"Вестник МГСУ"

The nature is subject to severe antropogenous impacts and dramatically changes its quality. Urban development is a process of environmental intervention, a process of its artificial change in such a speed, which doesn’t correspons to the speed of biospheric evolutions and natural selection. By improving our life quality, a human destroys the usual interrelation of living organisms with natural environment. The concepts of urban development and suburbanization of territories existing nowadays have their advantages and disadvantages from ecological point of view. The paper considers the reasons and major problems of ecological reconstruction of the urban space. Preconditions of the integrated ecological approach to the town evolution are shown in the work, as well as some generalizing conclusions concerning security assurance of the environment of the city of Volgograd. The priority trend for the urban areas suburbanization is presented.

In the article the author develops uniform integrated criterion of fibrous heat-insulating materials assessment, which reflects all the aspects of their life cycle. When developing such criterion both computational and expert methods of assessment are used. The uniform ecological safety assessment system will allow to carry out assessment of materials of heat-insulating application adequately beginning with the scientific point of view at all levels and stages of the life cycle from specifying competitive strength of the uppliers in the market and to an ecological situation in the given area.When developing the uniform criterion the author uses the approach offered by Charles A.S. Hall (State University of New York) for efficiency assessment of fuel production (energy return on investment — EROI). The offered criterion provides the analysis of thermal energy quantity, which allows to keep a heat-insulating material throughout the year, the energy referred to expenses on life cycle of a considered heater. As a methodical base for calculations the methods of the theory of risks can be used (Elmeri, Fine-Kinney methods, etc.), an important role is played by quality management methods (for example, creation of charts of Walter Andrew Shewhart). Besides, there already exist acknowledged methods of building materials assessment: methods of parameters grid generation, ecological sieves, ecological trace, backpacks with impacts on environment, etc. The most important factor of the analysis of an offered indicator is discounting of the indicators connected with economy or expenses of energy resources as it allows to increase objectivity of an assessment. Besides, the article offers the way of analyzing emissions of greenhouse gases throughout life cycle of heat-insulating materials. In particular, it is offered to count the decrease of greenhouse gases emissions by reducingenergy consumption taking account for the number of emissions of COlife cycle.on the whole

This article considers some aspects and common problems associated with the organization of parallel calculations in the problems of hydrodynamics. As an example the authors consider the calculation problem of the velocity field in the area of river and sea water mixing and the simulation of sedimentation of terrigenous material.

Introduction. Presented the approach to is working out of methodological bases, a scientifically-methodical substantiation of legal regulation, organizational-administrative, economic principles of placing, designing of an infrastructure of the industry on processing, recyclings, to neutralisation of a waste. For today our country considerably lags behind the leading European countries on effective realisation of a universal principle 3R (prevention of formation of a waste, a reuse, processing in secondary resources). One of principal causes - absence of economically effective control system of a waste and secondary resources. Leaving at the present stage of development of Russia on one of the first places a problem of annually increasing volumes of a formed and buried industrial and household waste and directly the environmental contamination connected with it, accumulation of an ecological damage (harm) forms an actual problem of development of an industrially-transport infrastructure of the reference with a waste and secondary resources both at regional and inter-regional levels, and on the scale of all country. The given problem dictates necessity of search of the new scientifically and practically proved scientifically-methodological practically proved scientifically-methodological, methodical approaches and decisions to optimum planning of placing and designing of an industrially-transport infrastructure of the reference with a waste, including the organisation of management, regulation, the account, monitoring and the control of gathering, accumulation, transportation, processing, recycling, neutralisation of a waste, to development of methods of savings of resources and energy, to search of ways ecologically admissible, technically and technologically possible, economically expedient increase of level of taken secondary material resources from a waste. Materials and methods. As materials for carrying out of scientific research serve: legislative base, legal certificates, standards, methodical recommendations, design and the specifications and technical documentation in the field of the reference with a waste, the published data and materials of scientific domestic and foreign researches on the given subjects. Methods of scientific research are based on use factorial, comparative, kvalimetric the analysis, the theory of restrictions, expert methods of an estimation of indicators. Results. Scientifically proved offers, methodological approaches to planning of actions for industry development on processing, recycling, neutralisation of the waste. Conclusions. Formation of scientifically-methodological and methodical bases of planning of placing and designing of industrial targets on processing, recyclings, to neutralisation of a waste should be coordinated and include all aspects connected with technical and economic, ecological, is standard-legal, organizational-administrative maintenance of activity and creation of complex system of the reference with a waste and secondary resources within the limits of a course on a sustainable development of the Russian state.