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ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND EXAMINATIONOF BUILDINGS. SPECIAL-PURPOSE CONSTRUCTION

Quality of engineering surveysas a factor of natural-technogenic systems formation

Vestnik MGSU 1/2014
  • Kashperyuk Pavel Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geo- ecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Yulin Alexander Nikolaevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 83-89

Construction in urban areas is often related to reusing previously developed sites, which requires solving additional tasks both by builders and surveyors additional. The tasks are related to the evaluation of already changed natural (geological) environment of this area and its further investigation in connection with the proposed creation of a new natural-technogenic system (NTS). This article presents some examples of the influence of engineering survey quality on adopting extraordinary project solutions excluding the negative impact on NTS formation in the process of construction and operation of facilities in Moscow. In particular it is stated that the lack of control in the process of land works and transfer from the platform of water-bearing communications may ultimately lead to a different change in the strength and deformation properties of soil at the base of structures, and in some cases to geoecological disfuncion of the newly created NTS due to adverse geological processes development. The author draws attention to the complexity and responsibility of engineering geological surveys in the areas of developing powerful (>10 m) strata of bulk soils. The article considers some aspects of the influence of the temperature regime of soils in the foundation structures active zone on heat and moisture transfer in these soils, their condition and deformation properties in city area. A particular example of the construction of a high-rise building in Moscow has shown that the presence of heat-bearing communications within 3—10 m from the earth's surface may increase the annual average temperature of the strata up to 30 degrees and more, thus, dismantling such communications leads to different changes in the established temperature regime and conditions of clay soils. It is noted that the forecast of the change in basic physical and mechanical properties of the base soil in urban conditions is not possible without thermometric work during engineering-geological researches.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.1.83-89

References
  1. Vernadskiy V.I. Biosfera [Biosphere]. Moscow, Mysl' Publ., 1967, 412 p.
  2. Nesmeyanov S.A. Perspektivnye napravleniya inzhenernoy geotektoniki [Promising Directions of Engineering Geotectonics]. Moscow, Nauchnyy mir Publ., 2005, 304 p.
  3. Kashperyuk A.A., Kashperyuk P.I., Korshunova N.N. Osobennosti inzhenerno-geologicheskikh izyskaniy pri zastroyke gorodskikh kvartalov i krupnykh zagorodnykh territoriy [Geological Engineering Surveys before the Implementation of Construction Projects in Urban and Extensive Areas]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 2, pp. 64—72.
  4. Potapov I.A., Kalashnikov M.A., Kashperyuk P.I., Khomenko V.P. Osobennosti inzhenernoy zashchity vozdeystviy glavnoy sobornoy mecheti v g. Moskve v oslozhnennoy geoekologicheskoy obstanovke [Features of Engineering Protection of the Influences of the Central Jameh Mosque in Moscow in the Complicated Geoecological Environment]. Materialy 12-y Mezhdunarodnoy mezhvuzovskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii molodykh uchenykh, doktorantov i aspirantov «Stroitel'stvo — formirovanie sredy zhiznedeyatel'nosti» 15-22.04.2009 [Materials of the 12th International Interuniversity Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists, Doctoral and Postgraduate Students “Construction — Formation of Living Environment. 15—22.04.2009]. 2009, pp. 190—195.

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GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING SURVEYS BEFORE THE IMPLEMENTATIONOF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN URBAN AND EXTENSIVE SUBURBAN AREAS

Vestnik MGSU 2/2013
  • Kashperyuk Aleksandra Aleksandrovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Department of Soils, Foundation Soils and Foundations; +7 (499) 129-18-72, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kashperyuk Pavel Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geo- ecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Korshunova Natal’ya Nikolaevna - Russian University of Friendship of Peoples (RUDN) Candidate of Architectural Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department of Industrial Architecture, Russian University of Friendship of Peoples (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 64-72

The authors discuss peculiarities of engineering geological surveys of contaminated urban and rural soils. The authors provide examples of the influence produced by the scope and composition of geological engineering surveys on the reliability of foundation soils. The authors also provide their assessments in terms of deformation-related properties of filled soils and their employment as immediate foundation soils for a residential house in Marfino. The article is polemical, and it may raise animated discussions of the problem.The authors believe that geological engineering tests held in urban areas and preceding the implementation of any construction projects should not be limited to cone penetration and field tests of soils limited to the grid, and at the stage of the project design, any tests shall be held within the perimeter of a designed building according to the effective legislation. In the course of field tests, geologists must pay special attention to the identification of contaminated soils of different origin, especially if the foundation is made of plates. The depth of the contamination may reach 10 meters in Moscow and in the Moscow Region. Identification of backfill soils may be particularly difficult.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.2.64-72

References
  1. SP 11-105—97. Svod pravil po inzhenernym izyskaniyam dlya stroitel’stva. Obshchie pravila proizvodstva rabot [Construction Rules 11-105—97. Collection of Rules Governing Geological Engineering Surveys. General Work Process Rules]. Moscow, Gosstroy Rossii Publ., 1997, 34 p.
  2. Bondarik G.K. Teoriya geologicheskogo polya [Theory of the Geological Field]. Moscow, RITs VIMS Publ., 2002.
  3. Timofeev V.Yu., Kashperyuk P.I. Osobennosti inzhenerno-geologicheskikh izyskaniy na territoriyakh mnogofunktsional’nykh torgovykh kompleksov na primere TRTs «Mega» [Geological Engineering Surveys of Soils That Accommodate Trade Malls Exemplified by Mega Center]. Inzhenernye izyskaniya [Engineering Surveys]. 2010, no. 10, pp. 24—27.
  4. Gamsakhurdia G.R. Nekotorye voprosy geotekhniki: staticheskoe zondirovanie [Several Problems of Geotechnics: Cone Penetrating Testing]. Inzhenernye izyskaniya [Engineering Surveys]. 2009, no. 8, pp. 38—49.

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USING SEISMIC SURVEYS TO STUDY CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES HAVING SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

Vestnik MGSU 6/2013
  • Ginodman Aleksandr Gershenovich - All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute for Geophysics (VNIIGeofizika) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher; +7 (499) 264-67-10, All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute for Geophysics (VNIIGeofizika), 4 N. Krasnosel’skaya st., Moscow, 107140, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Golosov Vladimir Prokof’evich - All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute for Geophysics (VNIIGeofizika) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Director of Laboratory; +7 (499) 264-67-10, All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute for Geophysics (VNIIGeofizika), 4 N. Krasnosel’skaya st., Moscow, 107140, Russian Federation.
  • Granit Boris Aleksandrovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Deputy Chair, Department of Engineering Geology and Geo-ecology; +7 (495) 287-49-14., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 77-85

The authors have studied three construction facilities using the method of seismic surveys. The structures exposed to the research have archeological value. The first project consisted in the identification of the position of collector ditches in the territory of the Hermitage (St.Petersburg); the second project consisted in the detailed examination of the subterranean structure of the church in the territory of the Voznesensky monastery (Aleksandrov), and the third project consisted in the study of the load bearing wall of St.Basil’s Cathedral. Each project involved the employment of the seismic method.In their studies, the authors used different types of waves, including superficial, converted, and reflected waves. The waves were vertical and horizontal. The advanced research methodology, employed by the authors, contemplated the use of specialized software. All materials provide a clear idea of the structure of the construction facilities examined by the authors.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.6.77-85

References
  1. Ginodman A.G., Golosov V.P., Granit B.A., Gurova E.A. Obnaruzhenie karsta i sopryazhennykh s nim suffozionnykh protsessov v usloviyakh Moskvy i Moskovskogo regiona metodom seysmorazvedki [Using Seismic Prospecting to Detect Karst and Internal Erosion Processes That It Causes in Moscow and Moscow Metropolitan Area]. Geofizika [Geophysics]. 2009, no. 6, pp. 20—23.
  2. Goryainov N.N., Lyakhovitskiy F.M. Seysmicheskie metody v inzhenernoy geologii [Seismic Methods in Engineering Geology]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1979.
  3. Lyakhovitskiy F.M., Khmelevskoy V.K., Yashchenko Z.G. Inzhenernaya geofizika [Engineering Geophysics]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1967.
  4. Frantov G.S., Pinkevich A.A. Geofizika v arkheologii [Geophysics in Archeology]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1966.
  5. Khibson Dzh., Kolett L. Nekotorye nablyudeniya seysmicheskim metodom prelomlennykh voln s ispol’zovaniem udara [Particular Observations Using the Seismic Method of Refracted Waves and the Impact]. The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bull. 1960, vol. 53, no. 581.
  6. Brodov L.Yu., Puzyrev N.N., Tregubov A.B. Seysmicheskaya razvedka metodom poperechnykh i obmennykh voln [Seismic Prospecting Using the Method of Transverse and Converted Waves]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1985.
  7. Granit B.A., Ginodman A.G. Ob effektivnosti kompleksnogo ispol’zovaniya geofizicheskikh nablyudeniy na prodol’nykh i poperechnykh volnakh pri inzhenerno-geofizicheskikh issledovaniyakh v Moskovskom regione [On the Efficiency of Multi-component Application of Geophysical Observations Based on Longitudinal and Transverse Waves within the Framework of Engineering Examinations in the Moscow Metropolitan Area]. Inzhenernye izyskaniya [Engineering Surveying]. 2010, no. 12, pp. 66—69.
  8. Puzyrev N.N. Poperechnye i obmennye volny v seysmorazvedke [Transverse and Converted Waves in Seismic Prospecting]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1967.
  9. Hall E.T. Some Uses of Physics in Archeology. Arcchaeomtry.1959, vol. 2,
  10. Linington R.E. Physics and Archaeological Salvage. Archaeology. 1961, vol. 14, no. 14.

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INFLUENCE OF ADDITIONAL LOADS, APPLIED BY THE TRUCK CRANE AND SCAFFOLDING, ON THE BEARING STRUCTURES OF THE STYLOBATE OF THE СATHEDRAL OF СHRIST THE SAVIOR DURING INSTALLATION OF RELIEFS

Vestnik MGSU 6/2013
  • Kunin Yuriy Saulovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 1331, 1150., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Gagarina Irina Ivanovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) engineer, Department Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 13-31., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 86-91

Historic buildings of Moscow are often exposed to reconstruction and rehabilitation actions. The history of construction, demolition and new construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior is multi-faceted and unique. The engineering inspection of the building’s constructions must be performed in the course of its restructuring. As a result of the engineering inspection, the study of the historic features of the load-bearing structures of the bottom part of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior and the building as a whole is carried out. Special attention is driven to the condition of its bottom part and deformability. As a result of the engineering inspection, the strength characteristics and the bearing capability of the building bottom part structure are specified. They are considered sufficient for the perception of additional loads, as well as dynamic loads applied by the falling crane.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.6.86-91

References
  1. Butov A. Khram Khrista Spasitelya: Istoriya stroitel’stva, zhizni, razrusheniya [Cathedral of Christ the Savior: History of Construction, Existence, Demolition]. Tverskaya, 13 [Tverskaya, 13]. 1995, no 26, p. 6.
  2. Butov A. Khram Khrista Spasitelya: Istoriya stroitel’stva, zhizni, razrusheniya [Cathedral of Christ the Savior: History of Construction, Existence, Demolition]. Tverskaya, 13 [Tverskaya, 13]. 1995, no 28, p. 6.
  3. Butov A. Khram Khrista Spasitelya: Istoriya stroitel’stva, zhizni, razrusheniya [Cathedral of Christ the Savior: History of Construction, Existence, Demolition]. Tverskaya, 13 [Tverskaya, 13]. 1995, no 29, p. 6.
  4. Nefedov A. Vzorvannyy khram [The Exploded Church]. Leninskoe znamya [Leninist standard] 1991, p. 1.
  5. Web site of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. Available at: www.xxc.ru. Date of access: 10.01.2013.
  6. Goryanin A. Khram Khrista Spasitelya [Cathedral of Christ the Savior]. Vek [Century]. 1992, no. 11, p. 12.
  7. Akinsha K., Kozlov G., Hochfield S. Svyatoe mesto: Arkhitektura, ideologiya i istoriya v Rossii [The Sacred Spot: Architecture, Ideology and History in Russia]. Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2007.
  8. Atarov N.S. Dvorets Sovetov [The Palace of Soviets]. Moscow, Mosk. Rabochiy Publ., 1940.
  9. Fizel’ I.A. Defekty v konstruktsiyakh, sooruzheniyakh i metody ikh ustraneniya [Defects of Constructions and Structures and Methods of Their Elimination]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1978.
  10. Latishenko V.A. Diagnostika zhestkosti i prochnosti materialov [Diagnostics of Hardness and Strength of Materials]. Zinatne Publ., 1968.
  11. Jasienki J., Klinka A., Matkowskiego Z., Schabowicza K. Renovation Problems in Constructions and Historic Buildings. Dolnoslaskie Wydawnictwo Edukacyjne, 2006.
  12. Kunin Yu.S., Kotov V.I., Gagarina I.I. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy otchet po teme: Inzhenernoe obsledovanie konstruktsiy perekrytiya stilobatnoy chasti Khrama Khrista Spasitelya dlya proverki nesushchey sposobnosti pri montazhe gorel’efov kranom i lesov (12 uchastkov) [Research Report on Engineering Examination of Floor Structures of the Stylobate of Cathedral of Christ the Savior. Assessment of the Bearing Capacity in Case of Installation of Reliefs and Scaffolding (12 sites)]. MGSU Publ., 2010.

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Healthmonitoring of building constructions with crack-like defects

Vestnik MGSU 12/2013
  • Korgin Andrey Valentinovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Supervisor, Scientific and Educational Center of Constructions Investigations and Examinations, Department of Test of Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 183-54-29; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Zeyd Kilani Leys Zeydovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Junior Research Worker, Scientific and Research Center of Engineering Investigations and Monitoring of Building Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Ermakov Valentine Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Junior Research Worker, Scientific and Research Center of Engineering Investigations and Monitoring of Building Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 77-83

This article deals with structural inspection of the flaws caused by such factors as overloading, differential settlements of construction’s foundation, etc. In order to detect them and define their type and size, modern non destructive equipment such as ultrasonic tomography mira1040 and ultrasonic flaw detector A 1212 MASTER are used. Since cracks increase the stress, they are one of most dangerous defects, so some calculation for analyzing stresses distributions near the crack tip and the whole construction stress redistribution caused by cracking are required. Such calculations are rather complicated, that's why the most suitable methods are computational methods.Practical application of FEM is known as finite element analysis (FEA). FEA is applied in engineering as a computational tool for performing engineering analysis. In this research Finite Element Method is used for defining danger level caused by cracking in a construction, whether it is a through crack or a surface crack. Two types of meshing near the crack tip were considered. The first is refined mesh near the crack tip, it is done using finite elements of smaller size therefore increasing the number of elements and calculation time. The second mesh is done by skewing mid side nodes of the first row of elements to the 1/4 point for crack tip, so the elements number does not increase, the same as calculation time, while accuracy of calculating stresses near the crack tip matches the accuracy in case of refined mesh.As a research result this article describes the methods of detecting and analyzing the structures that have been flawed during the building operation.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.12.77-83

References
  1. Posobie po obsledovaniyu stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy [Guidebook on Structural Inspection]. AO «TsNIIPROMZDANIY» Publ., Moscow, 2004.
  2. Andrianov A.A. Vliyanie poverkhnostnykh treshchin na prochnost' betonnykh elementov [Influence of Surface Cracks on the Strength of Concrete Elements]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 3, pp. 140—142.
  3. Hoegh K., Khazanovich L., Yu H.T. Ultrasonic Tomography Technique for Evaluation of Concrete Pavements. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2011, no. 2232, pp. 85—94.
  4. Hoegh K., Khazanovich L., Worel B.J., Yu T. Subsurface Joint Deterioration Detection: A MnROAD Blind Test Comparison of Ultrasound Array Technology with Conventional Nondestructive Methods. Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting 2013. Available at: http://docs.trb.org/prp/13-2048.pdf. Date of access 10.10.2013.
  5. Michaux C., Grill M. NDT 3D Tomographic Testing Cases on Concrete and National Heritage Buildings. Available at: http://www.germann.org/Publications/Sevilla/NDT%203D%20Tomography,%20Michaux%20and%20Grill.pdf. Date of access: 10.10.2013.
  6. Korgin A.V., Ermakov V.A. Avtomatizirovannaya aktualizatsiya MKE-modeli sooruzheniya v khode monitoringa [Automated Updating of a FEM-model of a Structure in the Process of Monitoring]. Mekhanizatsiya stroitel'stva [Mechanization of Construction]. 2011, no. 7, pp. 2—4.
  7. Korgin A.V., Zakharchenko M.A., Ermakov V.A. Metodika aktualizatsii raschetnoy skhemy sooruzheniya, podvergaemogo protsedure monitoringa [Methods of Updating the Calculation Model of a Construction under Monitoring]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 3, pp. 28—31.
  8. Basko E.M., Afonin A.S. O kriteriyakh otsenki soprotivleniya khrupkomu razrusheniyu elementov stal'nykh konstruktsiy s uchetom treshchinopodobnykh defektov [On the Evaluation Criteria of Brittle Fracture Resistance of the Elements of Steel Structures with Account for Crack-like Defects]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2010, ¹ 9, pp. 41—43.
  9. Silant'ev A.S. Raschet prochnosti naklonnykh secheniy izgibaemykh zhelezobetonnykh elementov metodom konechnykh elementov v KE-kompleksakh Ansys i Abaqus [Strength Calculation of Oblique Sections of Bending Reinforced Concrete Elements by the FEM in Ansys i Abaqus ]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 2, pp. 71—74.
  10. Robert Ravi S., Prince Arulraj G. Finite Element Modeling on Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beam Column Joints Retrofitted with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering. 2010, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 576—582. Available at: http://www.ipublishing.co.in/ijcserarticles/ten/articles/volone/EIJCSE2027.pdf. Date of Access: 10.10.2013.

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Modern state of Shukhov's translucent structures

Vestnik MGSU 12/2013
  • Koryakov Aleksandr Sergeevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Metal Structures, senior research worker, Scientific and Research Laboratory on Investigating the Actual Operation of Building Structures and Constructions, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Evstaf'eva Elizaveta Borisovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Researcher worker, Scientific and Research Laboratory on Investigating the Actual Operation of Building Structures and Constructions, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 84-92

The article focuses on such buildings as Moscow Central Post Office, State Museum of Fine Arts and GUM. All these buildings were constructed by famous Russian engineer Shukhov V.G. His 160th anniversary is celebrated in 2013.The skylight rectangular in the plan is a covering of General hall in Moscow Central Post Office. It has 3 tiers of glazing. The framework of this tier is a frame structure, which is based on the circumference on the cantilever trusses and, in addition, is hanging on the main trusses of the marquise. The bearing construction of the external lantern consists of ordinary, diagonal and bracing riveted trusses.The covering construction of State Museum of Fine Arts is a combined system, which consists of 2 types of metal trusses. The trusses located under the lamp are of polygonal shape and are bearing constructions for the attic floor, lower and middle glazing contours, as well as for lantern trusses. Lantern trusses of triangular shape serve for attachment of the external glazing contour and areas of metal roofing on the ridge, in the support zones and in the valley.Trading house of GUM has arch translucent covering. Bearing constructions of these coverings are roof arches of circular shape with cross shaped tie beams. Roof boarding was set on the booms made of rolled tees for glazing attachment. Lantern trusses have triangular shape and serve for attachment of an external contour glazing and plots metal roofing on the ridge, in the support zones and in the valley.The article presents the results of examinations, which have been performed by different organizations for the last 30 years.All these buildings are monuments of cultural heritage and they need constant supervision. The covering construction of Moscow Central Post Office needs repair and reconstruction.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.12.84-92

References
  1. Kovel'man G.M. Tvorchestvo pochetnogo akademika inzhenera V.G. Shukhova [Creative Work of Honorable Member of the Academy, an Engineer V.G. Shukhov]. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1961, 363 p.
  2. Shukhov V.G. Izbrannye trudy. Stroitel'naya mekhanika [Selected Works. Structural Mechanics]. Editor A.Yu. Ishlinskogo. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1977, 193 p.
  3. Otsenochnoe obsledovanie i tekhnicheskoe zaklyuchenie o vozmozhnosti sokhraneniya i ekspluatatsii nesushchikh metallicheskikh konstruktsiy svetovykh pokrytiy liniy GUMa [Evaluative Examination and Technical Estimation on the Possibility of Maintaining and Operation of the Bearing Metallic Structures of GUM Translucent Coverings]. TsNIIPSK Publ. D 227-91, Moscow, 1991.
  4. Mikhalev N.Ya. O sokhranenii unikal'nykh stal'nykh konstruktsiy svetoprozrachnogo pokrytiya Glavpochtamta v gorode Moskve [On Preserving Unique Steel Structures of Translucent Covering of the Moscow Central Post Office]. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik Povolzh'ya [Scientific and Technical Proceedings of the Volga Region]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 315—318.
  5. Zaklyuchenie o tekhnicheskom sostoyanii metallokonstruktsiy shatrovogo fonarya zdaniya Mospochtamta [Report on the Technical State of the Metal Structures of Tent Lantern of Moscow Central Post Office]. GUP TsNIISK Publ., Moscow, 2001.
  6. Tekhnicheskiy otchet po teme: «Inzhenernoe obsledovanie stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy svetovogo fonarya zdaniya «Moskovskogo pochtamta» po adresu: ul. Myasnitskaya, d. 26a, str. 1» [Technical Report on the Topic: "Engineering Examination of Building Structures of the Skylight of Moscow Central Post Office Located at 26a-1 Myasnitskaya st.]. Pressmark ¹ 281/03. MGSU Publ., 2003.
  7. Obsledovanie metallokonstruktsiy shatrovogo fonarya Moskovskogo pochtamta i vydacha zaklyucheniya o vozmozhnosti ikh dal'neyshey ekspluatatsii [Examination of the Metal Structures of the Tent Lantern of Moscow Central Post Office and Approval of their Further Operation]. D 11-627, ZAO TsNIIPSK Publ., 2007.
  8. Tekhnicheskiy otchet «Naturnoe vizual'noe obsledovanie Glavpochtamta» [Technical Report "On-site Visual Inspection of Moscow Central Post Office"]. D M10-09-34, Kompaniya MAKOM Publ., Moscow, 2010.
  9. Rezul'taty inzhenerno-tekhnicheskogo obsledovaniya stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy pamyatnika arkhitektury zdaniya GMII im. A.S. Pushkina po adresu: ul. Volkhonka, 12. «Metallokonstruktsii krovli» [The Results of Engineering and Technical Examination of the Building Structures of a Monument of Architecture, the Building of Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts Located at 12 Volkhonka st. "Steelwork of Roofing"]. Moscow State Mining University, ZAO «Triada — Kholding» Publ., 2004, vol. 1, book 1.
  10. Arkhitekturno-arkheologicheskie obmery zdaniya Muzeya izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv im. A.S. Pushkina [Architectural and Archeological Surveys of the Building of Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts]. Tsentral'nye nauchno-restavratsionnye masterskie. Arkhitekturno-planirovochnaya masterskaya no. 2 [Central Scientific and Reconstruction Workrooms. Architectural Planning Workroom no. 2]. Vol. 1—4, 2004.
  11. Tekhnicheskiy otchet. Opredelenie tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya nesushchikh i ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy, kategorii tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya i velichin predel'nykh dopolnitel'nykh deformatsiy zdaniy, popadayushchikh v zonu vliyaniya stroitel'stva ob"ekta ¹ 4 «Kompleksnaya rekonstruktsiya, restavratsiya i prisposoblenie domovladeniya 3/5 (g. Moskva, M. Znamenskiy per.) pod Kartinnuyu galereyu iskusstva starykh masterov». Kn. 3. Zdanie po adresu: Moskva, ul. Volkhonka, d. 12, str. 1. D. m 10-11-48 [Technical Report. Determining the Technical State of Bearing and Enclosing Strictures, Categories of Technical State and Critical Redundant Deformation Values that Fall within the Influence of the Construction of Object # 4 'Complex Reconstruction, Restoring and Adjustment of the Housing Estate 3/5 (Moscow, Znamenskiy pereulok) for an Art Gallery of the Old Masters Art". Book 3. Building Located at 12-1, Volkhonka st., Moscow. D. m 10-11-48]. Moscow, Kompaniya MAKOM Publ., 2011.

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Extending industrial objects’ life by introduction constructive measures

Vestnik MGSU 6/2015
  • Zolina Tat’yana Vladimirovna - State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU") Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, First Vice-rector, State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU"), 18 Tatishcheva str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Tusnin Aleksandr Romanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Metal Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Pages 41-49

An accumulation of defects caused by the action of the loads both man-made and external leads to a decrease in the carrying capacity of the carcass structure during operation of industrial buildings. Most notably this problem manifests itself in the buildings equipped with crane equipment. During operation the columns and crane girders obtain significant deformation, and this entails a reduction in structural stiffness characteristics. At the same time a load factor is enhanced when using heavier equipment. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to identify the opportunities to ensure the reliability required for an industrial building equipped with overhead cranes. The study has developed a complex of calculation methods, the main task of which is to estimate the residual resource of a specific period of technical system operation, taking into account the random nature of a whole set of disturbances. The analysis of the results obtained by the consistent implementation of these techniques allows tracking the dynamics of changes in the stress-strain state of load-bearing structures of industrial objects in operation.In order to solve the problem of providing rigidity frames and improve the reliability of their safe operation the authors propose constructive measures to slow the rate recorded in the calculation of the bearing capacity loss of the system. For this aim we suggest setting the end face transverse stiffening diaphragms, increasing the rigidity of the column above the crane, arranging some connecting rods in the temperature seam, located in the levels of coating and under crane beams. These measures should be used together, which allows achieving a significant effect in providing transverse rigidity. The coating disk with a sufficiently high horizontal rigidity is able to transfer a portion of the load acting on the transverse frames on transverse end faces of the diaphragm. The binder rods prevent relative lateral displacement of the temperature blocks relative to each other, thereby they put the entire frame under the action of horizontal crane loads into operation. Increasing the stiffness of the column above the crane allows transferring a significant part of the effort to the coating when the bridge crane has close proximity to the coating.The proposed constructions are easy to manufacture and do not require the device holes, which weaken the structure. They can be made not only while erecting the buildings, but also in the already constructed ones by increasing the carrying capacity of the overhead cranes. In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed measures to improve the structural rigidity of frameworks on the example of several industrial buildings. The comparative analysis of the results obtained before and after the introduction of affirmative action has shown that their arrangement reduces the horizontal displacements of the frame, in the level of crane girders, and the level of coating, with a larger effect observed in the buildings with heavy-duty overhead cranes. This reduction of displacement involves the growth of bending moments values in above the crane column part and the reduction of the magnitude moments in the under crane part. At the great height under the crane portion of the column in most buildings these changes can save generally significant amounts of steel for the framework.Thus, the proposed technical solutions are aimed not only at extending the safe operation of industrial buildings, but also have a positive effect in case of re-production associated with an increase in the lifting capacity of crane equipment, with little financial cost.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.6.41-49

References
  1. Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2007, 482 p. (In Russian)
  2. Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, 3rd edition, ASV Publ., 2011, 528 p. (In Russian)
  3. Bolotin V.V. Stochastic Models of Fracture with Applications to the Reliability Theory. Structural Safety and Reliability. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 31—56.
  4. Ditlevsen O. Reliability against Defect Generated Fracture. Journal of Structural Mechanics. 1981, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 115—137. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601218108907379.
  5. Blockley D.I. Reliability Theory — Incorporating Gross Errors. Structural Safety and Reliability. Eds. T. Moan, M. Shinozuka. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 259—282.
  6. Pshenichkina V.A., Belousov A.S., Kuleshova A.N., Churakov A.A. Nadezhnost’ zdaniy kak prostranstvennykh sostavnykh sistem pri seysmicheskikh vozdeystviyakh [Reliability of Buildings as Spatial Composite Systems under Seismic Actions]. Volgograd, VolgGASU Publ., 2010, 180 p. (In Russian)
  7. Lin Y.K., Shih T.Y. Column Response to Horizontal and Vertical Earthquakes. Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE. 1980, vol. 106, no. EM-6, pp. 1099—1109.
  8. Rayzer V.D. Teoriya nadezhnosti v stroitel’nom proektirovanii : monografiya [Reliability Theory in Construction Design: Monograph]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1998, 304 p. (In Russian)
  9. Holicky M., Ostlund L. Vagueness of Serviceability Requirements. Proceeding of the International Conference “Design and Assessment of Building Structures”. Vol. 2. Prague, 1996, pp. 81—89.
  10. Hoef N.P. Risk and Safety Considerations at Different Project Phases. Safety, Risk and Reliability — Trends in Engineering. International Conference, Malta. 2001, pp. 1—8.
  11. Tamrazyan A.G. Otsenka riska i nadezhnosti nesushchikh konstruktsiy i klyuchevykh elementov — neobkhodimoe uslovie bezopasnosti zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Risk and Reliability Assessment of Structures and Key Elements — A Necessary Condition for the Safety of Buildings and Structures]. Vestnik NITs «Stroitel’stvo» [Proceedings of the Research Center of Construction]. 2009, no. 1, pp. 160—171. (In Russian)
  12. Tamrazyan A.G. Raschet elementov konstruktsiy pri zadannoy nadezhnosti i normal’nom raspredelenii nagruzki i nesushchey sposobnosti [Design of Structural Elements in the Event of the Preset Reliability, Regular Load and Bearing Capacity Distribution]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 10, pp. 109—115. (In Russian)
  13. Bolotin V.V. Prognozirovanie resursa mashin i konstruktsiy [Resource Projections of Machines and Structures]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1984, 312 p. (In Russian)
  14. Moan T., Holand I. Risk Assessment of Offshore Structures: Experience and Principles. Structural Safety and Reliability. Eds. T. Moan, M. Shinozuka. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 803—820.
  15. Zolina T.V. Svodnyy algoritm rascheta promyshlennogo ob
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  18. Lychev A.S. Veroyatnostnye metody rascheta stroitel’nykh elementov i system [Probabilistic Methods for Design of Construction Components and Systems]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1995, 143 p. (In Russian)
  19. Zolina T.V., Sapozhnikov A.I. Patent № 2401364 RF, MPK E04B001/00. Konstruktivnye sredstva uvelicheniya prostranstvennoy zhestkosti odnoetazhnykh promyshlennykh zdaniy s mostovymi kranami [Russian Patent no. 2401364 RF, MPK E04B001/00/ Constructive Means of Increasing the Spatial Rigidity of Single-Storey Industrial Buildings with Overhead Cranes]. № 2008130209/03 ; zayavl. 27.01.2010 ; opubl. 10.10.2010. Byul. № 28 [No. 2008130209/03 ; appl. 27.01.2010 ; publ. 10.10.2010, bulletin no. 28]. Patent holder GAOU AO VPO «AISI». 7 p. (In Russian)
  20. Zolina T.V. Obespechenie bezopasnoy ekspluatatsii promyshlennykh zdaniy s kranovym oborudovaniem [Providing Safe Operation of Industrial Buildings with Crane Equipment]. Modernizatsiya regionov Rossii: investitsii v innovatsii: materialy IV Mezhdunar. nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (15 oktyabrya 2010 g.) [Modernization of the Russian Regions: Investments into Innovations. Proceedings of the 4th International Science and Practice Conference (October 15, 2010)]. Astrakhan, Sorokin R.V. Publ., 2010, pp. 16—18. (In Russian)
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