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DESIGNING AND DETAILING OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. MECHANICS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Featuresof the stress-and-strain state of outer walls under the influence of variable temperatures

Vestnik MGSU 10/2013
  • Kremnev Vasiliy Anatol'evich - LLC "InformAviaKoM" Director General, LLC "InformAviaKoM", 2 Pionerskaya str., Korolev, Moscow Region, 141074, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 645-20-62; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kuznetsov Vitaliy Sergeevich - Mytishchi Branch, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Architectural and Construction Design, Mytishchi Branch, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 50 Olimpiyskiy prospect, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141006, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 583-07-65; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Talyzova Yuliya Aleksandrovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Assistant, Department of Architectural and Structural Design, Mytishchi Branch, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 50 Olimpiyskiy prospect, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141006, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 52-59

The authors draw attention to possible problems in the process of construction and operation of monolithic frame buildings, construction of which is now widespread. It is known that cracks can often appear in the facade and side walls. The size of the cracks can exceed the allowable limits and repair does not lead to their complete elimination. Also cracks significantly mar the appearance of a building. Thus, the relevance of this study lies not only in fuller understanding of the operation of walls, but also in the ability to prevent undesirable effects.The authors calculated temperature effects for boundary walls of the building blocks made of heavy concrete. The original dimensions of the walls conformed to a grid of columns for the majority of residential and public buildings.The stress-and-strain state of the walls in case of temperature changes is observed in detail, including the transition from sub-zero to above-zero temperatures within the same section (wall). It was revealed that the temperature variations within the established limits may cause stress-and-strain state in the walls, in which the temperature tensile stresses can exceed the tensile strength of materials. The article contains effective means of reducing thermal strains, which can prevent temperature and shrinkage cracking.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.10.52-59

References
  1. Krivoshein A.D., Fedorov S.V. K voprosu o raschete privedennogo soprotivleniya teploperedache ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy [On the Problem of Calculating the Reduced Thermal Resistance of Building Envelopes]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 8. Available at: http://www.engstroy.spb.ru Date of access: 5.12.12.
  2. Derkach V.N., Orlovich R.B. Voprosy kachestva i dolgovechnosti oblitsovki sloistykh kamennykh sten [Issues of Quality and Durability of the Lining of Layered Stone Walls]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2. Available at: http://www.engstroy.spb.ru Date of access: 5.12.12.
  3. Soon-Ching Ng, Kaw-Sai Low, Ngee-Heng Tioh. Newspaper Sandwiched Aerated Lightweight Concrete Wall Panels — Thermal inertia, transient thermal behavior and surface temperature prediction. Energy and Buildings. 2011, vol. 43, no. 7, pp. 1636—1645.
  4. Sami A. Al-Sanea, Zedan M.F. Effect of Thermal Bridges on Transmission Loads and Thermal Resistance of Building Walls under Dynamic Conditions. Applied Energy. 2012, vol. 98, pp. 584—593.
  5. Chengbin Zhang, Yongping Chen, Liangyu Wu, Mingheng Shi. Thermal Response of Brick Wall Filled with Phase Change Materials (PCM) under Fluctuating Outdoor Temperatures. Energy and Buildings. 2011. vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 3514—3520.
  6. Pinsker V.A., Vylegzhanin V.P. Teplofizicheskie ispytaniya fragmenta kladki steny iz gazobetonnykh blokov marki po plotnosti D400 [Thermophysical Test of a Segment of Masonry Walls Made of Aerated Concrete Blocks Mark with the Density D400]. Inzhenernostroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 8. Available at: http://www.engstroy.spb.ru Date of access: 10.07.13.
  7. Knat'ko M.V., Gorshkov A.S., Rymkevich P.P. Laboratornye i naturnye issledovaniya dolgovechnosti (ekspluatatsionnogo sroka sluzhby) stenovoy konstruktsii iz avtoklavnogo gazobetona s oblitsovochnym sloem iz silikatnogo kirpicha [Laboratory and Field Studies of Durability (Operating Life) of a Wall Structure Made of Autoclave Aerated Concrete with Facing Layer made of Sand-lime Brick]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 8. Available at: http://www.engstroy.spb.ru Date of access: 10.07.13.
  8. Ogorodnik V.M., Ogorodnik Yu.V. Nekotorye problemy obsledovaniya zdaniy s otdelkoy litsevym kirpichom v Sankt-Peterburge [Some Problems of the Inspection of Buildings having Face Brick Finishing in St. Petersburg]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 7. Available at: http://www.engstroy.spb.ru Date of access: 7.02.12.
  9. Snegirev A.I., Al'khimenko A.I. Vliyanie temperatury zamykaniya pri vozvedenii na napryazheniya v nesushchikh konstruktsiyakh [The Influence of Circuit Temperature on the Stresses in the Process of Construction of Load-bearing Structures]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2008, no. 2. Available at: http://www.engstroy.spb.ru Date of access: 7.02.12.
  10. Karpilovskiy V.S. SCADOFFICE. Vychislitel'nyy kompleks Scad [SCADOFFICE. Computing System Scad]. Moscow, 2011, pp. 274—283.

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NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF MONOLITHIC CHARACTER OF THICK-WALLED ANISOTROPIC SHELL

Vestnik MGSU 7/2016
  • Memarianfard Mahsa - K.N. Toosi University of Technology Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Ecology, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, 470 Mirdamad Ave. West, 19697, Tehran, Iran; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Turusov Robert Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Memarianfard Memaryanfard - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 36-45

This paper presents t experimental and numerical studies of cracking in the thick-walled filament-wound cylindrical shells made of fiber reinforced plastic during the manufacturing process (specifically, in the process of curing and cooling). The experiments have shown that, when the cylinder is cooled by optimum cooling regime, at the end of the cooling process the obtained cylinder is monolithic and without ring cracking. In this regard, the residual thermal stresses in thick-walled cylinder in the cooling process is calculated using finite element method with account for transient heat conduction and the temperature dependence of the mechanical properties of the material and the viscoelastic behavior of the polymer. The calculations are conducted for cooling in standard and optimum regimes. The results showed that the maximum radial stress in the most dangerous initial area is several times less when the cylinder is cooled down in the optimum regime than when it is cooled in the standard regime.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.7.36-45

References
  1. Ekel’chik V.S., Klyunin O.S. Novyy podkhod k sozdaniyu oblegchennykh metallo-plastikovykh ballonov vysokogo davleniya dlya szhatykh gazov [New Approach to the Creation of Lightweight Reinforced-Plastic High Pressure Cylinders for Compressed Gases]. Voprosy materialovedeniya [Problems of Materials Science]. 2003, no. 2 (34), pp. 26—31. (In Russian)
  2. Turusov R.A., Memaryanfard H. Diskretnaya model’ v analize ostatochnykh napryazheniy odnonapravlennykh namotochnykh tsilindrov iz armirovannogo plastika v protsesse okhlazhdeniya [Discrete Model in the Analysis of Residual Stresses in Unidirectional Winding Cylinders Made of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2015, no. 1, pp. 27—35. (In Russian)
  3. Turusov R.A., Korotkov V.N., Rogozinskiy A.K., Kuperman A.M., Sulyaeva Z.P. Tekhnologicheskaya monolitnost’ obolochek iz polimernykh kompozitnykh materialov [Monolithic Technology of the Shells of Polymer Composite Materials]. Mekhanika kompozitnykh materialov [Mechanics of Composite Materials]. 1987, no. 6, pp. 1072—1076. (In Russian)
  4. Turusov R.A., Korotkov V.N., Rogozinskiy A.K. Temperaturnye napryazheniya v tsilindre iz kompozitnogo materiala v protsesse ego okhlazhdeniya i khraneniya [Thermal Stresses in a Cylinder Made of a Composite Material in the Process of Cooling and Storage]. Mekhanika kompozitnykh materialov [Mechanics of Composite Materials]. 1983, no. 2, pp. 290—295. (In Russian)
  5. Korotkov V.N., Dubovitskiy A.Ya., Turusov R.A., Rozenberg B.A. Teoriya optimizatsii rezhima okhlazhdeniya tolstostennykh izdeliy iz kompozitnykh materialov [Optimization Theory of Cooling Regime of Thick-Walled Products Made of Composite Materials]. Mekhanika kompozitnykh materialov [Mechanics of Composite Materials]. 1982, no. 6, pp. 1051—1055. (In Russian)
  6. Bolotin V.V., Blagonadezhin V.L., Varushkin E.M., Perevozchikov V.G. Ostatochnye napryazheniya v namotochnykh elementakh konstruktsiy iz armirovannykh plastikov [Residual Stresses in Winding Elements of Constructions Made of Reinforced Plastics]. Moscow, Izdatel’stvo TsNII informatsii Publ., 1977. (In Russian)
  7. Bolotin V.V., Vorontsov A.N. Formation of Residual Stresses in Components Made out of Laminated and Fibrous Composites during the Hardening Process. Mechanics of Composites. September 1976, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 701—705. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00856324.
  8. Afanas’ev Yu.A., Ekel’chik B.C., Kostritskiy S.N. Temperaturnye napryazheniya v tolstostennykh ortotropnykh tsilindrakh iz armirovannykh polimernykh materialov pri neodnorodnom okhlazhdenii [Temperature Stresses in Thick-Walled Orthotropic Cylinders Made of Reinforced Polymer Materials in Case of Inhomogeneous Cooling]. Mekhanika kompozitnykh materialov [Mechanics of Composite Materials]. 1980, no. 4, pp. 651—660. (In Russian)
  9. Hyer M.W., Rousseau C.Q. Thermally-Induced Stresses and Deformations in Angle-Ply Composite Tubes. Journal of Composite Materials. 1987, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 454—480. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199838702100504.
  10. Jerome T. Tzeng. Prediction and Experimental Verification of Residual Stresses in Thermoplastic Composites. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials. April 1995, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 163—179. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089270579500800202.
  11. Tzeng T., Chien L.S. A Thermal Viscoelastic Analysis for Thick-Walled Composite Cylinders. Journal of Composite Materials March. 1995, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 525—548.
  12. Wisnom M.R., Stringer L.G., Hayman R.J., Hinton M.J. Curing Stresses in Thick Polymer Composite Components. Part I: Analysis. 12th International Conference on Composite Materials, Paris, July 1999. Woodhead Publishing Ltd, 1999, p. 859. Available at: http://iccm-central.org/Proceedings/ICCM12proceedings/site/papers/pap859.pdf.
  13. Li C., Wisnom M.R., Stringer L.G., Hayman R., Hinton M.J. Effect of Mandrel Contact on Residual Stresses During Cure of Filament Wound Tubes. 8th International Conference on Fibre Reinforced Composites, 13—15 September 2000, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK. 2000, pp. 105—112.
  14. Gorbatkina Yu.A. Adhesive Strength of Fibre-Polymer Systems. New York, London, Ellis Horwood, 1992, 264 p.
  15. Turusov R.A. Adgezionnaya mekhanika [Adhesion Mechanics]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2015, 230 p. (In Russian)
  16. Babich V.F. Issledovanie vliyaniya temperatury na mekhanicheskie kharakteristiki zhestkikh setchatykh polimerov : avtoreferat dissertatsii … kandidata tekhnicheskikh nauk [Study of Temperature Influence on the Mechanical Properties of Rigid Cross-Linked Polymers : Abstract of the Dissertation of Candidate of Technical Sciences]. Moscow, 1966, 12 p. (In Russian)
  17. Gurevich G.I. Deformiruemost’ sred i rasprostranenie seysmicheskikh voln [Deformability of Media and Propagation of Seismic Waves]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974, 482 p. (In Russian)
  18. Nemat-Nasser S., Hori M. Micromechanics: Overall Properties of Heterogeneous Materials. Amsterdam, Elsevier Science Publishers, 1993.
  19. Aboudi J. Mechanics of Composite Materials, a Unified Micromechanical Approach. Amsterdam, Elsevier Science Publishers, 1991.
  20. Zihui Xia, Yunfa Zhang, Fernand Ellyin. A Unified Periodical Boundary Conditions for Representative Volume Elements of Composites and Applications. International Journal of Solids and Structure. April 2003, vol. 40, issue 8, pp. 1907—1921. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00024-6.
  21. Zheng-Ming Huang, Li-min Xin. Stress Concentration Factors of Matrix in a Compo-Site. Subjected to Transverse Loads. ICCM 2014, July 28—30. Cambridge, 3 p. Available at: http://www.sci-en-tech.com/ICCM2014/PDFs/321-979-1-PB.pdf.

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Principles of classification of soilmasses for construction purposes

Vestnik MGSU 9/2013
  • Chernyshev Sergey Nikolaevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Geologo-Mineralogical Sciences, Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 41-46

The author proposes original grounds for the classification of the full range of soil masses as a supplement to the classification of soils provided in GOST 25100—2011. The author proposes four classes of soil masses, each class having several types and sub-types of soils. The classification will improve the accuracy of engineering and geological surveys and computer models of the geological environment developed for the purpose of design of buildings and structures. The author offers a classification of soils to identify the geological environment comprising one or more types of soil which are genetically and structurally distinct. Any soil mass type differs by its origin, and, as a consequence, its internal geological structure, stress-strain state and inherent geological processes. Any genetically isolated type of soils a specific program of research, both in terms of methods and in terms of density testing in the point of sampling. The behavior of rock masses together with the engineering structure is pre-determined by the properties of the rock, its relative position (geological structure), a network of cracks and other weakening factors, and the natural state of stress. The fracture network is of paramount importance. Cracks are characterized by direction, length, width, surface roughness of walls, and a distance between parallel cracks.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.9.41-46

References
  1. Pashkin E.M., Kagan A.A., Krivonogova N.F.; Pashkina E.M., editor. Terminologicheskiy spravochnik po inzhenernoy geologii [Reference Book of Terms of Engineering Geology]. Moscow, KDU Publ., 2011, 952 p.
  2. Panyukov P.N. Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering Geology]. Moscow, Gosgortekhizdat Publ., 1962.
  3. Bondarik G.K. Teoriya geologicheskogo polya [Geological Field Theory]. Moscow, MIMS Publ., 2002, 129 p.
  4. Belyi L.D. Obshie principial'nye polozheniya [General Principal Provisions]. In the book: Geologiya i plotiny [Geology and Dams]. Moscow — Leningrad, Gosenergoizdat Publ., 1959, pp. 9—19.
  5. Muller L. Der Felsbau. Ferdinand Enke Verlag. Stuttgart, 1963, 453 p.
  6. Bauduin C.M. Determination of Characteristic Values. In: U. Smoltczyk, editor, Geotechnical Engineering Handbook. Berlin, Ernst Publ., 2002, vol. I, pp. 17—50.
  7. Frank R., Kovarik J.B. Comparasion des niveaux de modele pour la resistance ultime des pieux sous charges axiales. Revue Francaise de Geotechnique. 2005, 110, pp. 12—25.
  8. Belyi L.D. Osnovy teorii inzhenerno-geologicheskogo kartirovaniya [Fundamentals of the Theory of Engineering Geological Mapping]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1964.

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