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ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

Anatomy of architectural critiсizm: the voice of the people

Vestnik MGSU 10/2013
  • Tkachev Valentin Nikitovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Department of Design of Buildings and Town Planning, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 7-13

The author examines destructive and creative opportunities of criticism. The criticism of experience and creative ideas in the architecture lead to the progress in the compositional harmonization of buildings and to the optimization of building technologies.In general, the historical aspect of the mechanism of criticism kept the profession in tone; in respect of the aromorphosis it filtered the quality of architectural solutions.In earlier societies, criticism used to be syncretical. Later, there could be distinguished social, professional and administrative criticism.Social criticism is concentrated on human vital requirements to the living environment. Its subjects are: protests against annoying unauthorized buildings and advertising, protection of historical monuments and green belts, protests against migration and migrant workers, and improvement of the living conditions.General environmental positions are divided into retro resistance, modernization and compromise.In the article, a historical overview of social criticism is given with specific examples of its influence on architecture.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.10.7-13

References
  1. Severtsov A.N. Morfologicheskie zakonomernosti evolyutsii [Morphological Regularities of Evolution]. Moscow-Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1939, 610 p.
  2. Pasternak B.L. Doktor Zhivago [Doctor Zhivago] Moscow, Azbuka Publ., World's classic Series, 2013, 608 p.
  3. Bol'shaya detskaya entsiklopediya. Iskusstvo epokhi Renessansa [Great Children's Encyclopedia. Art in the Epoch of the Renaissance]. Moscow, Russian encyclopedic partnership, 2001, 575 p.
  4. Raum G.S., Zeit, Architektur. Die Entstehung einer neuen Tradition. Otto Maier Verlag, Ravensburg, 1965, 460 p.
  5. Nervi P.L. Critica delle strutture. Casabella, Milano, 1959, I, no. 223.
  6. Tasalov V.I. Ocherk esteticheskikh idey arkhitektury kapitalisticheskogo obshchestva [Essay on aesthetic ideas of the Architecture of Capitalist Society]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1979, 335 p.
  7. Ikonnikov A.V. Arkhitektura Moskvy XX veka [Moscow Architecture of the 20ieth Century]. Moscow, Moskovskiy rabochiy Publ., 1984, 222 p.
  8. Marcus Vitruvius Pollio. De Architectura. Leningrad, OGIZ, 1936, 342 p.
  9. Burov A.K. Ob arkhitekture [On Architecture]. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1960, 147 p.
  10. Mastera sovetskoy arkhitektury ob arkhitekture [Adepts of Soviet architecture about the architecture]. T. I. M. Iskusstvo, 1975, 544 p.
  11. Yung K.-G. Arkhetip i simvol [Archetype and Symbol]. Moscow, Renaissance, 1991, 300 p.
  12. Gazprom sity — administrativnyy delovoy tsentr v S.Peterburg. Konkurs proektov [Gazprom-city — Administrative Business Center in Saint Petersburg. Contest of Design]. Zodchiy. 21 vek [The Architect. 21st Century]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 34—47.

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Anatomy of architectural criticism: professional problems

Vestnik MGSU 11/2013
  • Tkachev Valentin Nikitovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Department of Design of Buildings and Town Planning, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 19-25

Professional criticism decides controversial issues within the specialty, its edge focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the project, on the professional qualities of the authors and on accordance of the project concept with social tasks. Professional criticism fine-tunes urban development plans, stops the destruction of open spaces in the city, condemns imitation and ambition, identifies tolerant modes of coexistence of the old and new.It is noted that a number of discussion problems eventually worked themselves out. The author touches upon an issue of problem points of higher architectural education.Administrative criticism is aimed at solving the disputable issues by the establishment of the positions contingency, but not their mutual negation.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.11.19-25

References
  1. Mastera sovetskoy arkhitektury ob arkhitekture [Adepts of Soviet Architecture about the Architecture]. T. 1. M. Iskusstvo Publ., 1975, 544 p.
  2. Gidion. Z. Prostranstvo, vremya, arkhitektura [Space, Time, Architecture]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1984, 455 p.
  3. Le Corbusier. La charte d'Athene, avec un Discours Liminaize de Jean Giraudoux. Edition Plon, Paris, 1943, 60 p.
  4. Samokhina T.N. Iz istorii sozdaniya Soyuza sovetskikh arkhitektorov. K 75-letiyu tvorcheskogo soyuza zodchikh [From the Creation History of the Union of Soviet Architects. Dedicated to the 75th Anniversary of the Creative Union of Architects]. Moscow, SMA, NIITAG, RAASN Publ., 2007, 192 p.
  5. Bruno Taut. Die neue Baukunst in Europa und Amerika. Stuttgart, J. Hoffmann Verlag, 1979, 226 p.
  6. Khan-Magomedov S.O. Krivoarbatskiy pereulok 10 [Krivoarbatskiy Lane10]. Moscow, Moskovskiy rabochiy, 1984, 61 p.
  7. Stepanov V.K. Spetsializirovannye uchebno-lechebnye tsentry [Specialized Educational and Medical Institutions]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1987, 182 p.
  8. Maloyan G.A. K problemam planirovki i zastroyki zon suburbanizatsionnogo rasseleniya v gorodskikh aglomeratsiyakh [On the Problems of Planning and Development of Suburban Settlement in Urban Agglomerations]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. Seriya «Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura» [Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 31(50), pp. 142—147
  9. Maloyan G.A. Moskva. Strategiya detsentralizatsii («stenokardiya» megapolisa nachinaetsya v rasselenii) [Moscow. Decentralization Strategy («Breast-pang» of Metropolis begins in the Process of Resettlement)]. ACADEMIA Publ., 2013, no. 2, 76—79 p.
  10. Koshkin O. Gorod kak simvol [City as a Symbol]. Dialog iskusstv [Dialogue of Arts]. 2011, no. 6, pp. 8—9.

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