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REMOTE MEASUREMENT OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF TERRITORIES BY THE UNMANNED DOSIMETRIC SYSTEM

Vestnik MGSU 4/2012
  • Kaliberda Inna Vasil'evna - NTC Energobezopasnost" [Scientific and Technical Centre for Power Safety] Doctor of Technical Sciences, Deputy Director, +7(495) 787-42-20, NTC Energobezopasnost" [Scientific and Technical Centre for Power Safety], Building 1, 2 Krasnobogatyrskaya Str., Moscow, 107564, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Bryukhan' Fedor Fedorovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences, +7 (495) 922-83-19, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 186 - 194

Radiation emissions within territories that accommodate nuclear power facilities are monitored by stationary gamma radiation measuring systems. Any facilities that may contemplate the hazard of radioactive emissions must meet the safety requirements both in terms of normal conditions of their operation and in case of accidents. Thus, radioactive materials now in use must comply with strict rules.
The account for and control of radioactive materials, their proper application, compliance with the rules and security measures minimize their impact on the environment. However, the loss of professional control over the above materials (various emergencies, losses in the course of transportation, plunders) may involve serious consequences.
One of the most effective ways of reconnaissance of territories exposed to radioactive contamination to assure the search for the sources of radionuclides represents remote measurement of surface gamma radiation performed by radiation meters installed on unmanned airborne vehicles (UMAV). The main advantage of UMAV is that it may be used as the carrier of radiation meters. In addition to the gamma radiation meter, the system can take a video of different sources of hazards.
The article demonstrates the results of tests of the unmanned radiation meter designated for remote sensing of the surface gamma radiation. The option of assessment of the intensity of the radiation and the concentrations of radionuclide fields is considered. It is noteworthy that the technology of remote scanning of the area can also be used for environmental surveying, technical inspection of structures and buildings, fire detection, photography of high-voltage lines and other facilities located in remote areas.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.4.186 - 194

References
  1. Kettunen M., Nikinen M. Gammajet Fixed-Wind Gamma Survey for the Detection of Radioactive Materials: Finnish Support to IAEA. STUK-YTO-TR 185, Helsinki, 2002, 38 p.
  2. Vasilin N.Ya. Bespilotnye letatel'nye apparaty [Unmanned Airborne Vehicles]. Minsk, Popurri Publ., 2003, 269 p.
  3. Elokhin A.P., Safonenko V.A., Pchelintsev A.V. and others. Metod distantsionnogo opredeleniya kontsentratsii radionuklidov v vozdushnom vybrose radiatsionno opasnykh predpriyatiy [Method of Remote Identification of Radionuclide Concentrations in Air Emissions of Enterprises That Are Hazardous for Radiation Emissions]. Ekologicheskie sistemy i pribory [Ecological Systems and Devices]. 2007, no. 5, pp. 9—15.
  4. Elokhin A.P., Safonenko V.A., Ulin S.E. and others. Primenenie bespilotnogo dozimetricheskogo kompleksa dlya opredeleniya kontsentratsii radionuklidov v atmosfere v usloviyakh radiatsionnykh avariy [Use of Unmanned Radiation Meters to Identify the Concentration of Radionuclides in the Atmosphere in the Event of Radiation Accidents]. Yadernye izmeritel'no-informatsionnye tekhnologii [Nuclear Measurement and Information Technologies]. 2007, No. 3 (23), pp. 28—34.
  5. Report of the scientific research project implemented under State Contract no. 41-GK/2007 of 14.09.2007. Register No 0120.0800604. Development of the model of an unmanned radiation meter for comprehensive monitoring of nuclear facilities and the neighbouring territories, as well as the identification of concentrations of radioactive gas-aerosol admixtures, emitted into the atmosphere in the aftermath of a radiation accident at radiation intensive facilities. Moscow, FGU «NTC Energobezopasnost», 2007.
  6. Certificate of approval of measuring instruments. Moscow, the RF Committee for Standardization, 2003.
  7. Beschastnov S.P., Naydenov A.V. Diffuzionnye modeli strui gazoaerozol'noy primesi dlya lokal'nykh sistem radiatsionnogo monitoringa [Diffusion Models of a Gas-aerosol Admixture Stream for Local Radiation Monitoring Systems]. Atomnaya energiya [Atomic Energy]. 2000, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 464—470.

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SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR STATISTICAL PROCESSING OF UPPER-AIR DATA DESIGNATED FOR ASSESSMENT OF CONDITIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION AS PART OF GEOECOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTION OF NUCLEAR AND THERMAL POWER PLANTS

Vestnik MGSU 2/2012
  • Alduhov Oleg Aleksandrovich - Russian Institute for Hydrometeorological Information - World Data Center (RIHMI-WDC) Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Senior Research Fellow 8 (48439) 74-604, Russian Institute for Hydrometeorological Information - World Data Center (RIHMI-WDC), 6 Koroleva Str., Obninsk City, Kaluga Region, Russia, 249020; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Brjuhan' Аndrej Fedorovich - OOO GrafProektStroyIziskaniya Candidate of Technical Sciences, Chief Project Engineer 8 (495) 637-67-71, OOO GrafProektStroyIziskaniya, Fabrichnaya Str., Schelkovo, Moscow Region, 141100, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 188 - 192

Investigation of the atmospheric dispersion as part of the process of selection of sites to accommodate nuclear and thermal power plants is performed to identify concentration fields of emissions and to assess the anthropogenic impact produced on the landscape components and human beings. Scattering properties of the atmospheric boundary layer are mainly determined by the turbulence intensity and the wind field. In its turn, the turbulence intensity is associated with the thermal stratification of the boundary layer. Therefore, research of the atmospheric dispersion is reduced to the study of temperature and wind patterns of the boundary layer. Statistical processing and analysis of the upper-air data involves the input of the data collected by upper-air stations. Until recently, the upper-air data covering the standard period between 1961 and 1970 were applied for these purposes, although these data cannot assure sufficient reliability of assessments in terms of the properties of the atmospheric dispersion. However, recent scientific and technological developments make it possible to substantially increase the data coverage by adding the upper-air data collected within the period between 1964 and 2010. The article has a brief overview of BL_PROGS, a specialized software package designated for the processing of the above data. The software package analyzes the principal properties of the atmospheric dispersion. The use of the proposed software package requires preliminary development of a database that has the information collected by an upper-air station. The software package is noteworthy for the absence of any substantial limitations imposed onto the amount of the input data that may go up in proportion to the amount of the upper-air data collected by upper-air stations.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.2.188 - 192

References
  1. VSN 34 72.111—92. Inzhenernye izyskanija dlja proektirovanija teplovyh jelektricheskih stancij. [Engineering Survey for the Design of Thermal Power Plants]. Moscow, Mintopjenergo RF, 1992, 121 p.
  2. Osnovnye trebovanija po sostavu i ob#emu izyskanij i issledovanij pri vybore punkta i ploschadki AS (SPPNAJe—87, p. 4.1) [Basic Requirements for the Composition and Volume of Engineering Survey and Research in Nuclear Stations Siting]. Moscow, Minatomjenergo SSSR, 1987, 93 p.
  3. Brjuhan' F.F., Ivanov V.N. Konceptual'naja shema ajerometeorologicheskih issledovanij pri vybore punkta i ploschadki atomnyh stancij [The Conceptual Scheme of Aerometeorological Investigation in Selecting of the Area of Nuclear Power Plants Siting]. Trudy IJeM. 1992, Issue # 55 (155), pp. 3—12.
  4. Atmospheric Dispersion in Nuclear Power Plant Siting: A Safety Guide. IAEA Safety series. # 50-SG-S3, Vienna, IAEA, 1980, 108 p.
  5. Sokolov Yu.Yu. Arhiv srochnyh ajerologicheskih dannyh v pogranichnom sloe na ML ES JeVM [Current Upper-Air Data Archive in the Boundary Layer on the Magnetic Tapes of ES Computers]. Trudy VNIIGMI-MCD, 1987, Issue # 140, pp. 48—55.
  6. Rudenkova T.V. Format arhivacii tekuschih ajerologicheskih dannyh, postupajuschih po kanalam svjazi dlja PJeVM [An Archiving Format of the Current Upper-Air Data Received Via the Communication Channels for PCs]. Trudy VNIIGMI-MCD, 2010, Issue # 174, pp. 41—63.
  7. Alduchov O.A., Eskridge R.E. Complex Quality Control of Upper Air Parameters at Mandatory and Significant Levels for the CARDS Dataset: NCDC Report, Asheville (NC), 1996, 151 pp.

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CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSIONAT THE CONSTRUCTION SITE OF NIZHEGORODSKAYA NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

Vestnik MGSU 1/2013
  • Bryukhan’ Andrey Fedorovich - GrafProektStroyIzyskaniya Limited Liability Company +7 (495) 637-67-71, GrafProektStroyIzyskaniya Limited Liability Company, 1 Fab- richnaya Str., Schelkovo, Moscow Region, 141100, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 116-124

A study of the climatic conditions of the atmospheric dispersion has been performed within the framework of a hydrometeorological survey of the site of Nizhegorodskaya NPP (Navashino district, Nizhny Novgorod Region).According to the findings of annual synchronous observations performed at the NPP site and at the principal aerological station of Nizhny Novgorod in the median months of seasons, as well as the climatic data analysis over the region, representativeness of data generated at the principal station in relation to the NPP site data has been identified. In particular, it is proven that components of the wind velocity vector at the site and at the principal aerological station differ insignificantly. Analyses of characteristics of the atmospheric dispersion using relevant aerological data covering the period of 47 years (January 1964 to December 2010), as well as analyses of the climatic field of the meteorological dilution factor in the normal mode of operation of a separate power unit have been performed.The author has found that the approach to the study of the atmospheric dispersion is also applicable to the positioning and design of thermal power plants.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.1.116-124

References
  1. SPPNAE—87. p. 4.1. Osnovnye trebovaniya po sostavu i ob”emu izyskaniy i issledovaniy pri vybore punkta i ploshchadki AS [Summarized List and Plan for Development of Rules and Regulations in Nuclear Energy — 87, Chapter 4.1. Basic Requirements for the Composition and Volume of Engineering Surveys and Researches concerning the Siting of Nuclear Power Plants]. Moscow, Minatomenergo SSSR [Ministry of Atomic Energy of the USSR]. 1987, 93 p.
  2. Atmospheric Dispersion in Nuclear Power Plant Siting: A Safety Guide. IAEA Safety Series, no. 50-SG-S3. Vienna, IAEA, 1980, 108 p.
  3. Dispersion of Radioactive Material in Air and Water and Consideration of Population Distribution in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Power Plants. IAEA Safety Series, no. NS-G-3.2. Vienna, IAEA, 2002, 32 p.
  4. Bryukhan’ F.F., Ivanov V.N. Kontseptual’naya skhema aerometeorologicheskikh issledovaniy pri vybore punkta i ploshchadki atomnykh stantsiy [Conceptual Framework of Aero-meteorological Research into Siting of Nuclear Power Plants]. Trudy IEM [Proceedings of the Institute of Experimental Meteorology]. Moscow, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1992, no. 55(155), pp. 3—12.
  5. Aldukhov O.A., Bryukhan’ A.F. Paket programm statisticheskoy obrabotki aerologicheskikh dannykh dlya otsenki usloviy atmosfernoy dispersii pri geoekologicheskom obosnovanii stroitel’stva AES i TES [Software Package for Statistical Processing of Upper-air Data Designated for Assessment of Conditions of Atmospheric Dispersion as Part of Geoecological Justification of Construction of Nuclear and Thermal Power Plants]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 2, pp. 188—192.
  6. VSN 34 72.111—92. Inzhenernye izyskaniya dlya proektirovaniya teplovykh elektricheskikh stantsiy [Institutional Building Codes 34 72.111—92. Engineering Survey for the Design of Thermal Power Plants]. Mintopenergo Rossii [Ministry of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation]. Moscow, 1992, 121 p.

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