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Kuznetsova Yana Agzamovna -
Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (SGASU)
194 Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443001, Russian Federation; +7 (846) 242-52-21., Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (SGASU), ;
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The author focuses on the issues of arrangement and positioning of main streets in the urban structure. Principles of organization of main streets, identified on the basis of Russian and foreign examples and differentiated with respect to central, middle and peripheral areas of the city, are analyzed in detail. The aforementioned principles, specified by the author, are considered as a means for (1) the revival of the urban social activity, and (2) the increase of the attractiveness of near-highway areas for pedestrians. Each of the above principles is implemented in varied areas of cities; however the most frequently used principles are: pedestrian accessibility, urban space unity, priority of pedestrians, subordination of new structures to the architectural heritage in the central areas of cities;easy transport accessibility, anthropocentricity, functional intensity, comfortable urban environment in the middle areas of cities;traffic safety, aesthetic quality of the urban environment, intensive use of the underground space in peripheral areas of cities.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.6.29-34
References
- Glazychev V.L. Urbanistika [City Studies]. Moscow, Evropa Publ., 2008, 200 p.
- James M. Daisa ITE Committee Report. Summary Context Sensitive Solutions in Designing Major Urban Thoroughfares for Walkable Communities: an ITE proposed recommended practice. West Washington, DC, 2005, 215 p.
- Bunin A.V., Savarenskaya T.F. Istoriya gradostroitel’nogo iskusstva [History of Art of Urban Planning]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1979, 412 p.
- Babkov V.F. Sovremennye avtomobil’nye magistrali [Contemporary Highways]. Transport Publ., 1974, 208 p.
- Baranova T.V., Kosenkova N.A. Synthetic image of orthodox architecture in the Middle Volga. Sacred architecture in shaping the identity of place. Politechnika Lubelska. Lublin, 2006. Pð. 149—157.
- Saryev M.B., Koval’ M.V., Lakhmanyuk V.B., Satyshev S.N. Proektirovanie v sfere organizatsii dorozhnogo dvizheniya — zarubezhnyy opyt [Road Traffic Design: International Experience]. Molodoy uchenyy [Young scientist] 2011, no. 4, vol. 3, pp. 107—109.
- Vuchik V.R. Transport v gorodakh udobnykh dlya zhizni [Transports in the Cities That Are Comfortable for Living]. Moscow, Territoriya budushchego publ., 2011, 576 p.
- Community Design Collaborative. Commercial Corridors. Revitalizing urban neighborhoods through innovative design. Philadelphia LISC. Available at http://cdesignc.org/p_4119c.htm. Date of access: April 6, 2013.
- Ikonnikov A.V. Formirovanie gorodskoy sredy [Formation of the Urban Environment]. Moscow, Znanie Publ., 1973, 64 p., 16 p. (Exhibit).
- Design Walkable Urban Thoroughfares: A Context Sensitive Approach. Institute of Transportation Engineers, West Washington, DC 20005, 215 p.
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Molokova Tat’yana Alekseevna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Chair, Department of History and Culture Studies; +7 (499) 183-21-29., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
The article covers the problems of reconstruction of the famous sculptural group designed by V.I. Mukhina «Worker and Collective Farm Girl», created in the 1930s for the Soviet pavilion of the universal exposition in Paris in 1937. The author considers the structural and cultural features of the monument and drives attention to the synthesis of architecture and sculpture in the pavilion designed by B.M. Iofan.The author also emphasizes some constructive features of the sculpture such as the scarf which is an important compositional and constructive element, and describes the process of preparation of the sculpture to construction in Paris and assembly in Moscow after The Paris World Exposition. The author touches the problem of the sculpture installation in Soviet period. The author performs a comparative analysis of the sculpture before and after its reconstruction and covers the aspects of construction works, including the construction of a new modern pavilion, or a pedestal for the sculpture.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.6.35-41
References
- Voronov N.V. Rabochiy i kolkhoznitsa [Worker and Collective Farmer Girl]. Moscow, Moskovski Rabochi Publ., 1990, p. 78.
- Samin D.K. Samye znamenitye zodchie Rossii [The Most Famous Architects of Russia]. Moscow, Veche Publ., 2004, 43 p.
- Kostina O. «Rabochiy i kolkhoznitsa». Skul’ptura i vremya [Worker and Collective Farmer Girl. Sculpture and Time]. Moscow, Sovetski Khudozhnik Publ., 1987, 100 p.
- Gur’yanova I. Kolkhoznitsa — eto ya [I Am the Collective Farm Girl]. Moskovskie vedomosti [Moscow Chronicles]. No. 10(158), March 20, 2000, p. 3.
- Moskovskiy Gosudarstvennyy Stroitel’nyy Universitet: istoriya i sovremennost’ [Moscow State University of Civil Engineering: History and Present Days]. Moscow, 2001, ASV Publ., pp. 130—131.
- Molokova T.A., Frolov V.P. Pamyatniki kul’tury Moskvy: iz proshlogo v budushchee [Landmarks of Moscow Culture: from the Past into the Future]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010, 121 p.
- Moskovskoe nasledie [Moscow Legacy]. 2009, no. 9, p. 46.
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Kotova Elena Vasil’evna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
engineer, Laboratory for Examination and Reconstruction of Buildings and Structures, Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14 (ext. 13-31), Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Kunin Yuriy Saulovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 1331, 1150., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Kotov Viktor Ivanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
sector leader, Laboratory for Examination and Reconstruc- tion of Buildings and Structures, Department of Testing of Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The article deals with the methods of restoration of large buildings of Orthodox churches in Russia. Practical solutions, described in the article, are applicable to the majority of church buildings partly demolished or rearranged during the Soviet era. The authors describe the restoration works performed at the convent of Martha and Mary as a good example of this practice. The article is focused on the general issues that complicate the restoration process, including lack of any uniform restoration solutions, lack of global cultural legacy protection programs, and the poor technical condition of restored buildings.The authors provide an overview of the restoration project that involved restoration and renovation of the New Jerusalem monastery building and Znamenskaya church building in Kholmy village. The solution was to have several subcontractors involved into the design and construction process. Department of reconstruction and structural inspection (ORZS) of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) was responsible for the supervision over the process of restoration and the work quality control. This article highlights the growing demand for the restoration control, especially if versatile assignments associated with foundations, structural, mechanical and finishing works are performed by different contractors. Special attention is driven to advanced waterproofing solutions applicable to underground structures, as leaks damage unique wall paintings. The authors raise the issues of research into the international experience of reconstruction and restoration of architectural monuments, methods of boosting religious tourism and respect for the history of Russia.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.7.15-21
References
- Sayt Marfo-Mariinskoy obiteli [Website of the Convent of Martha and Mary]. Available at: http://www.mmom.ru. Date of access: 15.04.2013.
- Ivanova E.V., Gorinov M.M., Sharipov A.M. Marfo-Mariinskaya obitel’ miloserdiya k 100-letiyu sozdaniya Obiteli [Convent of Martha and Mary’s Mercy. On the Occasion of the Convent’s Centenary]. Moscow, Belyy gorod publ., 2009, 494 p.
- Shargunov A. Podvizhniki Marfo-Mariinskoy obiteli miloserdiya [Hermits of the Convent of Martha and Mary’s Mercy]. Moskovskoe podvor’ye Svyato-Troitskoy Sergievoy Lavry publ., 2001, 144 p.
- Mikhaylovskiy E.V. Restavratsiya pamyatnikov arkhitektury. Moskva. [Restoration of Architectural Monuments. Moscow]. Izdatel’stvo literatury po stroitel’stvu publ., 1971, 96 p.
- Smirnova L.M. Metody sovremennoy restavratsii [Methods for Contemporary Restoration]. Available at: http://icon-art.narod.ru/artikle22.html. Date of access: 12.04.2013.
- Otchet po inzhenerno-tekhnicheskomu obsledovaniyu kripty Marfo-Mariinskoy obiteli. OOO «Tekhorgstroy». [Report on the Engineering Examination of the Undercroft of the Convent of Martha and Mary]. Tekhorgstroy Open Joint Stock Company, 2012.
- Banister Fletcher. A History of Architecture. Architectural Press, 1996, 1801 p.
- Erlande-Brandenbourg. The Cathedral: The Social and Architectural Dynamics of Construction. Cambridge Studies in the History of Architecture. Cambridge University Press, 2009, 382 p.
- Kotov V.I., Kunin Yu.S. Kompleksnoe obsledovanie pamyatnikov arkhitektury dlya razrabotki proekta restavratsii [Comprehensive Examination of Architectural Monuments with a View to Development of the Restoration Design]. Obsledovanie, ispytanie, monitoring i raschet stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Examination, Testing, Monitoring and Analysis of Structural Units of Buildings and Structures]. 2010, MGSU Publ., pp. 93—96.
- Kotov V.I., Kunin Yu.S., Kotova E.V. Obsledovanie, vosstanovlenie, remont i usilenie svodov i arok zdaniy Novo-Ierusalimskogo monastyrya [Examination, Restoration, Renovation and Strengthening of Domes and Arches of Buildings of the New Jerusalem Monastery]. Obsledovanie, ispytanie, monitoring i raschet stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Examination, Testing, Monitoring and Analysis of Structural Units of Buildings and Structures]. 2011, MGSU Publ., pp. 97—100.
- Fedotova L.A. Religioznyy turizm kak put’ vozrozhdeniya istoriko-kul’turnogo naslediya [Religious Tourism as the Way towards Revival of Historic and Cultural Legacy]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2012, no 9, pp. 41—42.
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Molokova Tat'yana Alekseevna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Chair, Department of History and Culturology,
+7 (499) 183-21-29, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
considered in the article. The author analyzes the influence of the 1812 Patriotic War on the political and cultural life of Russia, as there had been a rise of national consciousness in Russia in the first decades of the 19th century related to the victory over Napoleon. The author drives particular attention to the historic fact that Moscow suffered a lot more than other Russian cities in the War of 1812; the city was completely destroyed by the fire. The author provides statistical data related to the city as of the autumn of 1812. Moscow reconstruction plan proposed by Mr. Gestle, architect, and the procedure of "Commissioning of Structures", drafted under the guidance of O.I. Bove, architect, are analyzed in detail. The author also covers the personal contribution made by O.I. Bove, his associates D.I. Zhilyardi and A.G. Grigor'ev, into the reconstruction of the city centre.
The article features the town-planning policy of 1820-1830 and patterns of late classicism in the Moscow architecture.
The article is dedicated to the year of the Russian history and one of its major events, the anniversary of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.6.17 - 22
References
- Gol’denberg P.I. Staraya Moskva [Old Moscow]. Moscow, Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Architecture, 1947, p. 57.
- Pokrovskaya Z.K. Osip Bove [Osip Bove]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1999, p. 103.
- Almazova N.M., Molokova T.A., Frolov V.P., Pavlinov V.V. Pamyatniki arkhitektury. Inzhenernye obsledovaniya [Architectural Monuments. Engineering Examinations]. Moscow, ASV Publ., no. 1, 2003, p. 89.
- Sytin P.V. Iz istorii moskovskikh ulits [Abstracts from the History of Moscow Streets]. Moskovskiy Rabochiy Publ., 1958, p. 110.
- Budylina M.V. Planirovka i zastroyka Moskvy posle pozhara 1812 goda [Planning and Building of Moscow after the Fire of 1812]. Moscow, Arhitekturnoe Nasledstvo [Architectural Heritage]. Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1951, no. 1, p. 157.
- Ikonnikov A.V. Tysyacha let russkoy arkhitektury [One Thousand Years of Russian Architecture]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1990, p. 311.
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Frolov Vladimir Pavlovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History and Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
The article covers a relevant historical and cultural problem of elaboration and maintenance of monuments of the military glory of 1812. The author considers various architectural and sculptural monuments illustrating heroic events of Patriotic war of 1812, built in the two Russian capitals - Moscow and Saint Petersburg in different historical periods, and also in primordial Russian towns, such as Smolensk, Vyazma, and Maloyaroslavets. Architectural and composition-related features of this or that monument erected against the background of historic events of the war of 1812 are analyzed in detail. The author demonstrates the links between architecture and sculpture within the framework of town-planning solutions implemented in the pieces that have found their places in the towns enlisted above.
The value of symbols of the Victory and Glory of the Russian army and the Russian people is marked. The names of the most famous heroes of this war, starting from a field marshal and ending with a soldier are inscribed.
By addressing the historical and cultural heritage of Russia, the author informs readers about the most significant events of the war. The author mentions an acute problem of the modernity, that is, preservation and restoration of monuments, and shares his view point.
The value of the historic and cultural heritage of Russia for military and patriotic education is emphasized. The article is prepared within the framework of the year of the Russian history.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.6.23 - 28
References
- Smirnov A.A. Moskva – geroyam 1812 goda [Moscow Contribution Addressed to the Heroes of 1812]. Moscow, Moskovskiy Rabochiy Publ., 1977, p. 148.
- Molokova T.A., Frolov V.P. Pamyatniki kul’tury Moskvy: iz proshlogo v budushchee [Monuments of Culture of Moscow: from the Past into the Future]. Moscow, ASV Publ., p. 85.
- Ashik V.A. Pamyatniki i medali v pamjyat’ boevyh podvigov russkoy armii 1812 g. [Monuments and Medals Commemorating the Fighting Feats of the Russian Army in 1812]. St.Petersburg, 1913, p. 144.
- Piliyavskiy V.I. Russkie triumfal’nye pamyatniki [Monuments to the Russian Triumph]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1960, p. 56.
- Kirichenko E.I. Hram Hrista Spasitelya v Moskve [Church of the Christ the Savior in Moscow]. Moscow, Planeta Publ., 1992, p. 260.
- Pamyatniki arhitektury Leningrady [Architectural Monuments of Leningrad]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1976, p. 150.
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Azatyan Karen Rubenovich -
National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia (NUACA)
Candidate of Architecture, Associate Professor, Department of Architectural Drafting and Architectural Environment Design, National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia (NUACA), 105 Teryan str., Yerevan, 0009, Armenia;
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Engoyan Anna Robertovna -
National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia (NUACA)
Candidate of Architecture, Associate Professor, Department of Architectural Drafting and Architectural Environment Design, National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia (NUACA), 105 Teryan str.,Yerevan, 0009, Armenia;
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.
The article discusses some problems of combination of old and new elements of urban space development, positive interaction of which significantly contributes to the unity and originality of architectural and artistic image of a city. The сonstantly evolving complex structure of the city exists not only in space but also in time. With the time the spatial structure of the city changes, as well as the ideas about aesthetic values and the problems of combination of nonsimultaneous formation elements arise. In the article the problems are considered from several points of view: interaction of the old and the new, formation of the historical monuments, their estimation, protection and integration to the new system. Research and analysis of some integration problems of old and new in the development of urban space lead to the following main conclusions. In a complex system of a city the coexistence process of structures is important, created in different times - the integration of old and new, which forms the unity of the urban environment. Integration of old and new, where the old acquires new qualities and the new is in harmony with the old, forms the historical layers, which give the ability to perceive the city in time. The time factor, saturating these layers, gives the city a personality and creates a link between the past, the present and the future via physical structures. In the integration of old and new artistic image formation based on contrasting expressiveness is essential, which is also advisable in case of ensuring the compositional and artistic communication between new buildings and historic zones. In the structure of the city not only unique monuments are valuable, but also their later additions and ordinary building complexes, which are the elements that form the environment and conditions of its perception, express the characteristic features of a certain period and complement the multi-layered artistic image. The combination of old and new is more effective coexisting in the interconnected system of urban processes of layers, created in different times, where a rethought historic building changes the relationship with the environment, gets a new meaning, becomes viable, expands the artistic potential of the new ensemble and associates with the area and its history. Process of the protection of historical environment and facilities in the city should always be considered in a unified approach with the tasks of reconstruction and the formation of new complexes. Protection and reconstruction process should include a wide range of approaches. Task of protecting an individual object, its parts or the building complex, individually defined for each case, contributes to the saturation of the image, where the introduction of the elements of different periods illuminates the process of changes within long time period. In the case of the introduction of the new in the old, modern architectural form should be converted into a part of the formed structure, must not violate the general while showing individuality, but saturate its historical diversity and preserve the opportunity for further development, the formation of flexible composition systems capable to transformation, is an ongoing task in present.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.6.7-16
References
- Dutsev M.V. Sovremennyy gorod kak prostranstvo dialoga [Modern City as a Space of Dialogue]. Sovremennaya arkhitektura mira [Modern Architecture of the World]. Issue 2, Мoscow, Nestor-Istoriya Publ., 2012, pp. 221—244.
- Rashidyan G.H. Glavnaya ploshchad’ Erevana vo vremeni i prostranstve [Main Square of Yerevan in Time and Space]. Yerevan, EGUAS Publ., 2007, 155 p.
- Zeidler E.N. Mnogofunktsional’naya arkhitektura [Multi-use Architecture]. Мoscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1988, 151 p.
- Gutnov A.E. Mir arkhitektury [World of Architecture]. Мoscow, Molodaya gvardiya Publ., 1985, 352 p.
- Ikonnikov A.V. Arkhitektura goroda [The City's Architecture]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1972, 215 p.
- Ikonnikov A.V. Prostranstvo i forma v arkhitekture i gradostroitel’stve [Space and Form in Architecture and Urban Planning]. Мoscow, KomKniga Publ., 2006, 352 p.
- Gel’fond A.L. Arkhitecturnaya tipologiya v aspekte zhiznennogo tsikla zdaniya [Architectural Typology in Terms of the Life Cycle of the Building]. ACADEMIA. 2011, no. 2, pp. 40—47.
- Schroeder U. Variabel nutzbare Hauser und Wohnungen. Bauverlag GmbH. Weisbaden und Berlin. 1980.
- Samoylov Yu.G. Besedy o professii arkhitektora [Talks on the Profession of an Architect]. N. Novgorod, N. Novgorod State University Publ., 1991, 96 p.
- Timokhov G.F. Modernizatsiya zhilykh zdaniy [Modernization of Residential Buildings]. Мoscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1986, 190 p.
- Linch K. The Image of the City. The MIT Press, 1ST edition, 1960.
- Frampton K. Modern Architecture: a Critical History. Thames & Hudson; Fourth Edition, 2007, 424 p.
- Azatyan K.R. Opyt modernizatsii zhiloy zastroyki pervykh desyatiletiy XX veka [The Experience of Modernization of Residential Development in the First Decades of XX Century]. Izvestiya soyuza stroiteley Armenii (sbornik nauchnykh trudov) [Bulletin of Builders’ Union of Armenia (Proceedings)]. Yerevan, 2013, no. 1—2 (185—186), pp. 53—63.
- Zumthor P. Thinking Architecture. Second, expanded edition / Published by Birkhauser. Basel — Boston — Berlin, 2006. P. 65.
- Rashidyan G.H. Tsentr Erevana — kakim emu byt’ v budushchem [The Center of Yerevan — How it Will Look Like in the Future]. Byulleten’ stroiteley Armenii [Bulletin the Builders of Armenia]. Yerevan, 1999, no. 3 (32), pp. 13—15.
- Dutsev M.V. Integral’naya kontseptsiya arkhitekturnoy sredy na primere gorodov Gollangii i Germanii [Integral Concept of Architectural Environment on the example of the Netherlands and Germany]. ACADEMIA. 2012, no. 4, pp. 12—20.
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Frolov Vladimir Pavlovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History and Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
Monasteries, their activity and lifestyle have always played an important role in the culture of various nations. Monasteries are objects of cultural heritage. Their architecture is connected with national features on a nation, particular canons of Christian (orthodox, catholic), Buddhistic or other religion. The article describes ancient monasteries in Russia amid the global development, historical national characteristics monasteries are analyzed, as well as architectural ensembles, reflecting the function and role of monasteries in public life, showing their spiritual and cultural heritage, monastic tradition, the historical value of the monastic landscape and its conservation conditions, the inclusion of the monasteries in the world cultural heritage is noted.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.6.35-43
References
- Bol'shaya illyustrirovannaya entsiklopediya [Big Illustrated Encyclopedia]. In 32 volumes. Moscow, AST, Astrel' Publ., 2010, vol. 18, p. 143.
- Komech A.I. Russkie monastyri. Istoriya i kul'tura X—XVII stoletiya [Russian Monasteries. History and Culture of X—XVII Centuries]. Moscow, Art-BMB Publ., 2001, p. 21.
- Klyuchevskiy V.O. Skazanie inostrantsev o Moskovskom gosudarstve [Legend of Foreigners about Muscovy]. Moscow, Prometey Publ., 1991, p. 167.
- Antonova L.V., Titova T.V. Arkhitekturnye shedevry Rossii [Architectural Masterpieces of Russia]. Moscow, Dom Slavyanskoy Knigi Publ., 2009, p. 44.
- Bryusova V.G. Ipat'evskiy monastyr' [Ipatiev Monastery]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1981, p. 27.
- Likhachev D.S., Savitskaya O.D. Arkhitekturno-khudozhestvennye pamyatniki [Solovetskikh ostrovov [Architectural and Artistic Monuments of the Solovetsky Islands]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1980, p. 32.
- Skopin V.V., Shchennikova L.A. Arkhitekturno-khudozhestvennyy ansambl' Solovetskogo monastyrya [Architectural Ensemble of the Solovetsky Monastery]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1981, p. 53.
- Molokova T.A. Svyatitel' Filipp — patriot i stroitel' pravoslavnoy Rossii [St Philip — Patriot and Builder of Russian Orthodox]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2006, pp. 18, 20.
- Burov V.A. Istoriya keleynoy zastroyki Solovetskogo monastyrya XV—XIX vekov: monografiya [Exclusionary Story Building Solovetsky Monastery XV—XIX Centuries]. Institute of Archeology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Solovki State Historical, Architectural and Natural Museum-Reserve, Arkhangel'sk, 2011, p. 26.
- Maksakovskiy V.P. Vsemirnoe kul'turnoe nasledie [World Cultural Heritage]. Moscow, Eko-pros Publ., 2000, p. 381.
- Arenkova Yu.I., Mekhova G.I. Donskoy monastyr' [Don Monastery]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1970, p. 67.
- Petrova E.N. Russkie monastyri. Iskusstvo i traditsii [Russian Monasteries. Art and Traditions]. Saint Petersburg, Palace Edition, 1997, p. 112.
- Chelnokov A. Pokrovskiy stavropigial'nyy zhenskiy monastyr' u Pokrovskoy zastavy [Intercession Pokrovsky Monastery]. Moscow, Pokrovskiy stavropigial'nyy zhenskiy monastyr' Publ., 2010, p. 57.
- Shchenkov A.S., editor. Arkhitekturnoe nasledie na rubezhe XX—XXI vekov: Problemy restavratsii i okhrany naslediya [Architectural Heritage in 20—21st Centuries. Moscow, KRASAND Publ., 2010, p. 51.
- Pokrovskaya E.N., Koval'chuk Yu.L. Biokorroziya, sokhranenie pamyatnikov istorii i arkhitektury [Biocorrosion, Preservation of Historical Monuments and Architecture. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2013, p. 28, 57.
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Usmonov Shukhrat Zaurovich -
Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Senior Lecturer, Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 226 Lenina st., Khujand, 735700, Tajikistan; applicant, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings; 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
The current need for additional domestic accommodation has necessitated the formation of new housing types for different categories of families in terms of affordability and market requirements. In particular, the demand for apartments can be met by the renovation of Soviet pre-cast concrete residential blocks. Firstly, there is a need to quantify the growth of the elderly population and the ever-increasing desire to preserve friendly relations between the generations based on Tajik tradition. Secondly, there is a need to design special residential units intended for the resettlement of extended families, family groups and families consisting of several generations. The renovation of the old Soviet buildings will reduce not only the physical deterioration of a building by complete or partial replacement of individual structures, but will also eliminate obsolescence as a result of internal redesign and enhancement of a building. An analysis of the space-planning and structure of a residential building will establish the degree of obsolescence, as well as address the question of reconstruction as a dwelling for extended families through the partial redevelopment of apartments. Such redevelopment would increase the area of common rooms to include insulated terraces and loggias, the removal of some partitions and the conservation of existing sanitary cells. This article deals with the reconstruction of large apartment buildings based on Soviet mass-produced residential block series TTZH 1-464-AC-3, which is dwelling for extended families consisting of several generations. The article proposes 4 different options for redevelopment. These options will increase the living space of the reconstructed residential building from 25 to 35 %, and will increase the population density in all dwellings by 50 %. The intention is to improve space-planning of mass-produced residential blocks, series TTZH 1-464-AC-3, in order to match the demographic characteristics of Tajikistan for extended families and family groups.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.4.26-38
References
- Usmonov Sh.Z. Modelirovanie energeticheskikh zatrat na otoplenie i okhlazhdenie 5-etazhnogo zhilogo doma i otsenka temperaturnykh usloviy po indeksam teplovogo komforta PMV i PPD [Simulation of Energy Demand for Heating and Cooling of a 5-Storey Residential Building and Evaluation of Thermal Conditions Based on PMV and PPD Thermal Comfort Indices]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 10, pp. 216—229. (In Russian)
- Karakova T.V., Ryzhikova E.V. Aktual’nost’ rekonstruktsii industrial’nogo zhilishcha 60-kh gg. v Rossii [Reconstruction Currency of Industrial Dwelling of the 60s in Russia]. Vestnik SGASU. Gradostroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Proceedings of Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Urban Planning and Architecture]. 2014, vol. 1 (14), pp. 36—39. (In Russian)
- Karakova T.V. Formoobrazovanie v dizayn-kompozitsii [Shaping in Design-Composition]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk [News of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2009, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 22—25. (In Russian)
- Karakova T.V. Videoekologiya: svetodizayn gorodskogo prostranstva [Video Ecology: Light Design of City Space]. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov [Proceedings of Civil Engineers]. 2010, no. 4 (25), pp. 16—19. (In Russian)
- Semenova E.E., Tyuterev A.A. Issledovanie zavisimosti energoeffektivnosti zdaniya ot geometricheskoy formy [Investigation of the Dependence of a Building Energy Efficiency from Geometrical Shape]. Nauchnyy vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Vysokie tekhnologii. Ekologiya [Scientific Proceedings of Voronezh State Architectural and Construction University. Series: High Technologies. Ecology]. 2011, no. 1, pp. 102—104. (In Russian)
- Nigmatow I.I., Usmonow Sch.S., Sinnesbichler H., Antretter F. Rechnerische Bewertung von Dämmmassnahmen an Wohngebäuden in Tadschikistan am Beispiel des Gebietes um Sogd / Fraunhofer-institut für Bauphysik IBP. IBP-Mitteilung. 2012, no. 39 (519). Available at: http://www.ibp.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ibp/de/documents/Publikationen/IBP-Mitteilung/IM_519-2012_web_tcm45-1035012.pdf. Date of access: 12.01.2015.
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- Afonin A., Storozhkov A., Sharoukhova V., Koval’ N. Metodika provedeniya energeticheskikh obsledovaniy predpriyatiy i organizatsiy [Methods of Energy Inspections of Enterprises and Organizations]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Efficiency]. 1999, no. 1, pp. 6—18. (In Russian)
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- Kozachun G.U., Lapko N.A. Ob”emno-planirovochnye resheniya kvartir i krizis na rynke zhil’ya [Space and Planning Decisions of Flats and Crisis on Housing Market]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2009, no. 11, pp. 20—23. (In Russian)
- Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. O kompleksnom pokazatele teplovoy zashchity obolochki zdaniya [On Complex Indicator of Building Envelope Thermal Protection]. AVOK: Ventilyatsiya, otoplenie, konditsionirovanie vozdukha, teplosnabzhenie i stroitel’naya fizika [ABOK: Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, Heat Supply and Building Thermal Physics]. 2010, no. 4, pp. 52—61. (In Russian)
- Bushov A.V. Ob”emno-planirovochnoe reshenie i ego vliyanie na energoeffektivnost’ i mikroklimat pomeshcheniya [Space-Planning Decision and its Influence on Energy Efficiency and Microclimate of a Premise]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 251—252. (In Russian)
- Kartashova K.K. Rekonstruktsiya gorodskogo zhilishcha s uchetom sovremennykh sotsial’nykh potrebnostey [Reconstruction of City Housing with Account for Contemporary Social Needs]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Stroitel’stvo [News of Higher Educational Institutions. Construction]. 2003, no. 7, pp. 125—131. (In Russian)
- Savin V.K., Sankin I.V., Savina N.V. Ob”emno-planirovochnye resheniya, ekologiya i energeticheskaya effektivnost’ zdaniy [Space-Planning Decisions, Ecology and Energy Efficiency of Buildings]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 363—366. (In Russian)
- Mikhaylin M.V., Solov’ev A.K. Metodika podbora energosberegayushchikh arkhitekturnykh i tekhnologicheskikh resheniy pri rekonstruktsii zdaniy [Methods of Choosing Energy Efficient Architectural and Technological Decisions in the Process of Reconstruction of Buildings]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 95—99. (In Russian)
- Chuvilova I.V., Kravchenko V.V. Kompleksnye metody rekonstruktsii i modernizatsii massovoy zhiloy zastroyki [Complex Methods of Reconstruction and Modernization of the Mass of Residential Buildings]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. 2011, no. 3, pp. 94—100. (In Russian)
- Bulgakov S.N. Energoeffektivnye stroitel’nye sistemy i tekhnologii [Energy Efficient Construction Systems and Technologies]. ABOK. 1999, no. 2, pp. 6—13. (In Russian)
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Tsvetkov Konstantin Aleksandrovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
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Naumova Yuliya Igorevna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Master student on the program “Reconstruction and Restoration of Buildings and Structures”, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
ASPECTS All over the world a lot of unique architectural monuments are lost according to different reasons. The role of cultural objects can hardly be overestimated and their total loss is irretrievable. Preservation of architectural monuments and complexity of their investigation and design solutions development depend on many factors: age of the monument, structural peculiarities, geographical position, their value as objects of cultural heritage, etc. The article offers the description of a reconstruction project of a bell tower in Joseph of Volokolamsk Monastery, which had been destructed in 1941. The bell tower in Joseph of Volokolamsk Monastery situated in Volokolamsk region of the Moscow Region near village Teryaevo is an outstanding example of the architecture and construction technologies of the 16th-17th centuries. The design group conducted extensive research, made a conclusion on the state of the surviving elements and offered several variants of bell tower reconstruction. It was decided to reconstruct the bell tower over the surviving first tier with transferring the loads to the new bearing structure. The first tier is being reconstructed and preserved.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.1.22-34
References
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- Kopylova N.S., Korzun N.L. Restavratsiya pamyatnikov arkhitektury v Irkutske (na primere dokhodnogo doma po ulitse Fridrikha Engel’sa, byvshey Zhandarmskoy) [Restoration of Architectural Monuments in Irkutsk (on the Example of the Tenement Building on Friedrich Engels Street, the Former Zhandarmskaya Street)]. Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsii. Stroitel’stvo. Nedvizhimost’ [News of Higher Educational Institutions. Investment. Construction. Real Estate]. 2014, no. 1 (6), pp. 111—125. (In Russian)
- Meshcheryakov V.V. Muzeefikatsiya dvortsa Menshikova v Sankt-Peterburge [Museumification of Menshikov Palace in Saint Petersburg]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriya 2: Istoriya [Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg University. Series 2. History]. 2008, no. 3, pp. 173—183. (In Russian)
- Osmanov E.E Mecheti Biyuk Khan-Dzhami i Takhtaly-Dzhami v Bakhchisarae [The Mosques Juma-Jami and Tahtali-Jami in Bakhchisarai]. Uchenye zapiski Tavricheskogo natsional’nogo universiteta im. V.I. Vernadskogo. Seriya «Istoricheskie nauki» [Scientific Notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University. Series: Historical Sciences]. 2014, vol. 27 (66), no. 4, pp. 65—75. (In Russian)
- Beloyarskaya I.K. Istoriko-restavratsionnye issledovaniya teploy tserkvi Bogoyavleniya Georgievskogo prikhoda v gorode Vologde [Historical and Restoration Investigations of the Ward Church of the Church of the Epiphany of the Saint George Parish in Vologda]. Arkhitekton: izvestiya vuzov. Teoriya arkhitektury [Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education. Theory of Architecture]. 2015, no. 50. Available at: http://archvuz.ru/2015_2/9. Date of access: 04.08.2015. (In Russian)
- Darley G. A Future for Farm Buildings. London, SAVE Britain`s heritage, 1988.
- Volker Stoll, Carsten Leibenart. Geotechnische und Hydrogeologische Arbeiten fur den Wiederaufbau der Frauenkirche Dresden und deren Umfeld. Prirodnye usloviya stroitel’stva i sokhraneniya khramov pravoslavnoy Rusi : sbornik tezisov 5-go Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-prakticheskogo simpoziuma [Natural Conditions of Construction and Preservation of the Cathedrals of Orthodox Russia : Collection of Abstracts of the 5th International Science and Practice Symposium]. N. Novgorod, 2013, pp. 41—49. (In Russian)
- Stubbs J.H., Makaš E.G., Bouchenaki M. Architectural Conservation in Europe and the Americas. Hoboken, New Jersey, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2011, 512 p.
- Zhidkov A.A., Nazarov I.A., Gorelov V.A. Instrumental’nye obmery Khrama Khrista Spasitelya: vossozdanie dukhovnogo velichiya [Tool Measurements of the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour: Reconstruction of the Spiritual Greatness]. Geodezist” [Geodesist]. 2001, no. 5, pp. 20—21. (In Russian)
- Katrunova E.I. Proekt rekonstruktsii tserkvi Uspeniya Bogoroditsy na Sennoy ploshchadi arkhitektora D.A. Butyrina [Reconstruction Project of the Church of Dormition of the Mother of God on Sennaya Square by the Architect D.A. Butrin]. Aktual’nye problemy teorii i istorii iskusstva : sbornik statey 3-ey Mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii molodykh spetsialistov [Current Problems of the Theory and History of Art : Collection of Articles of the 3rd International Conference of Young Specialists]. 2012. Available at: http://www.actual-art.org/131-st2012/rus19/512-katrunova-tserkov-uspeniya-na-sennoj.html. Date of access: 04.08.2015. (In Russian)
- Drobotushenko E.V. Arkhitekturnyy ansambl’ Chikoyskogo Ioanno-Predtechenskogo monastyrya kak ob”ekt istoricheskogo izucheniya. Po materialam polevykh issledovaniy [Architectural Complex of the Chikoysk John- Predtechensky Monastery as an Object of Historical Investigation]. Balandinskie chteniya [Balandinsk Readings]. 2014, no. 1, pp. 222—228. (In Russian)
- Kozlova G.S. Revalorizatsiya arkhitekturnogo ansamblya Chudotvorskoy tserkvi v g. Irkutske [Revaluation of the Architectural Complex of Thaumaturgy Church in Irkutsk]. Balandinskie chteniya [Balandinsk Readings]. 2014, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 31—40. (In Russian)
- Kuznetsova-Pavskaya E.S., Letvinova O.G. Graficheskaya rekonstruktsiya tserkvi Vozneseniya v sele Khaldeevo Tomskoy gubernii [Graphical Reconstruction of the Ascension Church in Khaldeevo Village of Tomsk Province]. Izbrannye doklady 60-y nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii studentov i molodykh uchenykh. (24—25 aprelya 2014 g.) [Selected Works of the 60th Science and Technical Conference of Students and Young Scientists (April 24—25, 2014)]. Tomsk, TGASU Publ., 2015, pp. 261—267. (In Russian)
- Blagovidova N.G. Novo-Ierusalimskiy monastyr’ kak unikal’nyy dukhovno-prosvetitel’skiy tsentr [New Jerusalem Monastery as a Unique Spiritual and Educational Center]. Arkhitekton: izvestiya vuzov. Istoriya arkhitektury [Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education. History of Architecture]. 2013, no. 41. Available at: http://archvuz.ru/2013_1/13. Date of access: 04.08.2015. (In Russian)
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Chaynikova Olesya Olegovna -
St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (SPSUACE)
postgraduate student, St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (SPSUACE), 4 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya st., St. Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation.
Subject: in this article, we consider the most important problem in modern restorative practice - a restoration of partially destroyed, ruined and even lost buildings that possess high artistic value, constitute the ceremonial residences of European rulers and are now regarded as cultural symbols of their countries. The analysis of assumptions and methods for restoration of residences, palaces and park ensembles is conducted on the example of such objects as the Royal castle in Warsaw, Berlin City Palace, City Palace in Potsdam, Constantine Palace in Strelna, the Royal castle in Lithuania. On the basis of performed analysis of the restored objects, we consider the conceptual proposals for the project of reconstruction of the Lower cottage complex in Alexandria Park in Peterhof town. Research objectives: determine the main criteria for selecting forms and methods for reconstruction of the residences of Heads of State taking into account their value characteristics and criteria of significance, the importance of the reconstructed object in the surrounding environment. Materials and methods: the study was based on the review and analysis of the literature, scientific works, articles, theses, studies of domestic and international authors, analysis of conceptual projects for the restoration of ruined objects that are planned for implementation in the short term. Results: the main methods of restoration of the lost architectural monuments as cultural symbols of power in European and domestic practice are determined, the most typical value characteristics of recreated objects and their significance in the environment and national culture of the country are identified. Conclusions: the result of the work was determination of the main criteria and prerequisites for restoration of residences when selecting the method of their restoration, and determination of significance of the characteristics and importance of already reconstructed buildings. The supposed functional purpose of the monument plays an important role in determining the method of reconstruction. The value of the obtained results lies in their nature: mass character of the global scale activity, and as a consequence, their “vitality”, the relevance to modern society. As part of the development and approval of the optimal solution for reconstruction of the architectural monument, it is advisable to use 3D modeling software, which allows us to thoughtfully and as accurately as possible determine all aspects of the planned action.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.2.170-189
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Leonova Anna Nikolaevna -
Kuban State Technological University (KubGTU)
andidate of technical sciences, the associate professor, Kuban State Technological University (KubGTU), 2 Moskovskaya st., Krasnodar, 350072, Russian Federation.
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Kurochka Maria Vyacheslavovna -
Kuban State Technological University (KubGTU)
student, Kuban State Technological University (KubGTU), 2 Moskovskaya st., Krasnodar, 350072, Russian Federation.
Subject: introduction of energy-efficient materials and decisions in the field of reconstruction is the factor influencing the reduction of heat losses. Use of such materials and decisions leads to considerable economy and improvement of heat insulation properties of the building. Research objectives: establish efficiency of application of methods of passive and active protection of buildings against heat losses and increase of energy-saving during reconstruction. Materials and methods: theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the scientific work of domestic and foreign scientists on the issues of energy efficiency management and introduction of energy-saving technologies at capital construction facilities and educational institutions. General scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization), comparison method, classification method were used during the research. Detailed thermograms of buildings, thermal imaging examinations, and monitoring of microclimate parameters were used. Results: modern approaches to the problem of energy-saving and provision of comfortable living conditions are investigated. The analysis of the use of active and passive methods to improve energy efficiency of buildings is carried out. Conclusions: improving the energy efficiency of buildings during reconstruction must be addressed comprehensively, taking into account measures aimed at increasing the effect of fuel and energy resource consumption.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.7.805-813
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Primin Oleg Grigorievich -
MosvodokanalNIIproekt
Doctor of technical Sciences, Professor, Deputy General Director, MosvodokanalNIIproekt, 22 Pleteshkovsky per., Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation.
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Gromov Grigory Nikolaevich -
MosvodokanalNIIproekt
Head of the Department for the design of sewage and water supply facilities, MosvodokanalNIIproekt, 22 Pleteshkovsky per., Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation.
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Ten Adilovic Andrey -
Joint Stock Company Mosvodokanal
Sewage Network Operations Division Deputy Chief Engineer, Joint Stock Company Mosvodokanal, 2 Pleteshkovsky lane, Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation.
Subject: the deterioration and technical condition of water supply and drainage pipelines in most of Russia’s settlements, the limitation of material resources for their restoration and renovation in conditions of housing and communal services reform, require a scientifically grounded approach to the reconstruction and modernization of these systems [1-4]. To solve these problems, the Government of the Russian Federation approved and introduced normative documents1, 2. According to them, the development of centralized water supply and water disposal systems is carried out only in accordance with the general schemes of these systems3. As part of these schemes, it is necessary to develop an electronic model of a centralized water supply and disposal system for an objective assessment of the impact of activities aimed at optimizing their work [5]. The algorithm for constructing and calibrating the electronic model of the city’s water supply system is the subject of this study. Research objectives: development of a methodology for constructing electronic models and algorithms of calibrations which are applicable to the Russian Zulu software. Materials and methods: for an objective assessment of the impact of long-term measures aimed at improving the operation of the water supply network, as well as the development of the city’s water supply system, we use modeling along with the implementation of an adequate electronic model. The adequacy of the electronic model is achieved via its calibration [6]. The object of the research is the water supply system of Minsk and Salavat in the development of electronic models for realization of their development and reconstruction directions. Results: based on the experience of implementation of a number of water supply systems (Ufa, Irkutsk, Penza, Orenburg, Tyumen, Salavat, Minsk), a methodology for constructing and calibrating electronic models was developed; the algorithms applicable to the Russian Zulu software and necessary for construction of models were also developed. Conclusions: the results of the work are implemented on a number of water supply systems in the cities of Russia and can be recommended for application of information technologies in electronic model realization, the assessment and analysis of the functioning of water supply systems and the optimization of their operation.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.7.847-854
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Usmonov Shukhrat Zaurovich -
Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Senior Lecturer, Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 226 Lenina st., Khujand, 735700, Tajikistan; applicant, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings; 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
The main object of this study is the reconstruction, renovation and modernization of the housing built in the period 1975—1985. These buildings have low energy efficiency due to the poor thermal insulation properties of the walls. These apartments do not meet the necessary requirements for year round warmth and comfort.Reconstruction is more preferable, than new-build, because of the cost saving for the land acquisition. Reconstruction is generally 1.5 times cheaper than new-build with 25—40 % reduced cost on building materials and engineering infrastructure.Increasing the width of the apartment blocks from 12 to 15 m can save 9—10 % on the consumption of thermal energy for heating and reduce the m2 construction cost by 5.5—7.0 %. In—5-9 storey high-rise buildings the savings are 3—5 %.Therefore, the width of the apartment block should preferably be between 9—12 m but could be extended to 18 m. The depth of the apartments themselves will be 5.4 — 6.0 —7.2 or 9.0 m. During the reconstruction of 5-storey residential buildings (Building Type105) in a seismic zone, an increase in the width of the block and the lateral stiffness of the building is achieved by building a new reinforced concrete (RC) frame on both sides of the building with a depth of between 2 and 6 m. This technique is especially effective in increasing the seismic resistance of the building. Self-supporting walls of cellular concrete blocks (density 600 kg/m3 and a thickness of 300 mm) are constructed on the outside of the frame, taking care to avoid cold bridges.Model studies have shown that in the conditions of hot-arid climate the thickness of the air gap in a ventilated facade does not significantly change the cooling-energy consumption of the building, and heating consumption is significantly increased. The building's energy consumption is most influenced by the volume of the air in the air gap. By increasing the ventilation rate in the air gap, the energy consumption for building heating increases and for cooling — slightly decreases. For the conditions of the northern region of Tajikistan, the recommended optimal thickness of the air gap with ventilation is 60 mm.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.2.57-64
References
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- Bulgakov S.N. Energoeffektivnye stroitel'nye sistemy i tekhnologii [Energy-efficient Construction Systems and Technologies]. ABOK. 1999, no. 2, pp. 5—11.
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- Agentstvo po statistike pri Prezidente Respubliki Tadzhikistan. Staticheskie dannye po stroitel'stvu [Statistical Agency under the President of the Republic of Tadjikistan. Statistical Data on Construction]. Available at: http://www.stat.tj/ru/. Date of access: 01.12.2013.
- Usmonov Sh.Z. Modelirovanie energeticheskikh zatrat na otoplenie i okhlazhdenie 5-etazhnogo zhilogo doma i otsenka temperaturnykh usloviy po indeksam teplovogo komforta PMV i PPD [Simulation of Energy Demand for Heating and Cooling of a 5-Storey Residential Building and Evaluation of Thermal Conditions Based on PMV and PPD Thermal Comfort Indices]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 10, pp. 216—229.
- Rekomendatsii po proektirovaniyu i primeneniyu fasadnoy sistemy «Polialpan» dlya stroitel'stva i rekonstruktsii zdaniy [Recomendations on the Design and Use of the Facade System "Polialpan" for Construction and Reconstruction of Buildings]. Moscow, TsNIIEP zhilishcha Publ., 2009, 136 p.
- Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V., Tsykanovskiy E.Yu. Puti povysheniya energoeffektivnosti ekspluatiruemykh zdaniy [Ways to Increase Energy Efficiency of the Operating Buildings]. ABOK. 2004, no. 2, pp. 20—27.
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Malakhova Anna Nikolaevna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Architectural and Structural Design, Department of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Balakshin Andrey Sergeevich -
State Unitary Enterprise of the Moscow Region Mosoblstroytsnil (Mosoblstroytsnil)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Director, State Unitary Enterprise of the Moscow Region Mosoblstroytsnil (Mosoblstroytsnil), 29-2, Olimpiyskiy prospect, Mytishchi, 141006, Moscow Region;
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The authors discuss the arrangement of supplementary floors in the rooms of a boiler house in the course of its renovation back in 1988. A structural solution contemplating supplementary floors made of small reinforced concrete slabs resting on steel beams was implemented in the course of renovation. Pursuant to the proposed design solution, reinforced concrete slabs were arranged with their ribs down and leaned upon ribs of metal beams. The findings demonstrate that small reinforced concrete slabs rest both on top and bottom ribs of metal beams. Moreover, patterns of arrangement of slabs different from the design solution were implemented. Some slab ribs looked down while others looked up. Therefore, the implemented pattern of arrangement of the above elements was different from the one specified in the design, and the difference caused different values of load that the slabs were exposed to, and the same about the pre-designed cross sections of slabs. Alteration of design solutions concerning the load produced by reinforced concrete slabs onto metal beams also caused changes in the levels of supplementary floors of the building versus the design solution. This inconsistency can cause difficulties in terms of design associated with any future reconstruction of a boiler house.The analysis of reinforced concrete slabs performed in the course of the research confirms the possibility of their arrangement according to the pattern different from the one specified in the design.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.3.81-87
References
- Al’bom usovershenstvovannykh zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy dlya kapital’nogo remonta zhilykh domov [Album of Improved Reinforced Concrete Structures for Capital Repairs of Residential Houses]. Leningrad, 1988, pp. 189—212.
- SNiP 52-01—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii. Osnovnye polozheniya [Construction Norms and Rules 52-01—2003. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures. Basic Provisions]. Moscow, 2004, 23 p.
- SP 52-101—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii bez predvaritel’nogo napryazheniya armatury [Code of Rules 52-101—2003. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures without Pre-stressing of the Reinforcement]. Moscow, 2005, 54 p.
- Posobie po proektirovaniyu betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy iz tyazhelogo betona bez predvaritel’nogo natyazheniya armatury (k SP 52-101—2003) [Manual for Design of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures Made of Heavy Concrete without Pre-stressing of the Reinforcement (to Code of Rules 52-101—2003)]. TsNIIPromzdaniy Publ., Moscow, 2005, 214 p.
- Burak L.Ya., Rabinovich G.M. Tekhnicheskaya ekspertiza zhilykh zdaniy staroy zastroyki [Technical Examination of Old Residential Buildings]. Leningrad, 1977, pp. 51—54.
- Konstruktivnye detali zhilykh i grazhdanskikh zdaniy [Structural Elements of Residential and Public Buildings]. Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe arkhitekturnoe izdatel’stvo publ., 1949, 129 p.
- Ayrumyan E.L., Rumyantseva I.A. Armirovanie monolitnoy zhelezobetonnoy plity perekrytiya stal’nym profilirovannym nastilom [Reinforcement of a Monolithic Concrete Floor Slab Using a Profiled Steel Deck]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2007, no. 4, pp. 25—27.
- STO 0047—2005. Perekrytiya stalezhelezobetonnye s monolitnoy plitoy po stal’nomu profilirovannomu nastilu. Raschet i proektirovanie [Standards of Organizations 0047—2005. Composite Steel and Reinforced Concrete Floors with a Monolithic Slab over a Profiled Steel Deck. Analysis and Design]. Moscow, 2005, 63 p.
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Sapukhin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Hydraulics, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Kurochkina Valentina Aleksandrovna -
26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Hydraulics and Water Resources, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation, ;
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Novikov Sergey Olegovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
student, Institute of Construction and Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The authors consider particular methods, technologies and organizational aspects that may be implemented in the construction and renovation of pipelines using polythene materials instead of metals due to their economic and practical efficiency. It is noteworthy that the corrosion problem of steel pipelines is the phenomenon of metal destruction that reduces the throughput of pipelines and facilitates obstructions, juncture cleavages and water leaks as a result of reduction of service lives of pipelines. The authors analyzed the efficiency of polythene pipes from the viewpoint of hydraulic processes and the economic expediency; the authors identified that the polythene pipe’s throughput is 3 times as much as the one of steel pipes. Also, the authors determined the economic efficiency of polythene pipes: USD 0.5 million per 1 kilometer of pipeline.The authors take account of the technology-related aspect, as the water pipeline construction and reconstruction processes are limited by dense urban environments or due to the absence of overhaul factories in the close proximity to pipelines. Therefore, the results of the analysis evidence the efficiency of application of polythene in construction and reconstruction of pipeline engineering systems. It is highly resistant to abrasion and corrosion; it boosts the water flow velocity due to the low rough-ness of the internal surface; its service life is long enough, and its transportation is problem-free.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.7.96-105
References
- Kurochkina V.A. Vliyanie vozdukha v truboprovode na velichinu gidravlicheskogo udara [Influence of Air inside Pipelines onto Water Hammer Intensity]. Stroitel’stvo — formirovanie sredy zhiznedeyatel’nosti : Sb. trudov IV Mezhdunar. mezhvuz. nauch.-prakt. konf. molodykh uchenykh, aspirantov i doktorantov. [Construction – Formation of the Environment. Collected works of the 4th International inter-university science and practice conference of young researchers, postgraduates and doctoral students]. Moscow, 2001, pp. 84—88.
- Sapukhin A.A., Pavlov E.I., Gergalov L.A. Opredelenie raskhodov v vodootvodyashchikh kollektorakh, rabotayushchikh v napornom rezhime [Identification of Consumption Rates in Sewage Reservoirs Operating in the Pressure Mode]. Stroitel’nye materialy, izdeliya i santekhnika [Construction Materials, Products and Sanitary Engineering]. Kiev, Budivel’nik Publ., 1987, no. 10, pp. 35—42.
- Khachaturov A.K., Rubashov A.M. Vodno-khimicheskiy rezhim sovmestnoy raboty sistemy oborotnogo okhlazhdeniya TETs i teploseti [Water Chemistry Mode of Joint Operation of the System of Reverse Cooling of TPPs and Heating Networks]. Ochistka prirodnykh i stochnykh vod. Sb. nauch. tr. [Treatment of Natural and Sewage Water. Collection of research works]. Moscow, 2009, pp. 20—24.
- Frenkel’ N.Z. Gidravlika. Ch. 1 [Hydraulics. Part 1]. Moscow – Leningrad, Gosenergizdat Publ., 1956, pp. 210—239.
- Krzys B. White Paper on Rehabilitation of Waste Water Collection and Water Distribution Systems. EPA, 2009, no. 9, pp. 24. Available at: http://nepis.epa.gov. Date of access: 17.04.13.
- Ginzburg Ya.N., Leznov B.S. Sovremennye metody regulirovaniya rezhimov raboty sistem vodosnabzheniya krupnykh gorodov [Contemporary Methods of Regulation of Modes of Operation of Water Supply Systems of Major Cities]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika. Sb. [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering. Collected Works]. Moscow, GOSINTI Publ., 1976, pp. 51—62.
- Agachev V.I., Vinogradov D.A. Sostoyanie i perspektivy bestransheynogo metoda vosstanovleniya sistem vodosnabzheniya i vodootvedeniya [State of and Prospects for the Trenchless Method of Restoration of Water Supply and Discharge Systems]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 2003, no. 12, pp. 15—24.
- Kosygin A.B. Avariynyy remont vodoprovoda pri pomoshchi telerobotov [Emergency Repairs of Water Supply Pipelines Using Tele-operated Robots]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 2000, no. 2, pp. 9—16.
- Khramenkov S.V. Tekhnologiya vosstanovleniya truboprovodov bestransheynymi metodami [Technology for Restoration of Pipelines Using Trenchless Methods]. Sb. statey i publikatsiy Moskovskogo Vodokanala [Collected articles and publications of Vodokanal - Moscow Water Services Company]. Moscow, 2004, pp. 236—251.
- Najafi M. Structural Evaluation of No-Dig Manhole Rehabilitation Technologies. Benjamin Media, 2013. Available at: http://www.trenchlessonline.com. Date of access: 17.04.13.
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Usmonov Shukhrat Zaurovich -
Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Senior Lecturer, Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 226 Lenina st., Khujand, 735700, Tajikistan; applicant, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings; 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Comfort inside buildings is dependent on temperature, humidity and other parameters. Usually the higher the temperature and humidity, the more people feel discomfort. However, if the internal relative humidity is low, the inhabitant also feels uncomfortable as a result. Headache, eye irritation, sore throat and dry skin are the symptoms of these dry conditions. Dry air reduces natural protection from bacteria, infections, and makes people vulnerable to attacks of viruses and other micro-organisms. In addition to the problems associated with low humidity, excessively high humidity can also cause problems. The optimal level of humidity in the room contributes significantly to the comfortable environment. Chill may be perceived differently at the same temperature with different values of air humidity in the room. Comfort is determined by the ratio of room temperature to humidity. The temperature perceived inside and dependent on the moisture content, is measured by the Humidex index.European regulations define a desirable range of relative humidity and comfort. The humidity-dependent zone of comfort rests within this range. High temperatures are less tolerable in the high humidity environment. Modeling results obtained before and after the renovation and modernization of a five-story residential building (105 series) in Khujand, Tajikistan, helped to define the ideal parameters of relative humidity and comfort. The author proposes an ideal ratio of relative humidity to comfort and demonstrates that the optimum humidity and temperature values contribute significantly to the comfort of a person in the hot, dry climate of Central Asia.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.7.152-156
References
- Schmidt R., Dipl. Ing., Nicolaysen T. Precision or Comfort Air Conditioning? Hamburg, 2006, STULZ GmbH, 6 p.
- ASHRAE Handbook. Fundamentals. 2005, pp. 8—17.
- Fanger P.O. Thermal Comfort Analysis and Applications in Environmental Engineering. New York, 1970, McGraw Hill, 244 p.
- Fanger P.O. Thermal comfort. Malabar, Florida, Robert E. Crieger publ., 1982.
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Usmonov Shukhrat Zaurovich -
Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Senior Lecturer, Khujand Politechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University by academic M. Osimi (PITTU); Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 226 Lenina st., Khujand, 735700, Tajikistan; applicant, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings; 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
The energy demand of a 5-storey residential building (a 105 series design structure built in 1980), located in the city of Khujand, Tajikistan, was simulated at the Fraunhofer Institute of Building Physics in Germany using WUFI+ software. The purpose of the simulation was to reduce the energy demand for its heating and cooling, as well as to ensure thermal comfort inside the building in the course of its reconstruction and modernization. Reconstruction and modernization of this residential building includes the construction of POLYALPAN ventilated façade, application of mineral wool insulation sheets, aerated concrete blocks, and replacement of old windows by the sealed double glazing.The analysis of micro-climatic parameters of this residential building is performed in furtherance of Category II of EN 15251 "Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics", and it is based on the comprehensive assessment of the values of heat indexes PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied). The research is based on the modeling pattern limiting the air temperature values on the premises during the heating period and reducing the energy demand for its heating through the employment of a heat exchanger. The findings prove that the analysis of micro-climatic parameters of buildings would benefit from the comprehensive and integrated assessment of the values of thermal comfort indexes PMV and PPD and from the evaluation of thermal insulation properties of clothes. Moreover, the findings demonstrate the need for development of national standards of the microclimate inside residential buildings. The research was based on the data simulating the climatic conditions in the northern region of Tajikistan during an extremely hot summer season and the optimum indoor air temperature of +24,3 °C instead of 20—22 °C. The research has proven that it is advisable to record the cooling data for five hottest months (May through September) instead of three, which is a common practice. The energy savings of 47,5 % were achieved using a 90 % efficient heat recovery procedure during the winter period when mechanical ventilation systems are in operation. Using heat exchangers after the renovation and modernization of residential buildings can significantly reduce the load on the heating system of a building.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.10.216-229
References
- Bulgakov S.N. Novye tekhnologii sistemnogo resheniya kriticheskikh problem gorodov [New Technologies for Comprehensive Resolution of Critical Urban Problems]. Izvestiya Vuzov: Stroitel’stvo [News of Institutions of Higher Education. Construction] 1998, no. 3, pp. 5—23.
- MKS ChT (SNiP RT) 23-02—2009. Teplovaya zashchita zdaniy. [MKS CHT (Construction Norms and Rules of the Republic of Tajikistan) 23-02—2009. Thermal Protection of Buildings].
- Nigmatov I.I. Proektirovanie zdaniy v regionakh s zharkim klimatom s uchetom energosberezheniy, mikroklimata i ekologii [Design of Buildings in Hot Climates with Account for Energy Saving, Microclimate, and Ecology]. Dushanbe, Irfon Publ., 2007, 303 p.
- ASHRAE Handbook. Fundamentals. SI Edition. 2005, pp. 8—17.
- Fanger P.O. Thermal Comfort Analysis and Applications in Environmental Engineering. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1970, 244 p.
- Fanger P.O. Thermal Comfort. Robert E. Crieger, Malabar, Florida, 1982.
- Vatin N.I., Samoplyas T.V. Sistemy ventilyatsii zhilykh pomeshcheniy mnogokvartirnykh domov [Ventilation Systems for Living Spaces of Multiple-occupancy Buildings]. St.Petersburg, 2004, 66 p.
- Kompaniya AIRKON GRUPP. Vozdushnyy rekuperator tepla i vlagi EcoLuxe EC-3400H3 dlya sistem pritochno-vytyazhnoy ventilyatsii. [AIRKON GRUPP Company. Heat and Moisture Exchanger EcoLuxe EC-3400H3 for Combined Extract-and-input Systems]. Available at: http://www.climatexpo.ru/main/members/novelty/1216/. Date of access: 05.05.2013.
- EN 15251. Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics. May, 2007.
- Olesen B.W. Information paper on EN 15251 Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics. P. 114. Energy Performance of Buildings. CENSE, 15.02.2010, pp. 1—7.
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Abramyan Susanna Grantovna -
Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Construction Technologies, Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE), 1 Akademicheskaya str., Volgograd, 400074, Russian Federation; +7 (8442) 96-99-58;
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Potapov Aleksandr Dmitrievich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academic Secretary of the Academic Council
8 (499) 183-15-87, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Jaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia;
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.
On the modern stage of reconstruction and major repairs of linear parts of main pipelines lots of technologies exist. In scientific literature authors often raise questions on ecological justification of major pipelines design. Choosing ecologically safe technology taking into account the machines, mechanisms and equipment used, their quantity, physical parameters, designed life state, nature and climatic conditions is a complicated process. In the article the stages of ecological justification of technological processes are considered in case of reconstruction and overhaul of the main pipelines. Each stage has its purpose, which corresponds to a certain stage of life cycle of the main pipeline: design and reconstruction (capital repairs). The choice of ecologically safe technology is based on exhaustive information, which is acquired by means of application of GIS-technologies.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.8.91-97
References
- Lantsova I.V., Kotlyarskiy S.A., Tulyakova G.V. Problemy razrabotki ekologicheskogo obosnovaniya proektirovaniya magistral'nykh truboprovodov [Development Problems of Ecological Justification for Major Pipelines Design]. Ekologicheskie sistemy i pribory [Ecological Systems and Devices]. 2008, no. 7, pp. 34—39.
- Grafkina M.V. Model' otsenki geoekologicheskoy bezopasnosti sozdavaemykh prirodno-tekhnologicheskikh system [Estimation Model of Geoecological Safety of Nature-Technological Systems]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2008, no. 4, pp. 39—141.
- Proshin I.A., Syulin P.V. Metodika nauchnykh issledovaniy ekosistem [Methods of Scientific Investigations of Ecosystems]. Ekologicheskie sistemy i pribory [Ecological Systems and Devices]. 2013, no. 12, pp. 26—32.
- Bol'sherotov A.L. Metodologicheskie podkhody i interpretatsiya matematicheskikh modeley otsenki ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti stroitel'stva [Methodological Approaches and Mathematical Models Interpretation of Ecological Safety Estimation in Construction]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 1, vol. 1, pp. 39—44.
- Goodland Robert, editor. Oil and Gas. Pipelines Social and Environmental Impact Assessment: State of the Art. Available at: http://coecoceiba.org/wp-content/subidas/2009/11/pub76.pdf. Date of access: 17.03.2014.
- Hopkins Phil. Comprehensive Structural Integrity. Vol. 1. The Structural Integrity of Oil and Gas Transmission Pipelines. Penspen Ltd., UK, May 2002. Available at: http://www.penspen.com/downloads/papers/documents/thestructuralintegrityofoilandgastransmissionpipelines.pdf. Date of access: 24.02.2014.
- Salah Ahmad M., Atwood Denis. ONE Route Good Enough? Using ArcGIS Network Analyst in Pipeline Alignment Optimization. ArcUser, 2010. Vol. 14, no. 2. Available at: http://www.esri.com/ news/arcuser/0410/pipeline.html. Date of access: 24.02.2014.
- Potapov A.D., Abramyan S.G., Savenya S.N. Kontseptsiya bezopasnoy ekspluatatsii truboprovodnykh sistem (ekologicheskiy aspekt) [Safety Operation Concept of Pipeline Systems]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 2, pp. 102—107.
- Abramyan S.G. Ekologicheskoe obespechenie stroitel'stva lineyno-protyazhennykh sooruzheniy [Ecological Support of Linear Extended Structures Construction]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 3, pp. 114—119.
- Abramyan S.G., Potapov A.D. Ekologizatsiya lineynykh ob"ektnykh remontnostroitel'nykh potokov pri rekonstruktsii lineyno-protyazhennykh ob"ektov [Ecologization of Linear Facility Repair and Construction Flows in the Process of Linear Extended Objects’ Reconstruction]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 4, pp. 9—13.
- Defina John, Maitin Izak, Gray Arnold L. New Jersey Uses GIS To Collect Site Remediation Data. April-June 1998, ArcUser. Available at: http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/arcuser 4.98/newjersey.html. Date of access: 24.02.2014.
- Xiong Jian, Su Lanqian, Zhang Zhenyong. The Estimation of Pipeline Routes Workload Base on GIS Technology. Available at: http://www.kgu.or.kr/download.php?tb=bbs_017&fn=wgcFinal00166.pdf&rn=wgcFinal00166.pdf.
- Idrisov I.R., Minyaylo I.V., Ratsen S.I. Ekologizatsiya rekonstruktsii magistral'nykh nefteprovodov [Ecologization of Main Pipelines Reconstruction]. Vestnik TyumGU [Proceedings of Tyumen State University]. 1999, Issue 3, pp. 63—72.
- Mamin R.G., Cherepanova E.V., Nazamov I.M. Ekologo-ekonomicheskie mekhanizmy prirodopol'zovaniya v gorodakh Rossii i vozmozhnosti primeneniya GIS-tekhnologiy [Ecological and Economical Mechanisms of Environmental Management in Russian Cities and the Possibility of GIS-technologies Application]. Ekonomika prirodopol'zovaniya [Environmental Management Economy]. 2008, no. 3, pp. 33—40.
- Galuev V.I. Tekhnologiya postroeniya fiziko-geologicheskikh modeley zemnoy kory po regional'nym profilyam [Development of Physical and Geological Models of Earth Crust according to Regional Lines]. Geoinformatika [Geomatics]. 2008, no. 1, pp. 1—12. Available at: http://www.geosys.ru/images/articles/Galuev_1_2008.pdf. Date of access: 26.05.2014.
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Grabovyy Kirill Petrovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Doctor of Economical Sciences, Professor, Department of Construction and Property Management, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation;
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Kiseleva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Construction Organization and Control in Real Estate, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 781-80-07;
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The most possible increase of market value after large-scale reconstruction can be reached when a building or a group of buildings are situated in rather economically attractive areas, while the most part of the area is already repaired. In these cases the costs of repairs can be compensated by means of increase in the market value and sale of additional floors. The wide use of more effective methods of construction can also increase the price in the repaired real estate objects. The influence on the economic value of houses and buildings can be considerable also due to the improvement of operational qualities and because of an esthetic component. The opportunities for substantial increase of energy efficiency in economic sense are directly connected with the needs for large-scale reconstruction of the outdated building. Nevertheless, the changes of just windows, repair of facades, etc. lead to reasonable improvement of power efficiency, and respectively and building costs in general. The use of natural resources in construction during repairs of the building and at the stage of operation influences the environment. The influence degree depends not only on isolation, but also on the choice of the type of repair, energy efficiency, front and roofing materials, and also on the use of energy raw materials, necessary for construction process.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.3.79-91
References
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- Mikhaylov S.A., Balyabina A.A. Regional’nye aspekty problemy energosberezheniya [Regional Aspects of the Problem of Energy Saving]. Sovremennye energeticheskie sistemy i kompleksy i upravlenie imi : materialy VIII Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Modern Power Systems and Complexes and Management: Materials of the 8h International Science and Practice Conference]. Novocherkassk, YuRGTU (NPI) Publ., 2010, pp. 49—52. (In Russian)
- Fuerst F., McAllister P. The Impact of Energy Performance Certificates on the Rental and Capital Values of Commercial Property Assets. Energy Policy. 2011, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 6608—6614. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.005.
- Qian Q.K., Chan E.H.W., Choy L.H.T. Real Estate Developers’ Concerns about Uncertainty In Building Energy Efficiency (BEE) Investment — A Transaction Costs (TCs) Perspective. Journal of Green Building. 2013, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 116—129. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.7.4.116.
- Kok N., Jennen M. The Impact of Energy Labels and Accessibility on Office Rents. Energy Policy. 2012, vol. 46, pp. 489—497.
- Shlychkov V.V. Energeticheskaya bezopasnost’ kak faktor ustoychivogo ekonomicheskogo razvitiya [Energy Security as a Factor of Sustainable Economic Development]. Energetika Tatarstana [Energy of Tatarstan]. 2008, no. 3, pp. 62—69. (In Russian)
- Nikolikhina Yu.A. Povyshenie effektivnosti ekspluatatsii ob’’ektov zhiloy nedvizhimosti [Improving the Operational Efficiency of Residential Real Estate Objects]. Nauchnoe obozrenie [Scientific Review]. 2013, no. 9, pp. 650—653. (In Russian)
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Petreneva Ol’ga Vladimirovna -
Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU)
Associate Professor, Department of Construction Production and Geotechnics, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU), 29 Komsomol’skiy prospekt, Perm, 614990, Russian Federation;
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Pikuleva Valeriya Olegovna -
Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU)
Master student, Department of Construction Production and Geotechnics, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU), 29 Komsomol’skiy prospekt, Perm, 614990, Russian Federation;
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.
RECONSTRUCTION IN A CITY The demand in comfortable housing has always been very high. The building density is not the same in different regions and sometimes there is no land for new housing construction, especially in the central regions of cities. Moreover, in many cities cultural and historical centers remain, which create the historical appearance of the city, that’s why new construction is impossible in these regions. Though taking into account the depreciation and obsolescence, the operation life of many buildings come to an end, they fall into disrepair. In these cases there arises a question on the reconstruction of the existing residential, public and industrial buildings. The aim of the reconstruction is bringing the existing worn-out building stock into correspondence with technical, social and sanitary requirements and living standards and conditions. The authors consider the currency and reasons for reconstruction of residential buildings. They attempt to answer the question, what is more economical efficient: new construction or reconstruction of residential buildings. The article offers a method to calculate the efficiency of residential buildings reconstruction.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.3.122-134