatisfactory environmental impact do not significantly affect the water resistance of the caustic magnesite sample.3. Oxalic acid, chrysotile asbestos modified using sulfuric acid and micro-silica are acceptable for magnesium binding materials in terms of their environmental analysis.4. Micro-silica is the additive that demonstrates the best properties both in terms of its environmental analysis and in terms of improving the water resistance of magnesium binding materials.5. Environmental analysis of the life cycle of modifiers can be recommended as an important stage in the planning of experiments aimed at improvement of properties of building materials.

The monitoring procedure is an integral part for tracking the results of tendering. It’s also necessary for patterns’ identification to make subsequent legislative adjustments. This article includes the Western experience analysis of the state contracts’ tracking with underlining of its main features. The U.S. Federal contract system includes the Act called «The Office of the U.S. state order», which was adopted in 1974. The Act requires creating a system for collecting information about federal government contracts. It is OMB’s obligation. Federal data bank of the state order was created in 1978. The control system of public procurement procedures, serving in Germany, meets the requirements of the EU, but has certain specifics. All the organizations, which are equated to government customers in accordance with the definition of the European Union, are in the sphere of public procurement procedures’ control system. Thus, the state customer is also a number of private entities. The control system includes two instances: 1) the appellate court, which exists in the form of an independent institution; 2) the court, which exists in the form of a judicial authority. The governmental experts’ and scientists’ organization called “State orders forum” is very effective and popular in Germany. Its members exchange their opinions on new developments in public procurement within the country and abroad. The article includes the analysis of the existing public orders monitoring procedures. Also the laws of procurement implementation, which exists at the stage of bidding and contractual obligations, are highlighted in the article. The consequences of ignoring the existing problems of public order in Russia are systematized. The main drawbacks of the state order control system are identified. In this article the existing public systems of the state order monitoring in Russia are inventoried. The requirement of cardinal processing the format and scope of the information is provided. Also the rules, which should serve as a new base for the state order controlling system, are formulated. What is more, the article includes the Moscow Construction Department as an example of the system tracking the procurement procedures. We offer a hypothetical model of the state order economic examination, based on the resulting data rates: price reduction in tendering; the number of participants in the tendering; execution of the contract term; life cycle costs; the quality of products; the presence of documented violations. Each indicator is assigned an importance factor in achieving the overall efficiency, which is defined by experts with the participation of government customers’. Determination of the complex efficiency index occurs by summing the obtained parameters. The results are obtained. The conclusions are formulated. Thus, the vector of the state order analysis direction from monitoring data to the hypothetical model of efficiency examination is defined.

The objective of this scientific research is to develop a theoretical model of organizational and technology-related processes of reorganization of industrial enterprises, as well as their interaction. Multipoint logic notions of growth and interaction phases are used as research methods. The author describes the basic stages of reorganization, the life cycle of industrial enterprises and the cycle of their transformation. The processes are presented as an infographical image that represents a concentric model of interaction. This concentric model represents interaction between two or more phases. The process is entitled infografical modeling on the polyfunctional level. The concentric model moves both clockwise and anti-clockwise. Basic organizational and technological processes of reorganization of industrial enterprises that include decision making in terms of expediency of reorganization, design, construction, and performance of industrial enterprises at full capacity, and further operation of the industrial enterprise are described in the paper. Attainment of this objective, namely, reorganization of an industrial enterprise, involves a huge amount of resources, including labour resources that need interaction with all parties of reorganization; therefore, the concentric model of interaction describing the basic cycle of reorganization, the life cycle of an industrial enterprise and the cycle of its conversion is a trustworthy representation of this process. The proposed concentric model of interaction should be used in the design of organizational and technology-related processes for integrated consideration of reorganization of enterprises required to understand and improve the efficiency of reorganizations and to control the reorganization of industrial facilities.

The author considers the potential of information models of buildings exemplified by the application
of Allplan technologies. Consecutive stages of research and problems under consideration
are described. The efficiency of different tools and approaches are discussed.
At the first stage, standard Allplan tools are analyzed. At the second stage, the problem of
integration and interoperability of different software programmes is analyzed. At the third stage,
the attempt to further the functional capabilities of the software programme by developing supplementary
plug-ins is made. At the fourth stage, compilation of electronic passports of buildings is
considered. The article deals with the prospects for the development of the information technology
of building models.

The objective of this scientific research is application of the basic model of interaction between phases of a cycle of reorganization of organizational and technological processes underway at industrial enterprises.
The authors describe interactions between all six phases of the process of reorganization within the framework of the basic model of a cycle that contemplates organizational and technological processes.
Engineering studies are necessary to check for the feasibility of reorganization of industrial enterprises and application of results extracted from the design documentation with a view to reorganization of production activities and construction operations. Upon completion of the decision-making process concerning the need for reorganization in accordance with the basic model of interaction between phases, there occurs restructuring that incorporates processes of design and construction. The authors have demonstrated that reorganization of the basic model cycle should be used in the design of organizational and technological processes with a view to the integrated consideration of reorganization of enterprises in order to comprehend and improve the efficiency of reorganization at each stage, as well as the control over the reorganization of a construction facility.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the existing approaches to innovations evaluation in international and Russian practice. The authors examine the nature of the concept of “innovation”, especially innovation projects, methodological tools to measure various objects’ innovativeness level as well as innovative project economic efficiency assessing methods. It should be noted that at the legislative level up to date in the process of formation and implementation of capital construction projects there are no eligible requirements and assistance from public authorities to the developer for creating innovative products, providing the appropriate level of services. And if the financial indicators of the project are more or less clear, the level of innovativeness of them is much more complicated, although the requirements on the innovativeness of the projects are included in the Strategy of innovative development of Russia. The analysis shows that in Russian and international practice there are many approaches to assessing innovations, but they cannot be considered universal and they are applied differentially depending on the goals and tasks of applying the results of scientific achievements in the form of intellectual property to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of industries, products, services. In this case individual, specific evaluation method is selected and implemented basing on taking into account all the legal, economic, technical and other aspects. As a result, the author concluded that the innovativeness level rating requires development, which is in its analytical capabilities to provide flexible management tool, which can be applied at all the stages of the investment and construction project life cycle.

Accurate and adequate description of external influences and of the bearing capacity of the structural material requires the employment of the probability theory methods. In this regard, the characteristic that describes the probability of failure-free operation is required. The characteristic of reliability means that the maximum stress caused by the action of the load will not exceed the bearing capacity.
In this paper, the author presents a solution to the problem of calculation of structures, namely, the identification of reliability of pre-set design parameters, in particular, cross-sectional dimensions. If the load distribution pattern is available, employment of the regularities of distributed functions make it possible to find the pattern of distribution of maximum stresses over the structure.
Similarly, we can proceed to the design of structures of pre-set rigidity, reliability and stability in the case of regular load distribution. We consider the element of design (a monolithic concrete slab), maximum stress which depends linearly on load . Within a pre-set period of time, the probability will not exceed the values according to the Poisson law.
The analysis demonstrates that the variability of the bearing capacity produces a stronger effect on relative sizes of cross sections of a slab than the variability of loads. It is therefore particularly important to reduce the coefficient of variation of the load capacity. One of the methods contemplates the truncation of the bearing capacity distribution by pre-culling the construction material.

The article deals with the main principles, concepts, terms that characterize the scientific approach to the formation of a safe and comfortable living environment on the basis of the development and wide application of the sustainable development principles in urban development practice. Definitions of the basic concepts related to the tasks of developing green technologies of the living environment are proposed. The purpose of the study is to select methodological tools for creating a national system of green standardization and certification of urban development objects. This requires technical regulation and standardization; analysis and management of object life cycles; integrated safety, building materials science; energy efficiency and energy saving; development and application of green standards; BIM-technology; rating systems of green certification; construction systems. It is established that the main characteristics that define the “green technologies” concept are energy efficiency, safety, non-wasting, comfort. The factors preventing the achievement of the stated purposes are shown. Positive shifts in this direction and examples of practical implementation of voluntary certification systems for urban development projects have been noted.

Introduction. An approach to the development of the organizational-technological model of the life cycle of a medical facility building is presented. Buildings of medical organizations have a number of features in the design, construction and operation. The buildings of nuclear medicine are subject to particularly high requirements of radiation and fire safety. Materials and methods. To organize the design, construction and maintenance of medical buildings, it is advisable to create and develop an organizational and technological model of the medical building life cycle. Such model was created by the author in the form of a business processes sequence. Confirmation of the effectiveness of the model is carried out with the help of multi-criteria expert evaluation. Results. To solve this problem, it is proposed a number of changes in the order of the investment project carrying. A new element is the Preliminary justification of the requirements for the health facility. It should become a mandatory document when obtaining a town-planning plan of the ground area, which is in Russia a de facto permission to design. It is also proposed to prepare technical requirements of three levels. The first level requirements are used for pre-design stage procedures. The requirements of the second level are included in the medical and technical design assignment. The requirements of the third level are applied to the detailed design, as well as to the construction and maintenance of the facility. Requirements are included in the requirement system and must be checked at key stages of the project. At the preliminary project phase, it is also advisable to make a technical and economic calculation with the justification of the main technical solutions and technical and economic indicators. This document should also include a project management plan. New elements are included in organizational and technological models of different stages of the object life cycle. Conclusions. On the basis of the developed model, it is proposed to make adjustments to the normative guideline used in the construction management. For example, it is necessary to make mandatory documents of the pre-design stage. These works have to be paid by investor therefore the standard of design cost has to be increased.