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DESIGNING AND DETAILING OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. MECHANICS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Problematics of stress-strain state research in units of metal structures

Vestnik MGSU 5/2014
  • Morozova Dina Vol'demarovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Department of Architectural and Structural Design, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Serova Elena Aleksandrovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Architectural and Structural Design, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 44-50

The article describes the experimental methods of determining stress-strain state of elements and structures with a brief description of the essence of each method. The authors focus mostly on polarization-optical method for determining stresses in the translucent optical sensing models made of epoxy resins. Physical component of the method is described in the article and a simple diagram of a circular polariscope is presented, as well as an example of the resulting interference pattern in illuminated monochromatic light. A polariscope, in its most general definition, consists of two polarizers. The polarizers sandwich a material or object of interest, and allows one to view the changes of the polarity of light passing through the material or object. Since we are unable to perceive the polarity of light with the naked eye, we are forced to use polariscopes to view the changes in polarity caused by the temporary birefringence of our photoelastic materials. A polariscope is constructed of two polarizers, each set perpendicular to the path of light transmitted through the setup. The first polarizer is called the "polarizer", and the second polarizer is called the "analyzer". The method how the polarizer works is quite simple: unpolarized light enters the polariscope through the polarizer, which allows through only the light of its orientation. This light then passes through the material under observation, and experiences some change in polarity. Finally, this light reaches the analyzer, which, like the polarizer, only lets the light of its orientation through.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.5.44-50

References
  1. Morozova D.V., Serova E.A. Problema tekhniko-ekonomicheskogo obosnovaniya pri proektirovanii stykov metallicheskikh konstruktsiy [The Problem of the Feasibility Study in respect of Design of Joints of Metal Structures]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 12, pp. 219—223.
  2. Pisarenko G.S., Shagdyr T.Sh., Khyuvenen V.A. Eksperimental'no-chislennye metody opredeleniya kontsentratsii napryazheniy [Experimental and Numerical Methods for Determination of Stress Concentration]. Problemy prochnosti [Reliability Problems]. 1983, no. 8, pp. 3—6.
  3. Vayenberg D.V. Kontsentratsiya napryazheniy v plastinakh okolo otverstiy i vykruzhek [Stress Concentration around the Holes in the Plates and Fillets]. Kiev, Tekhnika Publ., 1969, 220 p.
  4. Kuz'min V.R. Metodika rascheta napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya v zonakh kontsentratsii napryazheniy po pokazaniyam tenzorezistorov [Method of Calculating Stress-strain State in the Areas of Stress Concentration According to Strain Gauges]. Svarka i khrupkoe razrushenie [Welding and Brittle Fracture]. Yakutsk, SO AN SSSR Publ., 1980, pp. 59—70.
  5. Savin G.N. Raspredelenie napryazheniy okolo otverstiy [Stress Distribution around Holes]. Kiev, Naukova dumka Publ., 1968, 887 p.
  6. Kasatkin B.S., Kudrin A.B. Eksperimental'nye metody issledovaniya deformatsiy i napryazheniy: spravochnoe posobie [Experimental Methods for Strain and Stress Study: a Reference Guide]. Kiev, Naukova dumka Publ., 1981, 586 p.
  7. Tareev B.M. Fizika dielektricheskikh materialov [Physics of Dielectric Materials]. Moscow, Energiya Publ., 1973, pp. 37.
  8. Strel'chuk N.A., Khesin G.L., Gubin F.F. Khesin G.L., editor. Metod fotouprugosti: v 3 t. T. 1. Reshenie zadach statiki sooruzheniy. Opticheski chuvstvitel'nye materialy [Photoelasticity Method. In 3 volumes. Vol.1. Solution of Construction Statics Problems. Optically Sensitive Materials]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1975, pp. 73—85.
  9. Demidov S.P. Teoriya uprugosti [Elasticity Theory]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1979, 432 p.
  10. Zavalishin S.I., Marshalkovich A.S., Morozova D.V., Shaytan K.V. Primenenie polimernykh opticheski chuvstvitel'nykh materialov v model'nykh issledovaniyakh napryazheniy [Application of Polymeric Optically Sensitive Materials in Model Studies Stress]. Vestnik MGU [Proceedings of Moscow State University]. 1976, no. 2, pp. 28—31.
  11. Zhavoronok I.V., Sakharov V.N., Omel'chenko D.I. Universal'naya interferentsionnaya-polyarizatsionnaya ustanovka UIP dlya metoda fotouprugosti [Universal Polarization-interference Installation for UTI-photoelasticity Method]. Materialy VIII vsesoyuznoy konferentsii po metodu fotouprugosti [Materials of the 8th All-Union Conference on Photoelasticity Method]. Tallin, AN ESSR Publ., 1979, vol. 2, pp. 41—46.
  12. Patra A.S., Khare Alika. Issledovanie dvuluchevogo polyarizatsionnogo geterodinnogo interferometra [Studies of Dual Beam Heterodyne Interferometer]. Opticheskiy zhurnal [Optical Journal]. 2005, no. 12, pp. 25—28.
  13. Gdoutos E.E., Theocaris P.S. A Photoelastic Determination of Mixed-mode Stressintensity Factors. Experimental Mechanics. 1978, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 87—96. DOI: 10.1007/BF02325002.
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Analysis of stress-strain state on top of a rectangular wedge

Vestnik MGSU 5/2014
  • Frishter Lyudmila Yur'evna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Higher Mathematic, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe Shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 57-62

Modeling singular solutions of the elasticity theory problems, which are determined by geometric factor - bird's mouth of the edge, make it necessary to analyze the solutions with some peculiarity, which are obtained experimentally with the help of photoelasticity method. In this article the peculiar stress-strain state is analyzed on the example of the known experimental solutions for a wedge under a concentrated force obtained by M. Frocht. Solution analysis for a wedge with a power-type peculiarity obtained experimentally by photoelasticity method, helps to detach a singular solution field, where fringe contour is not visible. Due to idealization of the boundary shape and loading technique, infinitely large stresses arise, which are obtained as a singular solution of the boundary problem in a planar domain. Comparison of theoretical and experimental solutions obtained for a wedge shows areas of overlap and areas of significant and insignificant differences as a result of the inability to experimentally apply the force to a single point.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.5.57-62

References
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  4. Timoshenko S.P., Gud'er Dzh. Teoriya uprugosti [Elasticity Theory]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1975, 576 p.
  5. Aksentyan O.K. Osobennosti napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya plity v okrestnosti rebra [Peculiarities of Stress-Strain State of a Slab near Arris]. Prikladnaya matematika i mekhanika [Applied Mathematics and Mechanics]. 1967, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 178—186.
  6. Vardanyan G.S., Savost'yanov V.N., Mozgaleva M.L., Frishter L.Yu. O sobstvennykh znacheniyakh v reshenii zadach dlya oblastey, soderzhashchikh neregulyarnye tochki [On Characteristic Values in Problems Solution for the Areas Containing Irregular Points]. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo [News of Higher Educational Institutions. Construction]. 2003, no. 3, pp. 28—31.
  7. Williams M.L. Stress Singularities Resulting from Various Boundary Conditions in Angular Corners of Plates in Extension. J. Appl. Mech. 1952, vol. 19, no. 4, p. 526.
  8. Williams M.L. The Complex Variable Approach to Stress Singularities. J. Appl. Mech. 1956, vol. 23, no. 3, p. 477.
  9. Frocht M.M. Photoelasticity. J. Wiley and Sons, London, 1965.
  10. Khesin G.L. Metod fotouprugosti [Photoelasticity Method]. In 3 volumes. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1975, vol. 3, pp. 311.
  11. Frishter L.Yu. O vozmozhnostyakh polucheniya metodom fotouprugosti napryazhennogo sostoyaniya v oblasti kontsentratsii napryazheniy [On the Possibilities to Obtain Stress State in the Area of Stress Concentration by the Photoelasticity Method]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2008, no. 1, pp. 165—168.
  12. Krasnov L.A. Tsvetnost' izokhrom v fotouprugosti. Eksperimental'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Isochrome Firmness in Photoelasticity]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2004, pp. 49—62.

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