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RESEARCH OF BUILDING MATERIALS

FEATURES OF HEAT TREATMENT OF HIGHLY POROUS LAYERED MATERIALS

Vestnik MGSU 5/2013
  • Zhukov Aleksey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Composite Materials Technology and Applied Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Smirnova Tat’yana Viktorovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Technology of Finishing and Insulation Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Chugunkov Aleksandr Viktorovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Technolo- gy of Finishing and Insulation Materials, Director, Department of Inspection of Buildings, Com- prehensive Research Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Khimich Anastasiya Olegovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Pages 97-102

Effectiveness of thermal insulation products is determined by a set of criteria that can be expressed in terms of energy costs: reduction of the cost of heating (the main criterion), energy consumption in the course of construction, energy consumption in the course of production of materials having pre-set properties, and service durability of the material.On the one hand, service durability (as a property) is generated in the course of material production, and on the other hand, it depends on the conditions that the material is exposed to in the course of any construction process. The same parameter affects energy-related criteria. Insulation replacement or unplanned repairs add supplementary energy costs.The manufacturing process of thermal insulation materials contemplates processing of a significant amount of non-renewable natural resources, namely, fuel combustion. Optimization of these costs is necessary and possible through appropriate organization of processes, including the process of heat treatment of products.Layered materials can improve the product performance and durability. Production and heat treatment of mineral fibers are the most energy-consuming steps of the mineral wool production. Optimization of these processes can involve significant economic effects.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.5.97-102

References
  1. Gagarin V.G. Teplozashchita i energeticheskaya effektivnost’ v proekte aktualizirovannoy redaktsii SNIP «Teplovaya zashchita zdaniy» [Thermal Protection and Energy Efficiency in Draft Revised Version of Construction Norms and Rules “Thermal Protection of Buildings”]. Energoeffektivnost’ XXI vek: III Mezhdunarodnyy kongress. [3d International Congress. Energy Efficiency 21st Century]. St.Petersburg, 2011, pp. 34—39.
  2. Khlevchuk V.R., Bessonov I.V. O raschetnykh teplofizicheskikh pokazatelyakh mineralovatnykh plit. Problemy stroitel’noy teplofiziki, sistem mikroklimata i energosberezheniya v zdaniyakh [Analytical Thermophysical Parameters of Mineral Wool Panels. Problems of Thermal Physics, Climate Systems and Energy Efficiency in Buildings]. Moscow, NIISF Publ., 1998, pp. 127—135.
  3. Zhukov A.D. Tekhnologiya teploizolyatsionnykh materialov [Technology of Thermal Insulation Materials]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2011, Part 1 — 395 p., Part 2 — 195 p.
  4. Bli?d?ius R., Samajauskas R. The Peculiarities of Determining Thermal Conductivity Coefficient of Low Density Fibrous Materials. Materials Science. MED?IAGOTYRA, 2001, 345 p.
  5. Lienhard J.H. IV, Lienhard J.H. V. A Heat Transfer Text Book. Cambridge, MA, Phlogiston Press, 2003, 749 p.
  6. Zhukov A.D. Smirnova T.V. Gidrodinamika potoka teplonositelya v mineralovatnom kovre [Hydrodynamics of Heat Transfer Agent Flow inside Mineral Wool Mats]. Nauka. Stroitel’stvo. Obrazovanie. [Science. Construction. Education.] 2012, no. 1. Available at: http://www.nso-journal.ru.
  7. Zhukov A.D., Chugunkov A.V., Gudkov P.K. Modelirovanie i optimizatsiya tekhnologii gazobetona [Modeling and Optimization of the Aeroconcrete Technology]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 4, pp. 155—159.
  8. Zhukov A.D., Smirnova T.V., Khimich A.O., Eremenko A.O., Kopylov N.A. Raschet parametrov teplovoy obrabotki mineralovatnykh izdeliy s primeneniem EVM [Computer-based Analysis of Thermal Treatment Parameters Applicable to Mineral Wool Products]. Stroitel`stvo: nauka i obrazovanie [Construction: Science and Education]. 2013, no. 1. Available at: http://www.nso-journal.ru.
  9. Kurochkin V.A., Zhukov D.V., Shelepov E.P. Modelirovanie promyshlennogo rezhima konvektivnoy sushki izdeliy v protsesse eksperimenta [Modeling of Industrial Mode of Convective Drying of Products in the Course of an Experiment]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 1979, no. 1, pp. 27—32.
  10. Okorokov A.M., Zhukov D.V. Issledovanie i raschet protsessa teplovoy obrabotki mineralovatnogo kovra metodom produvki teplonositelya [Research into and Analysis of Mineral Wool Heat Treatment by Blowing the Heat Transfer Agent]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 1982, no. 7, pp. 32—37.
  11. Petrov-Denisov V.G., Maslennikov L.A. Protsessy teplo- i vlagoobmena v promyshlennoy teploizolyatsii [Heat and Moisture Transfer in Industrial Insulation]. Moscow, Energoizdat Publ., 1983, 192 p.

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Hydraulic resistance of carper of cylindrical shape mineral wool

Vestnik MGSU 4/2015
  • Zhukov Aleksey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Composite Materials Technology and Applied Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Ivanov Kazbek Kazbekovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Aristov Denis Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Skiba Aleksey Andreevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sazonova Yuliya Vladimirovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 96-103

The properties of the mineral wool mat are determined by the mode of heat treatment and properties of the products. The main parameter to assess the properties of highly porous fibrous material is its resistance to the air flow, which can be estimated by the value of the hydraulic resistance. This parameter includes both the characteristics of the mineral fiber (diameter, length, density) characteristics of the system as a whole (total porosity, average density, the content of fibrous inclusions) and gas environment parameters (temperature and speed of its motion through the porous layer). Characteristics of the gaseous medium are technological factors, which influence the material during the heat treatment, and hence optimization of the process parameters. The flow of gas through the perforated wall of the hole determined by characteristics, pressurized inside a rolling pin, and the structural characteristics of the mineral geometrical cylinder and his hydraulic resistance. So, a universal criterion, which measures the mass transfer efficiency and hence the effectiveness of the heat treatment, is a hydraulic resistance cylinder. The study of the processes occurring in the mineral wool carpet, showed that its hydraulic resistance is directly proportional to the surface of fibers per unit bed volume and inversely proportional to the third degree of porosity of the layer. Researches have shown that increasing the degree of perforation increases the uneven distribution. However, if total power increases 1.87 times, because the perforation through the inlet portion perforation of rolling pin was disclosure, substantially uniform distribution was achieved. The investigations led to the following conclusions: the specific surface layer has a linear dependence on its average density; hydraulic resistance of the layer will be greater, when the amount of beads and fibers diameter is smaller. The obtained exact dependence allows calculating the hydraulic resistance to the flow of gas in the cylinder mineral wool. This allows taking into account the parameters of a rolling pin and the intensity of its expiration coolant, optimize its heat treatment parameters, as well as to assess patterns to filter of vapor during operation in the heating cylinder.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.4.96-103

References
  1. Livchak V.I. Realistichnyy podkhod k energosberezheniyu v sushchestvuyushchem zhilom fonde goroda [Realistic Approach to Energy Efficiency in the Existing Housing Stock of the City]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Efficiency]. 2002, no. 5, pp. 14—18. (In Russian)
  2. Telichenko V.I. Ot ekologicheskogo i «zelenogo» stroitel'stva — k ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti stroitel'stva [From Ecological and «Green» Building to Ecological Safety of Construction]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 47—51. (In Russian)
  3. Gagarin V.G. Teplozashchita i energeticheskaya effektivnost’ v proekte aktualizirovannoy redaktsii SNiP «Teplovaya zashchita zdaniy» [Thermal Protection and Energy Efficiency in Updated Version of SNIP “Thermal Protection of Buildings”]. Energoeffektivnost’. XXI vek : IV Mezhdunarodnyy kongress [Energy Efficiency. 21st Century : the 4th International Congress]. Saint Petersburg. 2011, pp. 187—191. (In Russian)
  4. Shmelev S.E. Puti vybora optimal’nogo nabora energosberegayushchikh meropriyatiy [Ways of Choosing Optimal Energy Saving Measures]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013, no. 3, pp. 7—9. (In Russian)
  5. Sheina S.G., Minenko A.N. Razrabotka optimizatsionnoy modeli upravleniya ustoychivym energosberezheniem zdaniy [Development of an Optimized Control Model of Sustainable Energy Saving of Buildings]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014, no. 8, pp. 3—5. (In Russian)
  6. Ponomarev V.B. Sovershenstvovanie tekhnologii proizvodstva i povysheniya kachestva teploizolyatsionnykh i kompozitsionnykh materialov na osnove steklyannogo i mineral’nogo volokna [Improvement of Production Technology and the Quality of Thermal Insulation and Composite Materials Based on Glass and Mineral Fibers]. Effektivnye teplo- i zvukoizolyatsionnye materialy v sovremennom stroitel’stve i ZhKKh : sbornik dokladov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (8—10 noyabrya 2006 g.) [Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Effective Heat and Sound Insulating Materials in Modern Construction and Housing” (November 8—10, 2006)]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2006, pp. 109—118. (In Russian)
  7. Olesen B.W. Indoor Environmental Input Parameters for Design and Assessment of Energy Performance of Buildings Addressing Indoor Air Quality, Thermal Environment, Lighting and Acoustics. Information paper on EN 15251. Energy Performance of Buildings GENSE. 15.02.2010, pp. 1—7.
  8. Bobrov Ju.L. Uj, közetgyapotbol készü lthöszigetelö anyagok a modern épitkezésben Budapesti Müszaki Egyetem (forditásoroszról, áttekintö információ. harmadik, kiadás, a Szovjetunióállami Épitési Bizottsága Tájékoztató Intézete, M., 1981). Budapest, 1984, pp. 45—49.
  9. Zhukov A.D., Bobrova Ye.Yu., Zelenshchikov D.B., Mustafaev R.M., Khimich A.O. Insulation Systems and Green Sustainable Construction. Advanced Materials, Structures and Mechanical Engineering. 2014, vol. 1025—1026, pp. 1031—1034.
  10. Holden T., Schmidt R.A. Commerce at Light Speed — an International Comparative Evaluation of CALS Strategy and Implementation in the USA and Japan. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 2001, vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 32—40. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635570110366014.
  11. Zhukov A.D., Smirnova T.V., Zelenshchikov D.B., Khimich A.O. Thermal Treatment of the Mineral Wool Mat. Advanced Materials Research. 2014, vol. 838—841, pp. 196—200. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.838-841.196.
  12. Bessonov I.V., Starostin A.V., Os’kina V.M. O formostabil’nosti steklovoloknistogo uteplitelya [On Dimensionally Stability of Fibrous Insulation]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 3, vol. 2, pp. 134—139. (In Russian)
  13. Arquis E., Cicasu S. Convection Phenomenon in Mineral Wool Installed on Vertical Walls. Effektivnye teplo- i zvukoizolyatsionnye materialy v sovremennom stroitel’stve i ZhKKh : sb. dokl. Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. (8—10 noyabrya 2010 g.) [Efficient Heat and Sound Insulating Materials in Modern Construction and Housing and Public Utilities]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2006, pp. 18—21.
  14. Oparina L.A. Uchet energoemkosti stroitel’nykh materialov na raznykh stadiyakh zhiznennogo tsikla zdaniy [Account for Power Consumption of Building Materials at Different Stages of Life Cycle of Buildings]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014, no. 11, pp. 44—46. (In Russian)
  15. Shoykhet B.M., Stavritskaya L.V., Kovylyanskiy Ya.A. Teplovaya izolyatsiya truboprovodov teplovykh setey. Sovremennye materialy i tekhnicheskie resheniya [Thermal Insulation of Heat Pipelines. Modern Materials and Technical Solutions]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Efficiency]. 2002, no. 5, pp. 43—45. (In Russian)
  16. Lavrova N.M., Platov N.A. Problemy ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti predpriyatiy stroitel’noy industrii [Problems of Ecological Safety of the Enterprises of the Construction Industry]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 5, pp. 204—207. (In Russian)
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  19. Hall C.A. Introduction to Special Issue on New Studies in EROI. Energy Return on Investment. Sustainability 2011, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 1773—1777. Available at: www.mdpi. com/2071—1050/3/10/1773/. Date of access: 28.09.2014.
  20. Zhukov A.D., Bessonov I.V., Sapelin A.N., Naumova N.V., Chkunin A.S. Composite wall materiali. Italian Science Review. February 2014, vol. 2, no. 11, pp. 155—157.

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DESIGN OF CEMENT COMPOSITES WITH INCREASED IMPERMEABILITY

Vestnik MGSU 5/2016
  • Fedyuk Roman Sergeevich - Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) Senior Lecturer, Department of Hydrotechnology, Theory of Buildings and Structures, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 8 Sukhanova str., Vladivostok, 690000, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 72-81

The paper deals with the development of composite binders for producing concrete with improved characteristics of gas, water and vapor permeability. The authors investigate the processes of composite materials formation in order of decreasing scale levels from macro to nanostructures. The criteria for optimization of the volume of dispersed additives in concrete are offered. The authors theoretically studied the technological features of the formation of hydrated cement stone structure. A positive effect of nanodispersed additives on the structure and physico-mechanical properties of cement composite materials are predicted. Thanks to its improved features, such as good ratio of strength and body density, high density and lifetime, the modified concrete may be used when solving various practical tasks of the construction branch.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.5.72-81

References
  1. Aleksashin S.V. Povyshenie morozostoykosti i vodonepronitsaemosti melkozernistykh betonov dlya rechnykh gidrosooruzheniy : dissertatsiya … kandidata tekhicheskikh nauk [Increasing Frost Resistance and Water Impermeability of Fine-grained Concretes for River Hydraulic Structures : dissertation of the Candidate of Technical Sciences]. Moscow, 2014, 114 p. (In Russian)
  2. Kucherenko A.A. Poroshkovaya tekhnologiya betona. Chast’ 2 [Powder Concrete Technology. Part 2]. Tekhnologii betonov [Concrete Technologies]. 2009, no. 1 (30), pp. 58—60. (In Russian)
  3. Chernyshov E.M. Strukturnaya neodnorodnost’ stroitel’nykh kompozitov: voprosy materialovedcheskogo obobshcheniya i razvitiya teorii (chast’ 2) [Structural Inhomogeneity of Structural Composites: Issues of Material Science Generalization and Theory Development (Part 2)]. Rossiyskaya akademiya arkhitektury i stroitel’nykh nauk. Vestnik otdeleniya stroitel’nykh nauk. Nauchnoe izdanie [Proceedings of Construction Sciences Department of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences. Scientific issue]. Moscow-Orel-Kursk, 2011, no. 15, pp. 223—239. (In Russian)
  4. Obraztsov I.V. Optimizatsiya zernovykh sostavov tsementno-mineral’nykh smesey dlya proizvodstva stroitel’nykh kompozitov metodami komp’yuternogo modelirovaniya : dissertatsiya … kandidata tekhicheskikh nauk [Optimization of Grain Distribution of Cement and Mineral Aggregates for the Production of Construction Composites by Computer Modelling Methods : dissertation of the Candidate of Technical Sciences]. Tver, 2014, 131 p. (In Russian)
  5. Milyaev I.V. Optimizatsiya svoystv modifitsirovannogo tsementnogo kamnya [Optimization of the Properties of Modified Cement Stone]. Nauchnyy Vestnik VGASU [Scientific Proceedings of Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 5, pp. 102—104. (In Russian)
  6. Laurent P. Granger, Zdeněk P. Bažant. Effect of Composition on Basic Creep of Concrete and Cement Paste. Journal of Engineering Mechanics. November 1995, vol. 121 (11), pp. 1261—1270. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1995)121:11(1261).
  7. Shumkov A.I. Formirovanie i optimizatsiya makrostruktury tyazhelogo betona [Formation and Optimization of the Macrostructure of Heavy Concrete]. Tekhnologii betonov [Concrete Technologies]. 2008, no. 7, pp. 52—53. (In Russian)
  8. Kharkhardin A.N. Modeli potentsialov i sil parnogo vzaimodeystviya mikro- i nanochastits v dispersnykh sistemakh [Models of the Potentials and Forces of the Interaction of Micro and Nanoparticles in Disperse Systems]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Stroitel’stvo [News of Higher Educational Institutions. Construction]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 117—126. (In Russian)
  9. Kharkhardin A.N. Strukturnaya topologiya dispersnykh sistem vzaimodeystvuyu-shchikh mikro- i nanochastits [Structural Topology of the Disperse Systems of Interacting Micro- and Nanoparticles]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Stroitel’stvo [News of Higher Educational Institutions. Construction]. 2011, no. 5, pp. 119—125. (In Russian)
  10. Kharkhardin A.N., Topchiev A.I. Tyazhelyy beton s plotnym strukturnym karkasom zapolnitelya [Heavy Concrete with Dense Structural Framework of the Filliing Matter]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Stroitel’stvo [News of Higher Educational Institutions. Construction]. 2001, no. 4, p. 54. (In Russian)
  11. Shurcliff William A. Super Solar Houses — Saunders’s 100% Solar, Low-Cost Designs. Brick House Publishing Company, 1983, 118 p.
  12. Falikman V.R. Nanomaterialy i nanotekhnologii v sovremennykh betonakh [Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies in Modern Concretes]. ALITinform: Tsement. Beton. Sukhie smesi [ALITinform: Cement. Concrete. Dry Mixtures]. 2011, no. 5—6, pp. 34—48. (In Russian)
  13. Bogusevich V.A. Melkozernistyy beton na osnove tekhnogennykh peskov KMA dlya zimnego betonirovaniya: dissertatsiya … kandidata tekhicheskikh nauk [Fine-Grained Concrete Based on Technogenic Sands of Kursk Magnetic Anomaly for Winter Concreting: dissertation of the Candidate of Technical Sciences]. Belgorod, 2014, 172 p. (In Russian)
  14. Kozhukhova N.I., Bondarenko A.I., Strokova V.V. Zavisimost’ mekhanizma strukturoobrazovaniya ot khimicheskogo sostava kak klyuchevogo faktora vyazhushchey sistemy [Dependence of Structure Formation Mechanism from the Chemical Composition as a Key Factor of a Binding System]. Stroitel’nyy kompleks Rossii. Nauka. Obrazovanie. Praktika : materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 50-letiyu Vostochno-Sibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta tekhnologiy i upravleniya i stroitel’nogo fakul’teta (g. Ulan-Ude, 11—14 iyulya 2012 g.) [Construction Complex of Russia. Science. Education. Practice : Materials of the International Science and Practice Conference Dedicated to the 50th Anniversary of the Department (Ulan-Ude, July 11—14, 2012]. Ulan-Ude, VSGUTU Publ., 2012, pp. 162—164. (In Russian)
  15. Korolev S.A. O novom podkhode v matematicheskom prognozirovanii vodonepronitsaemosti tsementnykh kompozitov [On the New Approach to Mathematical Forecasting of Water Impermeability of Cement Composites]. Vestnik Yuzhno-Ural’skogo gosudarstvenno-go universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series: Construction and Architecture]. 2008, no. 25 (125), pp. 31—36. (In Russian)
  16. Betekktin V.I., Bakhtibaev A.N., Egorov E.A. Kontsentratsiya mikropor v tsementnom kamne i ikh raspredelenie po razmeram [Concentration of Micropores in Cement Stone and Their Distribution According to Size]. Tsement [Cement]. 1989, no. 10, pp. 8—10. (In Russian)
  17. Lyakhevich G.D., Zvonnik S.A., Lyakhevich G.A., Al’azzavi A.B.A. Teoreticheskie aspekty, eksperimental’nye issledovaniya i effektivnost’ ispol’zovaniya vysokoprochnykh betonov dlya mostovykh konstruktsiy [Theoretical Aspects, Experimental Investigations and Efficiency of the Use of High-Strength Concretes for Bridge Constructions]. Nauka i tekhnika [Science and Technology]. 2014, no. 5, pp. 48—54. (In Russian)
  18. Vlasov V.K. Mekhanizm povysheniya prochnosti betona pri vvedenii mikronapolnitelya [Mechanism of Increasing the Strength of Concrete when Introducing Microfiller]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 1988, no. 10, pp. 9—11. (In Russian)
  19. Krasnyy I.M. O mekhanizme povysheniya prochnosti betona pri vvedenii mikronapolniteley [On the Mechanism of Increasing the Strength of Concrete when Introducing Microfiller]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 1987, no. 5, pp. 10—11. (In Russian)

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RESEARCH OF EARLY STRUCTURE FORMATION PROCESS OF CONCRETE WHERE CONCRETE WASTE ARE USED AS CRUSHED STONE

Vestnik MGSU 1/2012
  • Puljaev Sergej Mihajlovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Engineering Sciences (PhD), Prof +7-(499)-188-01-02, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26, Jaroslavskoe shosse, Moskow, 129337, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kaddo Maria Borisovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Engineering Sciences (PhD), Prof +7-(499)-183-35-29, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26, Jaroslavskoe shosse, Moskow, 129337, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Puljaev Ivan Sergejevich - Research Institute of Transport Construction (TSNIIS) Candidate of Engineering Sciences (PhD), Senior staff scientist +7-(499)-189-33-45, Research Institute of Transport Construction (TSNIIS), 1, Kolskaya str., Moskow, 129329, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 68 - 71

The process of early structure formation that occurs in hardening concrete where concrete waste are used as coarse aggregate is examined in this article.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.1.68 - 71

References
  1. Bazhenov J.M., Gorchakov G.I., Alimov L.A., Voronin V.V. Povyshenie dolgovechnosti betona i zhelezobetonnyh konstrukcij v surovyh klimaticheskih uslovijah [Increase of durability of concrete and ferroconcrete designs in severe environmental conditions]. Moscow, MISI, 1984.
  2. Bazhenov J.M., Gorchakov G.I., Alimov L.A., Voronin V.V. Strukturnye harakteristiki betonov [Structural descriptions of concretes]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and reinforced concrete], 1972, ¹ 9.
  3. Gorchakov G.I., Alimov L.A., Voronin V.V., Sobolev G.M. Princip optimizacii sostavov betonov dlja jenergeticheskogo stroitel'stva s uchetom strukturnyh harakteristik [Principle of optimization of compositions of concretes for power building taking into account structural descriptions]. Jenergeticheskoe stroitel'stvo : sb. nauchnyh trudov [Energy construction, Collection of scientific works], ¹ 9, 1974.

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Prevention of biogenic destruction by adding chitosan into the composition of cement

Vestnik MGSU 9/2012
  • Darchiya Valentina Ivanovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Senior Lecturer, Department of General Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Ustinova Yuliya Valerievna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of General Chemistry 8 (499) 183-32-92, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Nikiforova Tamara Pavlovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Deputy Chair, Department of General Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Sazonova Nina Sergeevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of General Chemistry 8 (499) 183-32-92, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 95 - 100

The objective of this research is to study the fungicidal properties of the cement composition
modified by chitosan (deacetylation rate - 95%, molecular weight - 200 kDm (MM 2,7x105)). The
optimal concentration of chitosan is identified so that its infusion into the cement paste did not deteriorate
the physical and mechanical characteristics, structure and composition of the latter. The
authors have identified that the infusion of 1% chitosan (in relation to the cement mass) into the
cement composition is optimal. It has resulted in (1) the slight improvement of the strength properties
of modified samples, (2) the reduction of dimensions of the porous space alongside with the
increase in the number of gel pores (20%), (3) the reduction of the number of capillary pores (5%).
The other subject of this research represents interaction of 1% (and lower concentrations of)
chitosan with calcium hydroxide. No interaction between 2% chitosan and calcium hydroxide is
identified. The conclusion is that the infusion of 1% chitosan into the cement composition provides
it with fungicidal and fungistatic properties, while the strength characteristic of the cement paste is
slightly improved.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.9.95 - 100

References
  1. Erofeev V.T., Smirnov V.F., Morozov A.E. Mikrobiologicheskoe razrushenie materialov [Microbiological Destruction of Materials]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2008, p. 97.
  2. Rejane C. Go, Douglas de Britto, Odilio B. G. Assis. A review of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan // Pol?meros. 2009. vol. 19. no. 3. p. 5—12.
  3. Vol’fkovich Yu.M., Bagotskiy V.S., Sosenkin V.E., Shkol’nikov E.I. Metody etalonnoy porometrii i vozmozhnye oblasti ikh primeneniya v elektrokhimii [Methods of Benchmark Porometry and Potential Areas of Their Application in Electrochemistry]. Elektrokhimiya [Electrochemistry]. 1980, no. 11, vol. 16, pp. 162—165.
  4. Chervinets V.M., Bondarenko V.M., Albulov A.I., Komarov B.A. Antimikrobnaya aktivnost’ khitozana s raznoy molekulyarnoy massoy [Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan That Has Different Values of Molecular Weight]. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on New Advancements in the Study of Chitin and Chitosan. 2001, pp. 252—254.
  5. Darchiya V.I. Vliyanie khitozana na antistaticheskie svoystva tsementnoy kompozitsii [Influence of Chitozan on Antistatic Properties of the Cement Composition]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 3, pp. 109—112.
  6. Skryabin K.P, Vikhoreva G.A., Varlamov V.P. Khitin i khitozan: Poluchenie, svoystva i primenenie [Chitin and Chitosan: Preparation, Properties and Application]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2002, p. 192.

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PARTICULAR ASPECTS OF APPLICABILITY OF PROVISIONS OF THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL THEORY OF EFFECTIVE STRESSES TO SANDY SOILS

Vestnik MGSU 10/2012
  • Potapov Aleksandr Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Potapov Ivan Aleksandrovich - Scientific and Research Institute of Emergency Healthcare named after N.V. Sklifosovskiy engineer, Scientific and Research Institute of Emergency Healthcare named after N.V. Sklifosovskiy, .
  • Shimenkova Anastasiya Anatolevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) engineer, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 229 - 239

The authors consider several aspects of applicability of the new approach to formation of effective stresses in soils in relation to sands, as it was set out in the theory developed by academician
V.I. Osipov. The analysis of several genetic types of quaternary sands, performed by the authors, makes it possible to use the number of contacts to identify the morphology of sand grains within the framework of the analysis of soils.
The authors demonstrate that the employment of the formulas developed by academician V.I. Osipov in the calculation of the number of contacts between particles in natural sandy soils is virtually impossible due to the fact that no natural sand particles can boast an ideal spherical shape. The number of contacts between the sand particles may increase due to the defects of their shape and the nature of the particle surface.
In this study, the shape and nature of the surface of sand grains represent those of the sands of various origins. The authors have employed a composite index of morphology that takes account of the shape and nature of the surface throughout the amount of sand under research. Similar calculations that take account of the morphology of grains were performed for selected fractions of sands to eliminate the influence of grain size on the packing of sands.
The analysis of provisions of the physical and chemical theory of effective stresses of soils and the study of multiple types of natural sands demonstrate that further research of formation and phases of coagulation contacts between particles of soil requires a detailed study of structural features of sands. These structural features include the grain size, homogeneity, the shape and nature of the surface of sand grains.
Both individual particles of sand and sandy soil are to be subjected to morphological assessments. The parameters to be assessed will include density and composition of sandy soils, as the soil porosity affects the formation of true contacts between particles of sand and determines their number. Mineral composition is an important factor affecting the shape and nature of the surface of sand grains. The research performed by the authors contemplates the study of the morphology of monogene, polymineral, oligomictic and polymictic sands. However quartz is the principal mineral in the structure of sand under research. Further research will cover other minerals to obtain more information about the formation of contacts between sand grains.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.10.229 - 239

References
  1. Osipov V.I. Fiziko-khimicheskaya teoriya effektivnykh napryazheniy v gruntakh [Physical and Chemical Theory of Effective Stresses of Soils]. Moscow, IGE RAN Publ., Moscow, 2012, 74 p.
  2. Potapov A.D. Morfologicheskoe izuchenie peskov v inzhenerno-geologicheskikh tselyakh [Morphological Study of Sands for the Purposes of Engineering Geology]. Moscow, PNIIIS Publ., 1981, 243 p.
  3. Friedman E. Packing Unit Squares in Squares. Elec. J. Combin. DS7, 1—24, Oct. 31, 2005. Available at: http://www.combinatorics.org/Surveys/ds7.html.
  4. Bely L.D, Doudler I.V., Mosiakov E.F., Potapov A.D., Julin A.N. Research Methods and Evaluation of Various Genesis Sand Grain Morphology Role in Formation of Their Geological-engineering Properties. Bulletin of IAEG, no. 11, 27-31, Krefeld, 1975.
  5. Doudler I.V., Mosiakov E.F., Potapov A.D. Influence of Characteristic Moisture Content Values on Physical-chemical Properties of Sands of Various Genesis. Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering, no. II, April 1974, pp. 14—17.
  6. Platov N.A., Potapov A.D., Lebedeva M.D. Peschanye grunty [Sandy Soils]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010. 254 p.
  7. Potapov I.A., Shimenkova A.A., Potapov A.D. Zavisimost’ suffozionnoy ustoychivosti peschanykh gruntov razlichnogo genezisa ot tipa fil’trata [Dependence of Suffosion Stability of Sandy Soils of Various Geneses on the Type of Filtrate]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 79—86.

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TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF NANOMODIFIED FILLER FOR ASPHALT-CONCRETE

Vestnik MGSU 4/2018 Volume 13
  • Inozemtsev Sergey Sergeevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Junior Researcher, “Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies” Research and Education Center, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Korolev Evgeniy Valer’evich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Director of the “Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies” Research and Education Center, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 536-443

Subject: technical and economic efficiency of the use of nanomodified porous mineral powder in the composition of asphalt-concrete mixture. The system of quality indicators of crushed stone-mastic asphalt-concretes obtained using nanomodified porous filler is presented. A general criterion for the quality of asphaltic concrete and a method for assessing the technical and economic efficiency of the use of nanomodified filler to control the properties of asphalt-concrete have been developed. Using the methods of system analysis, decomposition of the asphalt-concrete quality system was carried out and the basic quality indicators and dependencies for calculation of particular quality criteria were identified. The efficiency of using a filler based on a porous mineral material whose surface is modified with an additive based on iron hydroxide sol and silicic acid is shown. Research objectives: substantiation of effectiveness of the use of nanomodified porous mineral powder in the composition of asphalt-concrete mixture, taking into account the efficiency and cost criteria. Materials and methods: oil road bitumen BND 60/90, gabbro-diabase crushed stone of 5-20 mm fraction, granite crushing and screening products, stabilizing additive Viatop-66 and nanomodified diatomite were used. Samples of crushed stone-mastic asphalt-concrete were tested in accordance with the standard methods, and resistance to varying weather and climatic conditions and also rutting resistance were studied. Results: the proposed criteria allow one to estimate the effectiveness of the use of nanomodified mineral powder in asphalt-concrete, taking into account both the technical characteristics of the asphalt-concrete, obtained by using the powder, and the economic costs necessary to achieve improvement in quality indices. Concrete SMA-20, in which 100 % of the traditional filler is replaced by a powder based on diatomite, modified with iron (III) hydroxide sol and silicic acid, has a 28 % higher technical and economic efficiency compared to traditional crushed stone-mastic asphalt-concrete. This is achieved by significantly improving the quality of the material compared to the necessary ones. Conclusions: the use of the powder based on diatomite, modified with the iron (III) hydroxide sol, and silicic acid as a filler in the composition of asphalt-concrete mixture makes it possible to increase the asphalt-concrete efficiency index by 35 %. The increase in technical and economic efficiency by 28 % justifies application of the modified filler.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.4.536-543

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Modeling of suspension displacement process

Vestnik MGSU 8/2018 Volume 13
  • Galaguz Yuri P. - National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Senior Lecturer, Department of Applied Mathematics, National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Safina Galina L. - National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) , National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 944-951

Subject: transport of fluid containing suspended solid particles significantly affects the strength and stability of underground storage facilities, tunnels and hydraulic structures. The process of suspension filtration and displacement of suspension by a flow of fluid is considered in this article. Research background: filtration problems have been intensively studied for the last half-century. During this period, filtration models have become much more advanced. When modeling long-term deep bed filtration, modern researchers have to take into account the numerous factors that influence the transport and deposition of microscopic particles in the porous media. A number of models are being constructed on the basis of balance relationship between suspended and retained particles. Stochastic approaches to filtration problems using the Boltzmann model, network models and random walk equations are also successfully being developed. Research objectives: the study of an advanced one-dimensional model of suspension filtration in a solid porous medium when the suspension is being displaced with pure water. Materials and methods: we consider the process of displacement of suspension with pure water in a porous medium at which the transfer of fine particles and the accumulation of a deposit occur. The mechanical and geometric interaction of particles with a porous medium is the basis of our mathematical model: the solid particles freely pass through the large pores and get stuck in the pores whose size is smaller than the particle diameter. It is assumed that the fluid flow or other particles cannot knock out the retained particles. Deep bed filtration model is described by the equation of mass balance of suspended and retained particles of suspension and the kinetic equation for growth of deposit. When deep bed filtration process is long, the number of free small pores is significantly reduced, which leads to the changes in permeability and porosity of the porous medium. In order to account for this phenomenon, in contrast to the classical filtration equations, the dependence of the coefficients of mass balance equation on deposit concentration is introduced. In this problem at the initial moment a porous medium is filled with a suspension of retained and suspended particles at given concentrations. At filter inlet the pure water starts flowing, which displaces the suspension and gradually fills the porous medium. In the porous medium with pure water the filtering of suspension is terminated, the suspended particles concentration becomes zero, and the retained particles concentration is constant. The numerical calculation is performed by the method of finite differences. Results: for the deep bed filtration problem with variable porosity and permeability, a moving boundary between two phases has been identified, i.e., the front of the moving water flow, and its graph is constructed. Three-dimensional plots of retained and suspended particles concentrations and plots of their two-dimensional cross-section at a fixed time and for a prescribed distance from the filter input are created. The numerical solution is compared with the exact solution for the case of constant coefficients. Conclusions: it is shown that the filtration model with constant functions of porosity and permeability for small values of time can be a linear approximation of more general nonlinear models. Practical significance: planning and development of modern technologies for wastewater and industrial waste treatment, protection of underground structures from groundwater and flood waters, strengthening of porous soil by the concrete grouting method are based on the results of mathematical modeling of filtration problems. The results of the paper allow us to reduce the amount and cost of laboratory research and optimize the cleaning technologies of filter systems.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.8.944-951

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