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GENERAL PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION-RELATED SCIENCES AND OPERATIONS.UNIFICATION AND STANDARDIZATION IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

COMPARISON OF RELIABILITY LEVELS PROVIDED BY THE EUROCODES AND STANDARDSOF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

Vestnik MGSU 2/2013
  • Nadol’skiy Vitaliy Valer’evich - Belarusian National Technical University (BNTU) master of sciences, assistant lecturer, Department of Metal and Timber Structures; +375 259 997 991, Belarusian National Technical University (BNTU), 65 prospekt Nezavisimosti, Minsk, 220013, Republic of Belarus; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Holický Milan - Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU) Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Deputy Director, Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), Solinova 7, 166 08, Prague 6, Czech Republic; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sýkora Miroslav - Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU) Doctor of Philosophy, researcher; +420 2 2435 3850, Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), Solinova 7, 166 08, Prague 6, Czech Republic; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 7-21

Comparison of reliability levels of steel structures designed according to the Eurocodes and to the standards of the Republic of Belarus is provided . The main differences between the basic principles of both standards (such as load combinations, the system of partial factors) with a particular focus on design of steel structures are demonstrated. The main parameters characterizing load effects and resistances are compared on the general level. Probabilistic models of basic variables are adjusted to relevant conditions of the Republic of Belarus. In the numerical example, reliability of steel elements is analysed for different combinations of permanent and variable actions . It appears that the standards of the Republic of Belarus assure a lower reliability level than the Eurocodes (reliability indices ranging between 2.0 and 3.5). The main reason for this difference is attributed to the specification of design values of permanent and variable loads. As for both systems of standards under consideration, the reliability of structures exposed to the snow load is significantly lower than the reliability of structures exposed to other types of the load; therefore, further harmonization is required. Further studies concerning more complicated structural elements made of various steel grades are needed.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.2.7-21

References
  1. TKP EN 1993-1-1:2009. Evrokod 3. Proektirovanie stal’nykh konstruktsiy. Chast’ 1-1. Obshchie pravila i pravila dlya zdaniy. [EN 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures. Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings] Minsk, STROYTECHNORM Publ., 2009.
  2. SNiP II-23-81. Stal’nye konstruktsii [Construction Norms and Rules II-23—81. Steel Structures]. Moscow, Gosstroy Publ., 1991.
  3. SNiP 2.01.07-85. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya [Construction Norms and Rules 2.01.07-85. Loads and Actions]. Moscow, Gosstroy Publ., 1999.
  4. TKP EN 1990:2011. Evrokod. Osnovy proektirovaniya konstruktsiy [EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design]. Minsk, STROYTECHNORM Publ., 2011.
  5. GOST 27772—88. Prokat dlya stroitel’nykh stal’nykh konstruktsiy. Obshchie tekhnicheskie usloviya [State Standards 27772—88. Rolled Products for Steel Structures. General Specifications].
  6. Posobie po proektirovaniyu stal’nykh konstruktsiy (k SNiP II-23—81* «Stal’nye konstruktsii») [Handbook of Design of Steel Concrete Structures (based on Construction Norms and Rules II-23—81*. Steel Structures)]. Moscow, TsNIISK im. Kucherenko Publ., 1989, 148 p.
  7. Turkstra C.J. Theory of Structural Design Decisions. SM Studies Series no. 2. Ontario, Canada. Solid Mechanics Division, University of Waterloo, 1970.
  8. Holick? M. and Retief J.V. Reliability Assessment of Alternative Eurocode and South African Load Combination Schemes for Structural Design. Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, vol. 47, no. 1, 2005, pp. 15—20.
  9. Gulvanessian H. and Holicky M. Eurocodes: Using Reliability Analysis to Combine Action Effects. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers Structures & Buildings. August 2005, vol. 158, no. SB4, pp. 243—252.
  10. GOST27751—88 Nadezhnost’ stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy i osnovaniy. Osnovnye polozheniya po raschetu [State Standard 27751—88. Reliability of Structures and Foundation Soils. Principal Provisions for Analysis].
  11. STB EN 1991-1-1:2007. Evrokod 1. Vozdeystviya na nesushchie konstruktsii. Chast’ 1-1. Udel’nyy ves, postoyannye i vremennye nagruzki na zdaniya. [EN 1991-1-1 Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures. Part 1-1: General Actions. Densities, Self-weight, Imposed Loads for Buildings]. Minsk, STROYTECHNORM Publ., 2007.
  12. TKP EN 1991-1-3:2009. Evrokod 1. Vozdeystviya na konstruktsii. Chast’ 1-3. Obshchie vozdeystviya. Snegovye nagruzki [EN 1991-1-3 Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures. Part 1-3: General Actions. Snow Loads]. Minsk, STROYTECHNORM Publ., 2009.
  13. Izmenenie ¹1 SNiP 2.01.07—85 «Nagruzki i vozdeystviya» [CHANGES ¹1 to Construction Norms and Rules 2.01.07—85. Loads and Actions]. Minsk, Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus, 2004.
  14. Tur V.V., Markovskiy D.M. Kalibrovka znacheniy koeffitsientov sochetaniy dlya vozdeystviy pri raschetakh zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy v postoyannykh i osobykh raschetnykh situatsiyakh [Calibration of Load Combination Factors Used in Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures in Persistent and Accidental Design Situations]. Stroitel’naya nauka i tekhnika [Construction Science and Machinery]. 2009, ¹ 2(23), pp. 32—48.
  15. Tur V.V. Obespechenie nadezhnosti stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy v svete trebovaniy evropeyskikh i natsional’nykh normativnykh dokumentov po proektirovaniyu [Assurance of Reliability of Building Structures in the Context of Requirements of European and National Design Standards]. Perspektivy razvitiya novykh tekhnologiy v stroitel’stve i podgotovke inzhenernykh kadrov: sbornik nauchnykh statey. [Prospects for Development of New Technologies in the Construction Industry and Training of Engineers: Collection of Research Papers]. Grodno, GrGU Publ., 2010, pp. 480—497.
  16. Markovskiy D.M. Kalibrovka znacheniy parametrov bezopasnosti zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy s uchetom zadannykh pokazateley nadezhnosti [Calibration of Safety Parameters for Reinforced Concrete Structures based on the Target Reliability Indices]. Brest, 2009.
  17. TKP EN 1991-1-4:2009. Evrokod 1. Vozdeystviya na konstruktsii. Chast’ 1-4. Obshchie vozdeystviya. Vetrovye vozdeystviya. [EN 1991-1-4 Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures. Part 1-4: General Actions. Wind Actions]. Minsk, STROYTECHNORM Publ., 2009.
  18. Archives of meteorological observations at meteorological stations in Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Poland and the Baltic States. Available at: http://pogoda.by/zip. Date of access: 20.02.2012.
  19. S?kora M., Holick? M. Comparison of Load Combination Models for Probabilistic Calibrations. In Faber M.H., K?hler J., Nishijima K. (eds.). Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering. ICASP11, 1-4 August, 2011, ETH Zurich, Switzerland. Leiden, the Netherlands, Taylor & Francis/Balkema, 2011, pp. 977—985.
  20. JCSS Probabilistic Model Code, Zurich. Joint Committee on Structural Safety, 2001. Available at: www.jcss.byg.dtu.dk.
  21. Eurocode 3. Editorial Group Background Documentation to Eurocode No. 3 Design of Steel Structures Part 1. General Rules and Rules for Buildings, Background Document for Chapter 5 of Eurocode 3, Document 5.01, 1989.
  22. Rayzer V.D. Metody teorii nadezhnosti v zadachakh normirovaniya raschetnykh parametrov stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy [Methods of the Reliability Theory Applicable to Problems of Standardization of Design Parameters of Building Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1986, 192 p.
  23. Bulychev A.P. Vremennye nagruzki na nesushchie konstruktsii zdaniy torgovli [Temporary Loads on Bearing Structures of Retail Stores]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Structural Mechanics and Analysis of Structures]. 1989, no. 3, pp. 57—59.
  24. Gordeev V.N. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Actions on Buildings and Structures]. Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F., Perel’muter A.V., editor. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2007, 482 p.
  25. Holicky M., Sykora M. Partial Factors for Light-Weight Roofs Exposed to Snow Load. Bris R., Guedes Soares C., Martorell S., editors. Supplement to the Proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference ESREL 2009. Prague, Czech Republic, 7—10 September 2009. Ostrava: V?B Technical University of Ostrava, 2009, p. 23—30.

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СOMPARISON OF RELIABILITY LEVELS PROVIDED BY THE EUROCODES АND STANDARDSOF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Vestnik MGSU 6/2013
  • Nadolski Vitaliy Valer’evich - Belarusian National Technical University (BNTU) master of sciences, assistant lecturer, Department of Metal and Timber Structures; +375 259 997 991, Belarusian National Technical University (BNTU), 65 prospekt Nezavisimosti, Minsk, 220013, Republic of Belarus; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Holický Milan - Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU) Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Deputy Director, Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), Solinova 7, 166 08, Prague 6, Czech Republic; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sýkora Miroslav - Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU) Doctor of Philosophy, researcher; +420 2 2435 3850, Klokner Institute, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), Solinova 7, 166 08, Prague 6, Czech Republic; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Tur Viktor Vladimirovich - Brest State Technical University (BSTU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Technology of Concrete and Construction Materials, Brest State Technical University (BSTU), 267 Moskovskaya st., Brest, 224017, Belarus; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 7-20

In the article, the authors compare the levels of reliability of steel structures designed according to the Eurocodes and the standards of the Russian Federation. Major differences between basic principles of both standards (such as load combinations, the system of partial factors) with a particular focus on design of steel structures are described. The main parameters characterizing load effects and resistances are compared in general. In the numerical example, the reliability of generic steel members is analysed for different combinations of permanent and variable actions. It appears that in most cases standards of the Russian Federation assure a lower reliability level than the Eurocodes. The main reason for this difference is attributed to the specification of design values of permanent and variable loads. For both considered systems of standards, reliability of structures exposed to snow loads is significantly lower than the reliability of structures exposed to imposed loads; therefore, harmonisation is required in this regard. Further studies concerning more complicated structural elements made of various grade steels and exposed to wind actions are needed.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.6.7-20

References
  1. EN 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings. Brussells, European Committee for Standardization, 2005.
  2. SP 16.13330.2011. Stal’nye konstruktsii (Aktualizirovannaya redaktsiya SNiP II-23—81*) [Construction Rules SP 16.13330.2011. Steel Structures (Updated Version of Construction Norms and Regulations II-23—81*)]. Moscow, Ministry of Regional Development, 2011.
  3. SP 20.13330.2011 Nagruzki i vozdeystviya (Aktualizirovannaya redaktsiya SNiP 2.01.07—85) [Construction Rules SP 20.13330.2011. Loads and Actions. (Updated Version of Construction Norms and Regulations 2.01.07—85)]. Moscow, Ministry of Regional Development, 2011.
  4. EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design. Brussels, European Committee for Standardization, 2002.
  5. GOST 27772—88. Prokat dlya stroitel’nykh stal’nykh konstruktsiy. Obshchie tekhnicheskie usloviya [State Standard 27772—88. Rolled Products for Structural Steelwork. General Specifications].
  6. Posobie po proektirovaniyu stal’nykh konstruktsiy (k SNiP II-23—81* «Stal’nye konstruktsii») [Handbook of Design of Steel Structures (based on Construction Norms and Rules II-23—81*. Steel Structures)] TsNIISK im. Kucherenko Gosstroya SSSR Publ., Moscow, 1989, 148 p.
  7. S?kora M., Holick? M. Comparison of Load Combination Models for Probabilistic Calibrations. In Faber M.H., K?hler J., Nishijima K., editors. Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering ICASP11. 1-4 August, 2011, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, Leiden, Netherlands,Taylor & Francis/Balkema, 2011, pp. 977—985.
  8. Holick? M. and Retief J.V. Reliability Assessment of Alternative Eurocode and South African Load Combination Schemes for Structural Design. Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering. Vol. 47, no. 1, 2005, pp. 15—20.
  9. Gulvanessian H. and Holick? M. Eurocodes: Using Reliability Analysis to Combine Action Effects. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers Structures & Buildings. August 2005, vol. 158, no. SB4, pp. 243—252.
  10. GOST R 54257 Nadezhnost’ stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy i osnovaniy. Osnovnye polozheniya i trebovaniya [State Standard P 54257. Reliability of Structures and Foundations. Basic Provisions and Requirements].
  11. EN 1991-1-1 Eurocode 1. Actions on Structures - Part 1-1: General Actions. Densities, Self-weight, Imposed Loads for Buildings. Brussels, European Committee for Standardization, 2002.
  12. ÅN 1991-1-3 Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures. Part 1-3: General Actions — Snow Loads. Brussels, European Committee for Standardization, 2003.
  13. Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F., Perel’muter A.V., editor. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Actions on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2007, 482 p.
  14. Rayzer V.D. Metody teorii nadezhnosti v zadachakh normirovaniya raschetnykh parametrov stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy [Methods of Reliability Theory in Problems of Standardization of Design Parameters of Building Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1986, 192 p.
  15. Turkstra C.J. Theory of Structural Design Decisions. Canada, Ontario, University of Waterloo, Solid Mechanics Division, SM Studies Series, no. 2, 1970.
  16. JCSS Probabilistic Model Code. Zurich, Joint Committee on Structural Safety, 2001. Available at: www.jcss.byg.dtu.dk.
  17. Eurocode 3. Editorial Group Background Documentation to Eurocode no. 3. Design of Steel Structures. Part 1 – General Rules and Rules for Buildings, Background Document for Chapter 5 of Eurocode 3. Document 5.01, 1989.
  18. Holick? M., S?kora M. Conventional Probabilistic Models for Calibration of Codes. In Faber M.H., K?hler J. and Nishijima K., editors. Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering. ICASP11, 1-4 August, 2011, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, Leiden, Netherlands,Taylor & Francis/Balkema, 2011, pp. 969—976.
  19. ISO 4355:1998. Bases for Design of Structures - Determination of Snow Loads on Roofs. International Organisation for Standardisation, TC 98/SC 3.
  20. Tur V.V., Markovskiy D.M. Kalibrovka znacheniy koeffitsientov sochetaniy dlya vozdeystviy pri raschetakh zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy v postoyannykh i osobykh raschetnykh situatsiyakh [Calibration of Values of Combination Factors for Actions in Case of Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures in Permanent and Accidental Design Situations]. Stroitel’naya nauka i tekhnika [Construction Science and Machinery]. 2009, no. 2(23), pp. 32—48.
  21. Markovskiy D.M. Kalibrovka znacheniy parametrov bezopasnosti zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy s uchetom zadannykh pokazateley nadezhnosti [Calibration of Values of Safety Parameters for Reinforced Concrete Structures with Account for Pre-set Reliability Parameters]. Brest, 2009.
  22. Bulychev A.P. Vremennye nagruzki na nesushchie konstruktsii zdaniy torgovli [Temporary Loads on Bearing Structures of Retail Trade Buildings]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Structural Mechanics and Analysis of Structures]. 1989, no. 3, pp. 57—59.
  23. Holick? M., S?kora M. Partial Factors for Light-Weight Roofs Exposed to Snow Load. In Bris R., Guedes Soares C., Martorell S., editors. Supplement to the Proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference ESREL 2009, Prague, Czech Republic, 7—10 September 2009. Ostrava, V?B Technical University of Ostrava, 2009, pp. 23—30.

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