The complex program of harmonization of Russian and European systems of technical rate setting in construction presupposes the translation of Eurocode texts to Russian language, their adaptation for use on the Russian territory and creation of terminological dictionaries, which includes dictionaries on metal construction. In the article the author gives examples of inappropriate Russian terms introduced in the process of translation from foreign languages. For the concepts denoted by the proposed terms, there already exist established normative documents, which have passed all the terminological procedure and are introduced in State Standards and regulations. The author demonstrates contradictions and formulates the basic terms, showing the ground state of modern science and engineering practice of cold-resistant steel structures. The basic requirements for the development of quality in construction terminology are stated. Scientific, research, methodic, organizational work on construction databases creation should be executed on minimum two languages: English and Russian before developing terminological standards in the construction sphere. Normative terminological dictionaries, collections of scientific-normative and technical-normative terminology, dictionaries and reference works are the sources for construction databases. Scientific technical translation should undergo qualified scientific editing.

In the world of today, issues of the relationship between society and nature are becoming more relevant. A process of continuous development of industrial and social activities and the negative interference in the environment cause damage to the unique biosphere. The dynamics of destructive processes necessitates conducting activities in accordance with the fundamental laws of nature. One way of solving these problems is to create a harmonious architectural environment that has minimal impact on the environment of the surrounding countryside. An important factor in the process of "sustainable architecture" formation is the use of the building materials, which are safe for humans and the environment. Special role in this aspect is played by wood possessing unquestionable priority in "sustainable architecture". Wood is a renewable natural material with unique properties. Wastelessness, low thermal conductivity, strength, unique texture, ease of processing and other quality wood help to create cozy and comfortable environment. From the perspective of ecological and energy problems the use of wood in architecture has a special role as the most optimal solution to these issues. In Russia construction of energy efficient buildings is at an early stage of development. To date, the power consumption of the existing residential and public buildings in Russia is on average about three times higher than in technically advanced countries of Scandinavia with similar climatic conditions. At the same time the tendency to steady growth of non-renewable energy resources leads to the need to improve the thermal protection of buildings. The problem of thermal protection of buildings in architecture led to widespread use of ventilated facades. Constructive solution is to install the layer of insulation on the exterior walls and to fasten cladding materials to the frame to form an air gap for air circulation. Finishing materials perform architectural function. The most common facing materials of natural origin include wooden facades. Demand for such kind of structures in contemporary architecture is explained by wide possibilities of architectural and artistic facades. Facade decor made of wood is various, it tends to be unusual, with exclusive forms, eliminating unnecessary luxury. Valuable wood panels, board with logs imitation, block house, facade boards (planken), the wood tile (shingle), etc. can be used in decoration. A large number of wooden facing materials allow to create wooden facades of different styles, and the texture and wood shades form a harmonious environment. Among the various methods of using wooden decor the most common technique is outplaying of wood texture. Wood is treated with special impregnation to give effect of the natural aging, wood is also tinted, creating a color contrast of house planes, and then is coloured, imitating the texture of precious wood. Wooden facade decor fully solves not only the problem of architectural expressiveness of structures, but also the problem of energy saving, which is especially important in the context of the global crisis. The unique capabilities of the tree, its ability to be in harmony with other materials form a comfortable environment, providing a favorable psychological impact.

The authors present an efficient algorithm different from the previously known to construct the asymptotics of solutions of nonautonomous systems of ordinary differential equations with meromorphic matrix. Schrödinger equation, Dirac system, Lippman-Schwinger equation and other equations of quantum mechanics with spherically symmetric and meromorphic potentials may be reduced to such systems. The Schrödinger equation and the Dirac system describe the stationary states of an electron in a Coulomb field with a fixed point charge in the description of the relativistic and nonrelativistic hydrogen atom. The Lippman-Schwinger equation of scattering theory describes the results of collision and interaction of quantum-mechanical particles in mathematical language after these particles have already diverged a long way from one another and ceased to interact. The observed algorithm supplements the known results and allows you to approach the analysis of the problems of this type with a fairly simple and at the same time, a universal point of view.

The rigidity increase of structures consisting of plates and shells is a relevant task. One way to obtain plates with enhanced stiffness performance is the corrugation, i.e. change of its topography elevation. Depending on the method, corrugation provides a plate with additional rigidity in one or several directions without weight gain. The most common way to get corrugated plates is pressure forming. The problem of finding the most energy saving method is very relevant. In this regard, a possible approach is to use buckling of thin cylinder. The idea of this technique comes from the fact that as a result of stability loss of cylindrical shell in compression along its elements, the cylinder walls are deformed periodically. The article considers the problem of corrugated plates manufacturing using smooth sheet metal. The method of manufacture is based on irreversible process of cylindrical buckling of a shell previously obtained from a worksheet. Such a deformation process may be useful if the energy spent on its implementation is smaller than the energy in standard process of forming. The task of defining the stiffness of a corrugated plate is quite difficult because it is difficult to experimentally measure the tension, bending and coupled stiffness. The numerical simulation of three ways to manufacture corrugated cylindrical shell made of smooth sheet by elastic-plastic deformation process are offered: the first way is to deform the cylindrical shell under the action of axial load on the butt end, and the second way is the influence of strutting internal pressure. In the third way the cylindrical shell is made of the leaf using the special techniques. In order to compare the effectiveness of the options presented for each case the internal energy is calculated. It is shown that the energy expenditure in buckling method is the smallest.

The bearings of a contact system on transport, electric lines take up substantial horizontal loads both from wires and constructions holding them and also from wind, dynamic and other extraordinary influences (wire breakage, emergency situations, etc.). In case of using contact bearers with sole bases it is necessary to have sufficient strength and strain capacity reserve. For this aim solepieces with different constructive schemes are applied. The effectiveness of their application depending on their location, depth and length has not been thoroughly researched. In the article the authors offer a calculation method for horizontally loaded bearings with solepieces presented as horizontally laid beams, which are used in order to raise the deformational stability of horizontally loaded bearings. The results of comparative calculations are presented for horizontally loaded sole bearings with beams, installed in the upper and lower compressed zones of soil. The calculation results showed the efficiency of solepieces application with the aim of deformation reduction of horizontally loaded bearings as well as the possibility to optimally assign their size in order to reduce costs for their production.

The authors present the study of sheet washout of soil relevant in the framework of the stability of structures, retaining walls and trays over them, pillars of stairs, power lines and other structures on the slopes. Flushing speed can be approximately defined using phytoindicational way, determining the depth of erosion of the soil near perennial plants, the roots of which are naked. This approach to determining the rate of sheet erosion has been used by many scientists. The techniques offered in their works were created to improve the agricultural use of the lands for the territories of Central Asia. In order to protect the structures in natural areas of Moscow, the authors suggested their methods. It is assumed that the beginning of the erosion process in the measuring point coincides with the beginning of tree growth. At this point its root neck was at the level of the earth. Thus, for the rate of erosion we accepted the height position of root neck of the tree. The measurement should be horizontal to the tree in connection with the retention of soil by the tree and "hill" formation on the top side of the tree and rich soil washout from the bottom side. The average annual rate of erosion can be calculated by determining the age of the tree and by measuring the excess of root neck above the surface of the slope. The age of the tree may be determined by the correlation of age with a diameter of a tree, measured at height of 1.3 m above the ground level. The average annual increase in the diameter of a tree can be defined on the stumps, available in the study area. When calculating the age of trees to clarify the diameters, it is recommended to make allowance for the thickness of the crust. It was noted that the study of the process of sheet washout should be made in condition of stability of influencing factors: climate, topography, geology, soils, vegetation and human activities. In order to validate the approach, the slopes of ravines in the Neskuchny Garden in Moscow were chosen. The selected slopes have similar climatic, geological, geomorphological, soil and phytological signs. This allows the authors to gather material for statistical analysis of the investigated process. In their experiment, the authors used lime trees and maples. Single measurement was made on elms and oaks. As an example, the authors present the results of measurements on site 1, located on the right side of the ravine Neskuchny Garden. A fairly high correlation coefficient (K=0.91) indicates strong linear relationship of flushing depth and the tree diameter and proves the validity of this method for approximate calculation of the depth of sheet washout.

The article deals with the questions of designing the foundations for the Oil Pumping Station-2 site of “Kuyumba — Tayshet” trunk oil pipeline. The problems of choice and grounds for technical solutions are considered basing on the results of complex thermo-technical calculations.
The construction territory of OPS-2 site of “Kuyumba — Tayshet” trunk oil pipeline is characterized by complex engineering and geocryological conditions:
1) presence of permafrost soil on 80 % of the site area;
2) absence of sufficiently widespread rocky soils under designed buildings and constructions;
3) transition of loamy grounds into yield during thawing.
The buildings and facilities are designed on the basis of pile foundation type with high rigid foundation grill. The piles’ diameter is 325 mm and 426 mm, the total length of piles is 9—12 m. The full designed vertical loading, transferred to the pile, is ranging from 10.6 to 50.4 tf.
According to the results of the calculations, in order to provide the necessary bearing capacity of piles, securing the perception of transmitted designed loadings, the equivalent temperature of the soil along the side surface of piles (Te) should not be higher than –0,5 °C. Taking into account that the soil temperatures on the projected site mainly range from –0.1 to –0.3 °C, in order to lower their temperatures to the calculated values ventilated underground areas are arranged under the buildings and facilities and seasonally active cooling devices (soil thermal stabilizers) are installed.
Assembly technique and construction of ventilated underground areas with application of soil thermal stabilizers were developed earlier while designing the pipeline system “Zapolyarye — Oil Pumping Station Purpe”.
For confirmation of the accepted decisions forecasting thermotechnical calculations were performed with the use of a special computer program TermoStab 67-87, which allows simulating the changes of temperature regimes of the permafrost in the process of construction and operation of the facility.
As a result of thermo-technical calculations, in case of operation of ventilated underground areas only, in the foundation of the facilities at the OPS-2 site (without the application of thermal stabilizers) a reduction in temperature of frozen soils is predicted, however, the required design temperatures, necessary for providing the bearing capacity of piles (–0,5 °C on their side surfaces and below), in one cold season cannot be achieved. For the areas of the distribution of the confluent type of the permafrost the necessary temperatures are achieved only by the 5th year of operation, and for the areas of distribution of non-confluent type of permafrost such temperatures are not achieved even by the 10th year of operation. A joint operation of the ventilated underground areas and soil thermal stabilization systems is conductive to the reduction of soil temperature of the buildings and facilities’ foundations up to the required values, which secure the load-bearing capacity of piles for one cold season.

The article considers various calculation methods for estimating modulus of elasticity depending on mixing formula. These dependencies can have different curvatures, showing that the modulus of elasticity of the blends can exceed the average values for different blends. The authors made a dynamic mechanical analysis of incompatible blends of polydimethylsiloxane and polyisoprene, the measured temperature dependence of modules accumulation and loss [3]. They detected two relaxation mechanisms, which can be suppressed by using computerization representing the diblock copolymers of the same components. The possibility of calculating elasticity modulus is presented for different situations: the dispersion of solid polymer in the viscoelastic matrix, dispersion of solid polymer 1 in solid polymer 2; dispersion of solid partially crystalline polymer in solid polymer 2. The dependence of the modulus of elasticity on molar and volume fraction have different forms, depending on Van der Waal component volume, the molecular weight of the recurring units, component density, domain volume, etc. The very form of the dependency is determined by the physical state (rubber elasticity polymer, crystalline polymer, solid amorphous polymer) of the blend components.

On the modern stage of reconstruction and major repairs of linear parts of main pipelines lots of technologies exist. In scientific literature authors often raise questions on ecological justification of major pipelines design. Choosing ecologically safe technology taking into account the machines, mechanisms and equipment used, their quantity, physical parameters, designed life state, nature and climatic conditions is a complicated process. In the article the stages of ecological justification of technological processes are considered in case of reconstruction and overhaul of the main pipelines. Each stage has its purpose, which corresponds to a certain stage of life cycle of the main pipeline: design and reconstruction (capital repairs). The choice of ecologically safe technology is based on exhaustive information, which is acquired by means of application of GIS-technologies.

The article shows the role of natural geochemical background when estimating investment attractiveness of recreational areas. It is noted, that geochemical background influence on people's sickness rate isn't considered now. Though it's understood, that even insignificant increase of geochemical background in relation to percentage abundance of Earth crest may lead to endemic diseases of people, animals and plants. An indicator of geochemical endemicity areas was proposed for assessing the impact of storage elements and of a lack of geological environment on human health. Thanks to this measure, and taking into account landscape features of the area, the authors allocated lands, dangerous and potentially dangerous in terms of endemicity. The importance of ratings was achieved by the use of those factors that could have a great influence on the cost of land development. This includes, first of all, the factors that affect population health, and economic and geographic factors that minimize the cost of the territory development and the factors that give rise to financial risks and risks of human losses. The main risk factors include: potential ecological and geochemical risk; high absolute heights, development and activity of dangerous geological processes and phenomena. Systemacity of researches was reached by using factors, that characterize the object from different aspects; readiness of area infrastructure to its exploration and possible risks. Objectivity was achieved by the use of figures obtained from the results of geochemical and engineering surveys with their metrological support.

This article analyses the impact of the excess of chemical agents in the snow on the environment and on the working waste water treatment facilities. The article presents some suggestions for improvement of regulatory requirements concerning design engineering of snow melting facilities in the water disposal system. This suggestion was substantiated to assess snow as waste disposed from road surface, and to register snow mass delivered to snow melting facilities in equivalent units. It is assumed that snow melting stations are facilities designed for waste treatment, and this is why the project documentation for construction of these facilities has to undergo a state expertise for Environmental Impact Assessment. Completed studies provide estimates of the receipted snow, its pollution, etc. But at the same time these studies serve as the basis for approving the necessity of developing a unified system for monitoring the city's snow-melting plants to ensure the reliability.

This work considers economic expediency of using marble fine waste in facing ceramic materials manufacture by three-dimensional coloring method. Adding marble fine waste to the charge mixture reduces the production cost of the final product. This waste has a positive impact on the intensification of drying clay rocks and raw as a whole, which increases production efficiency. Using marble fine waste as a coloring admixture makes it possible to manufacture more environmentally friendly construction material with the use of wastes of hazard class 3 instead of class 4. At the same time, disposal areas and environmental load in the territories of mining and marble processing reduce significantly. Replacing ferrous pigments with manganese oxide for marble fine waste reduces the cost of the final product and the manufacture of facing ceramic brick of a wide range of colors - from dark brown to yellow.

Fire-resistance testing laboratory for building products and constructions
is a production room with a substantial excess heat (over 23 W/m3). Significant sources of heat inside the aforementioned laboratory are firing furnace, designed to simulate high temperature effects on structures and products of various types in case of fire development. The excess heat production in the laboratory during the tests is due to firing furnaces.
The laboratory room is considered as an object consisting of two control volumes (CV), in each of which there may be air intake and air removal, pollutant absorption or emission.
In modeling air exchange conditions the following processes are being considered: the processes connected with air movement in the laboratory room: the jet stream in a confined space, distribution of air parameters, air motion and impurity diffusion in the ventilated room.
General upward ventilation seems to be the most rational due to impossibility of using local exhaust ventilation. It is connected with the peculiarities of technological processes in the laboratory.
Air jets spouted through large-perforated surface mounted at the height of 2 m from the floor level, "flood" the lower control volume, entrained by natural convective currents from heat sources upward and removed from the upper area.
In order to take advantage of the proposed method of the required air exchange calculation, you must enter additional conditions, taking into account the provision of sanitary-hygienic characteristics of the current at the entrance of the service (work) area.
Exhaust air containing pollutants (combustion products), is expelled into the atmosphere by vertical jet discharge. Dividing ventilated rooms into two control volumes allows describing the research
process in a ventilated room more accurately and finding the air exchange in the
lab room during the tests on a more reasonable basis, allowing to provide safe
working conditions for the staff without the use of PPE.

In the article the authors set the requirements to placement and design of medical objects with sources of ionizing radiation. The detailed action mechanism for design of such objects is presented, stages of their operating life are described. Special attention is paid to the problems of inefficient projects implementation: their causes are enumerated, the model of ensuring the objects’ safe operation and efficient use of available funds and resources is developed.

The article presents a method for estimating the erosion velocity on forested natural area. As a research object for testing the methodology the authors selected Neskuchny Garden - a city Park on the Moskva river embankment, named after the cognominal Palace of Catherine's age. Here, an almost horizontal surface III of the Moskva river terrace above the flood-plain is especially remarkable, accentuated by the steep sides of the ravine parallel to St. Andrew's, but short and nameless. The crests of the ravine sides are sharp, which is the evidence of its recent formation, but the old trees on the slopes indicate that it has not been growing for at least 100 years. Earlier Russian researchers defined vertical velocity of sheet erosion for different regions and slopes with different parent (in relation to the soil) rocks. The comparison of the velocities shows that climatic conditions, in the first approximation, do not have a decisive influence on the erosion velocity of silt loam soils. The velocities on the shores of Issyk-Kul lake and in Moscow proved to be the same. But the composition of the parent rocks strongly affects the sheet erosion velocity. Even low-strength rock material reduces the velocity by times. Phytoindication method gives a real, physically explainable sheet erosion velocities. The speed is rather small but it should be considered when designing long-term structures on the slopes composed of dispersive soils. On the slopes composed of rocky soils sheet erosion velocity is so insignificant that it shouldn't be taken into account when designing. However, there may be other geological processes, significantly disturbing the stability of slopes connected with cracks.

In this paper we attempt to create a mathematical temperature model of concreting in lifts, that depends on the various fundamental factors. The use of such a model will help to determine concrete composition (cement consumption and heat generation) and the technological scheme of building solid concrete dams. As a result of the analysis of various factors influence on the temperature during a construction concreting, we obtained a mathematical model, allowing to determine the maximum temperature inside the concrete block body and temperature variations.

Construction complex as one of the most important sectors of Russian economy needs innovative and technological rearmament. For its accelerated transfer to an innovative way of development technological, material, financial, labor and other resources are necessary. Also there is a need of search of new administrative tools providing accelerated distribution of the sixth technological way in a construction complex. In our opinion, leasing is one of the factors of innovative development of a construction complex and one of effective administrative tools stimulating this development. In leasing transaction the owner of an asset temporarily transfers the right to use an asset to other party. The owner of an asset is a lessor. The other party is a lessee. The lessor makes the lease for a specified time in return for periodic rental payments from the lessee. One of the advantages of leasing is that it provides alternative to ownership. Also lessees benefit from a number of tax advantages. Leasing has many other advantages. The results of scientific research of leasing features are presented in the article in comparison with the credit in innovative development of a construction complex. Efficiency assessment criteria of leasing for innovations in construction are offered. The assessment method of economic efficiency of leasing in comparison with the credit as administrative tools in innovative development of a construction complex is developed and presented.

The article regards decision tree method; it is a graphical interpretation of decision making process reflecting the factors taking place in decision making. For recovery operations of the destroyed objects it is often necessary to make decisions under the terms of uncertainty so this method will allow to find correct decision. The problem of recovery works usually rests on the questions of the recovery rationality of this or that structure under particular type of available technology. If technology applied to the recovery works is performed smoothly, the works can be made ahead of scheduled recovery. If work equipment fails, the result of it will be a backlog of work. This article describes the algorithm of making decisions. The suggested algorithm of making decisions gives a possibility to find a rational solution for other problems of a similar type. Thus, a manager has more alternate approaches to the solution of damage recovery problems. For example, in this case they consist of the following questions: whether it is necessary to construct a model of recovery works? is it worth starting the recovery works? what is the recovery time?

In the beginning of the 21st century Melnikov's heritage (KM-Heritage) - one of modern architecture apostles - stayed in awful condition. Memories of Melnikov's creative and pedagogical activities were practically lost. In view of this situation in 1995 Creative Youth Center named after K.S. Melnikov (TM-KM Center) was formed in MGAKHIS, in which K.S. Melnikov had been working for the last 16 years of his life. Student's research work of the lost KM-Heritage reconstruction was organized. In 2002 the results of the Center activities were examined by Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences and the Declaration was approved. The Declaration purpose was to join the efforts of the leading domestic and foreign public and state organizations for the complex solving of up-to-date KM-Heritage problems. Public, research-practical training and educational Center of architect Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov (KM-CENTER) was formed on KM-TM Сenter basis. Dialectical research method of KM-Heritage objects in frames of student's sciencerequired working out special didactic bases and system organization of their continuous studying, research and design reconstruction in a close connection with the educational process. First-year students were involved in scientific process and continued their research activity up to diploma defense. First-year students joined the "senior" colleagues’ research process. The accepted system let students to be absorbed consecutively in cultural heritage objects structure and to form complete picture of their life cycles. The investigated objects are structured and analyzed by students at all the disciplines studied in high school. Creative groups are formed by students of all years, who have foreign languages and information technology skills. Leadership is carried out by graduators and young experts of KM-CENTER. The continuous, structured system of students immersing into the studied object promotes gradual formation and development of creative scientific and technical knowledge and abilities. It also has cultural and didactic value in preparation and education of young experts. They organically become receivers and promoters of cultural values of Modern movement architecture heritage, which will be used in their future creative activity. This system develops youth skills of the joint creative work, which is necessary in the international student's workshops. Almost all remained objects and a number of unfulfilled projects of KM-Heritage were investigated by KM-CENTER students during last years. Heritage objects of All- Russian Exhibition Centre and of an engineer V.G. Shuhov were also investigated. More than hundred students took part in KM-CENTER research work. Over 40 diploma projects were defended. In some cases research proceeded in postgraduate study. The unique research results had received practical realization. Priority directions of KM-CENTER youth activity for preservation, restoration and propagation of engineering, architectural and town-planning heritage objects of Russian Modern movement are the following: further development of researches together with domestic and foreign partners; development of structurally-geometrical modelling, 3D documenting and visualization of Modern movement heritage objects.