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The experimental research of GFRPand BFRP operation under compression

Vestnik MGSU 1/2014
  • Lapshinov Andrey Evgenievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, assistant, Department of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe schosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 52-57

In the foreign countries there are not only design guidelines but also standards for testing FRP materials. These codes do not recommend using FRP bars in compressive members, such as columns. But the compressive strength shouldn’t be neglected according to those design codes. In our country the standards for FRP testing and design codes are just in the process of development.This paper contains the results of a compression testing of GFRP and BFRP with different configurations. The proposed height of the specimen was 1d, 3d and 5d. The results of the tests and failure mechanisms of the samples are discussed. The author also gives strain distribution in dependence with the specimen type. The conclusions and proposals for the use of FRP reinforcement in compression are offered. One of the main conclusions is that with the height increase the compressive strength also increases, while the strain decreases.Basing on the survey results the ratio of tensile strength to compressive strength and the ratio of compressive elasticity modulus to tensile elasticity modulus are given.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.1.52-57

References
  1. ACI 440.1R—06. Guide for the Design and Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars. ACI Committee 440, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich, 2006, 44 p.
  2. ACI 440.3R—04. Guide for Test Methods for Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) for Reinforcing and Strengthening Concrete Structures. ACI Committee 440, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich, 2004, 40 p.
  3. CNR-DT 203/2006, 2006. Istruzioni per la Progettazione, l’Esecuzione e il Controllo di Strutture di Calcestruzzo armato con Barre di Materiale Composito Fibrorinforzato (in Italian).
  4. CAN/CSA-S6-02, 2002. Design and Construction of Building Components with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers, CAN/CSA S806-02, Canadian Standards Association, Rexdale, Ontario, Canada, 177 p.
  5. Fib Bulletin #40. FRP Reinforcement in RC Structures. 147 p.
  6. ASTM D6641 / D6641M—09. Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Using a Combined Loading Compression (CLC) Test Fixture.
  7. ASTM D3410 / D3410M—03(2008). Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage Section by Shear Loading.
  8. ASTM D695—10. Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics.
  9. GOST 4651—82 (ST SEV 2896—81). Plastmassy. Metod ispytaniya na szhatie [Russian State Standard 4651—82 (ST SEV 2896—81). Plastic. Compression Test Method].
  10. Blaznov A.N., Savin V.F., Volkov Yu.P., Tikhonov V.B. Issledovanie prochnosti i ustoychivosti odnonapravlennykh stekloplastikovykh sterzhney pri osevom szhatii [Examining Strength and Stability of Monodirectional Glass Fiber Rods under Axial Compression]. Mekhanika kompozitsionnykh materialov i konstruktsiy]. 2007, vol.13, no. 3, pp. 426—440.

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PROSPECTS OF POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF NON-METALLIC FRP REINFORCEMENT IN FRP-REINFORCED CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE MEMBERS AS MAIN LONGITUDINAL NON-PRESTRESSED REINFORCEMENT

Vestnik MGSU 10/2015
  • Lapshinov Andrey Evgenievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) postgraduate student, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Pages 96-105

In the foreign countries there exist not only design guidelines but also standards for testing of FRP materials. These codes do not recommend using FRP bars in compressive members, such as columns. But the compressive strength shouldn’t be neglected according to those design codes. In our country the standards for FRP testing and design codes are just in the process of development. This paper contains the analysis results of the possibility of GFRP bars use as the main longitudinal reinforcement in compressive members. The most recent research data on this subject is presented. The studies show that the strength of the specimens grow rapidly with the decreasing tie spacing in columns. We can also make a conclusion that the GFRP bars contribution is only 5 % lower than the contribution of traditional steel bars. Some other research data shows that in case of the tie spacing close to the design codes limitations there is no strength increase in the same specimens made of plain concrete.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.10.96-105

References
  1. Tamrazyan A.G. Beton i zhelezobeton — vzglyad v budushchee [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete — Glance at Future]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 4, pp. 181—189. (In Russian)
  2. Tamrazyan A.G., Filimonova E.A. Struktura tselevoy funktsii pri optimizatsii zhelezobetonnykh plit s uchetom konstruktsionnoy bezopasnosti [Structure of Efficiency Function during Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Account for Structural Safety]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 9, pp. 14—15. (In Russian)
  3. Tamrazyan A.G., Filimonova E.A. Metod poiska rezerva nesushchey sposobnosti zhelezobetonnykh plit perekrytiy [Method of Searching the Bearing Capacity Reserve for Reinforced Concrete Slabs]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 3, pp. 23—25. (In Russian)
  4. SP 63.13330.2012. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii. Osnovnye polozheniya. Aktualizirovannaya redaktsiya SNiP 52-01—2003 [Requirements SP 63.13330.2012. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures. Fundamental Principles. Revised Edition of Construction Norms SNiP 52-01—2003]. Moscow, Minregion Rossii Publ., 2012, 161 p. (In Russian)
  5. Riskind B.Ya. Prochnost’ szhatykh zhelezobetonnykh stoek s termicheski uprochnennoy armaturoy [Reliability of Compressed Reinforced Concrete Poles with Thermally Strengthened Reinforcement]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 1972, no. 11, pp. 31—33. (In Russian)
  6. Khait I.G., Chistyakov E.A. Primenenie vysokoprochnoy armatury v kolonnakh mnogoetazhnykh zdaniy [Application of High-Tensile Reinforcement in the Piles of Multistory Buildings]. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy referat : VTsNIS [Scientific Technical Report : VTsNIS]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1979, Series 8, no. 10, pp. 36—42. (In Russian)
  7. Beysembaev M.K. Prochnost’ szhatykh zhelezobetonnykh elementov s vysokoprochnoy nenapryagaemoy armaturoy : dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni kandidata tekhnicheskikh nauk [Stability of Compressed Reinforced Concrete Elements with High-Tensile Nontensional Reinforcement]. Moscow, NIIZhB Publ., 1991, 154 p. (In Russian)
  8. ACI 440.1R—15. Guide for the Design and Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars. ACI Committee 440, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 2015, 83 p.
  9. CAN/CSA-S6-02. Design and Construction of Building Components with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers, CAN/CSA S806-02. Canadian Standards Association, Rexdale, Ontario, Canada, 2002, 177 p.
  10. CNR-DT 203/2006. Istruzioni per la Progettazione, l’Esecuzione e il Controllo di Strutture di Calcestruzzo armato con Barre di Materiale Composito Fibrorinforzato. Rome, CNR, 2007, 42 p. (In Italian)
  11. Fib Bulletin #40. FRP Reinforcement in RC Structures. 147 p.
  12. Machida A., editor. Recommendation for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures Using Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials. Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE). Concrete Engineering Series No. 23, 1997, 325 p.
  13. ASTM D695—10. Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics. ASTM, 2010, 7 p.
  14. Lapshinov A.E. Issledovanie raboty SPA i BPA na szhatie [The Experimental Research of GFRP and BFRP Operation under Compression]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 1, pp. 52—57. (In Russian)
  15. Blaznov A.N., Savin V.F., Volkov Yu.P., Tikhonov V.B. Issledovanie prochnosti i ustoychivosti odnonapravlennykh stekloplastikovykh sterzhney pri osevom szhatii [Examining Strength and Stability of Monodirectional Glass Fiber Rods under Axial Compression]. Mekhanika kompozitsionnykh materialov i konstruktsiy [Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures]. 2007, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 426—440. (In Russian)
  16. GOST 31938—2012. Armatura kompozitnaya polimernaya dlya armirovaniya betonnykh konstruktsiy. Obshchie tekhnicheskie usloviya [Russian State Standard GOST 31938—2012. Composite Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforcing Concrete Structures. Main Technical Conditions]. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2014, 38 p. (In Russian)
  17. GOST 4651—82 (ST SEV 2896—81). Plastmassy. Metod ispytaniya na szhatie [Russian State Standard 4651—82 (ST SEV 2896-81). Plastic. Compression Test Method]. Moscow, Izd standartov Publ., 1998, 8 p. (In Russian)
  18. Lapshinov A.E., Madatyan S.A. Kolonny, armirovannye stekloplastikovoy i bazal’toplastikovoy armaturoy [Colums, Reinforcing with Fiberglass and BFRP Reinforcement]. Beton i zhelezobeton — vzglyad v budushchee : sbornik trudov II Mezhdunarodnoy, III Vserossiyskoy konferentsii po betonu i zhelezobetonu (g. Moskva, 12—16 maya 2014 g.) [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete — Glance into Future : Collection of the Materials of the 2nd International, 3rd All-Russian Conference on Concrete and Reinforced Concrete (Moscow, May 12—16, 2014)]. Moscow, 2014, vol. III, pp. 67—77. (In Russian)
  19. Afifi M.Z., Mohamed H., Benmokrane B. Axial Capacity of Circular Concrete Columns Reinforced with GFRP Bars and Spirals. Journal of Composites for Construction. 2014, vol. 18 (1). Available at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/260081219_Axial_Capacity_of_Circular_Concrete_Columns_Reinforced_with_GFRP_Bars_and_Spirals. Date of access: 02.06.2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000438.
  20. Hany Tobbi, Ahmed Sabry Farghaly, Brahim Benmokrane. Concrete Columns Reinforced Longitudinally and Transversally with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars. ACI Structural Journal. July—August 2012, vol. 109 (4). Available at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/260389101_Concrete_Columns_Reinforced_Longitudinally_and_Transversally_with_Glass_Fiber-Reinforced_Polymer_Bars. Date of access: 02.06.2015.
  21. Choo C.C., Harik I.E., Gesund H. Concrete Columns Reinforced with FRP Bars: Extending the Life of RC Structures. 34th Conference on Our World in Concrete & Structures. Singapore, 16—18 August 2009, pp. 15—22.
  22. De Luca A., Matta F., Nanni A. Behavior of Full-Scale Concrete Columns Internally Reinforced with Glass FRP Bars Under Pure Axial Load. Composites & Polycon 2009. American Composites Manufacturers Association January 15—17, 2009 Tampa, FL USA. Available at: http://www.bpcomposites.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/behavior_of_fullscale_concrete_columns_internally_reinforced_with_glass_frp_bars_under_pure.pdf. Date of access: 02.06.2015.
  23. Deiveegan A., Kumaran G. Reliability Study of Concrete Columns Internally Reinforced with Non¬Metallic Reinforcements. Int. Journal of Civil and Structural Eng. 2010, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 270—287.
  24. Golovin N.G., Pakhratdinov A.A. Prochnost’ szhatykh zhelezobetonnykh elementov, izgotovlennykh na shchebne iz betona [Reliability of Compressed Reinforced Concrete Elements Produced on Gravel of Concrete]. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiya [Construction and Reconstruction]. 2014, pp. 101—106. (In Russian)

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Analysis of the influence of clay cement concrete components on its characteristics

Vestnik MGSU 10/2016
  • Sol’skiy Stanislav Viktorovich - B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG) Saint Petersburg, 21 Gzhatskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 195220, Russian Federation, B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG), ; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Legina Ekaterina Evgen’evna - B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG) senior research worker, B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG), ; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Orishchuk Roman Nikolaevich - B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG) Director General, B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG), ; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Vasil’eva Zoya Gennad’evna - B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG) senior engineer, B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG), ; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Velichko Aleksey Sergeevich - B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG) engineer, B.E. Vedeneev All Russia Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG), ; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 80-93

A sustained pace of construction of dams and dikes using water resources and intensive development of underground space in the construction of buildings and structures require ensuring anti-seepage measures. For efficient stoppage of fluid flow a variety of methods are applied such as cement and grout curtains, teeth, core walls including ones made of soil-cement mixtures performed by the method of diaphragm wall. The following characteristics are the main selection criteria of the material composition for a diaphragm wall : permeability, strength, deformability, efficiency. Clay-cement-concrete (CCC) is one of the materials satisfying all the above characteristics. The influence of the components used to prepare CCC mixtures on its strength and deformation characteristics was the main objective of the performed study. In order to solve the task, the formulas of CCC used at the objects of hydroengineering construction have been considered. For analyzing the influence of the components of CCC on its characteristics, the dependences of compression strength and deformation modulus of CCC on water-cement and water-astringent ratios have been built. The dependence of compression strength of CCC on the cement/bentonite ratio was built as well. The analysis of the dependences defined that the compression strength of CCC depends primarily on water-cement ratio and the amount of cement used in the composition. The increase in the value of water-cement ratio and water-astringent ratio leads to monotone decrease of the compression strength of CCC and the deformation modulus of CCC. Change of the quantitative content of one or more components of CCC composition allows controlling physical-mechanical characteristics of the anti-seepage element which is an important advantage of clay-cement-concrete. The performed analysis of the influence of CCC formula on its physical and mechanical properties can be used to select the optimal composition of CCC when solving specific hydroengineering tasks.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.10.80-93

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