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Vestnik MGSU 2012/8

DOI : 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8

Articles count - 35

Pages - 246

ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT AS A WAY TO PROTECT THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW

  • Belyaev Valeriy Lvovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, doctoral student, Department of Urban Planning and Environmental Safety Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; vbely aev2011@mail.ru, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 6 - 14

The author believes that the issue of urban development of the underground space of Moscow
needs further research. He also provides a brief analysis of the global underground space development
experience. The author argues that due to the lack of effi cient public administration over the
Moscow areas in the course of their development, they lag far behind the same areas of Western cities.
The solution is to be based on the principles of systemic approach to urban planning (the master
plan) and development of urban programmes (special-purpose municipal programmes).
Another effective method represents experimental urban design. The author argues that it can
solve the problems of comprehensive development of underground parts of the centre of the capital
(multi-functional public areas) and preservation of the historic environment. Similarly, this method
can contribute to effective development of local sights (the Pushkin square). Improvement of the
system of public administration should be backed by the issuance of legal acts.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.6-14

References
  1. Belyaev V.L. Osnovy podzemnogo gradoustroystva [Fundamentals of Subterranean Urban Planning]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2012, 198 р.
  2. Grado: zhurnal o gradostroitel’stve i arkhitekture [Grado: Journal of Urbanism and Architecture]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 33—106.
  3. Ploshchad’ Karlsplatts-Shtkhaus. Straubing po-russki. [The Carlsplatz Stachus Square. Straubing in the Russian Style]. Available at: http://moistraubing.de/index.php/bayern/muenchen/stachus. Date of access: June 16, 2012.
  4. Obladen B., Zvarts M. Amsterdam: gorod pod gorodom [Amsterdam: the City beneath the City]. Grado: zhurnal o gradostroitel’stve i arkhitekture [Grado: Journal of Urbanism and Architecture]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 58—69.
  5. Korotaev V.P. Moskva: gradostroitel’nyy potentsial podzemnogo prostranstva [Moscow: Urban Planning Potential of Its Underground Space]. Grado: zhurnal o gradostroitel’stve i arkhitekture [Grado: Journal of Urbanism and Architecture]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 71—81.
  6. Zakon goroda Moskvy «O General’nom plane goroda Moskvy» [Law of the City of Moscow “About the Master Plan of Moscow”]. Available at: http://www. mka.mos.ru/mka/mka.nsf/va_WebPages/Genplan_2010-17zmRus. Date of access: May 29, 2012.
  7. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva Moskvy ot 03.10.2011 № 460-PP «Ob utverzhdenii Gosudarstvennoy programmy goroda Moskvy «Gradostroitel’naya politika» na 2012-2016 gg.» [Resolution of the Government of Moscow of October 03, 2010 no. 460-PP “About the Approval of the State Programme of the City of Moscow “Urban Development Policy for 2012-2016”]. Available at: http://www. http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=MLAW;n=134756. Date of access: 29.05.2012.
  8. Otchet o nauchno-issledovatel’skoy rabote «Formirovanie kompleksnykh dannykh po sushchestvuyushchim, proektiruemym i stroyashchimsya ob”ektam podzemnogo prostranstva, dannykh o geologicheskoy srede goroda Moskvy po pervoocherednym zonam planiruemogo razmeshcheniya podzemnykh sooruzheniy v masshtabe 1:10000 i 1:2000 na osnove EGKO goroda Moskvy». [Research Report “Formation of Integrated Data Covering Existing and New Underground Structures, Data concerning the Geological Environment of the City of Moscow in the Areas of the top-Priority Underground Development in the Scale 1: 10000 and 1: 2000 on the Basis of the Unifi ed State Cartographic Map of the City of Moscow»]. Moscow, Mosgorgeotrest Publ., 2010.
  9. Gradostroitel’nyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation]. Available at: http://www.base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=12279. Date of access: May 29, 2012.
  10. Podzemnyy gorod v Monreale: planirovanie, razvitie, upravlenie [Underground City in Montreal: Planning, Development and Management]. Grado: zhurnal o gradostroitel’stve i arkhitekture [Grado: Journal of Urbanism and Architecture]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 50—57.

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TESSELLATION OF GEOPLASTIC SHAPES THROUGH THE EMPLOYMENT OF REGULAR POLYHEDRA

  • Burova Natalya Mikhaylovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Descriptive Geometry and Graphics +7 (499) 183-98-97, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 15 - 20

Geoplastics-related solutions are applied to generate the artifi cial terrain within the framework
of landscape design projects. The proposed solutions are employed to generate a variety of geoplastic
shapes capable of embodying particular design ideas.
The author compares the proposed geoplastic solutions with the classical problem of mathematics
that consists in the effective partition of the three-dimensional space into individual cells that
represent non-overlapping polyhedra (tessellation).
The proposed method of identifi cation of volumes of geoplastic shapes employs simple operations
to make suffi ciently accurate calculations. Countours and dimensions of patterns designed
hereunder make no impact onto the accuracy of calculations. Thus, the practical problem of generation
of an artifi cial terrain within the framework of landscape design is simplifi ed.
Therefore, the design process is reduced to the following sequence of actions:
1) Identifi cation of dimensions and contours of the geoplastic pattern;
2) Space fi lling with regular polyhedral that have preset dimensions through the employment
of CINEMA 4D software;
3) Calculation of the overall volume;
4) Alteration of initial dimensions of the surfaces employed for fi lling purposes;
5) Comparison of the results.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.15-20

References
  1. Glezer G., Poltir K. Kartiny matematiki [Images of Mathematics]. Spektrum Publ., 2002.
  2. Nikolaev V.A. Landshaftovedenie, estetika i dizayn [Landscape Studies, Aesthetics and Design]. Moscow, Aspekt Press Publ., 2005.
  3. Burova N.M., Matseevich A.V. Opredelenie ob”emov geometricheskikh poverkhnostey vtorogo poryadka pri sozdanii iskusstvennykh rel’efov [Identification of Volumes of Second Degree Geometric Surfaces within the Framework of Generation of the Artificial Terrain]. Fundamental’nye nauki v sovremennom stroitel’stve [Fundamental Sciences in Contemporary Civil Engineering]. Proceedings of the Seventh All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2010.
  4. Matseevich A.V. Issledovanie nekotorykh geometricheskikh poverkhnostey dlya formirovaniya geoplasticheskikh form v landshaftnom proektirovanii [Research of Some Geometric Surfaces Applied for the Generation of Geoplastic Shapes in Landscape Design]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo v sovremennykh usloviyakh [Industrial and Civil Engineering in the Present-day Environment]. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference of Students. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2011.
  5. Ball P. Ideal’naya pena: vse delo v volshebnykh puzyr’kakh [Ideal Foam: It’s All about Magic Bubbles]. Available at: http://www.popmech.ru/articll/10099-idealnaya-pena. Date of access: 10.03.2012.

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TEMPORALITY OF URBAN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE: A SYSTEMIC APPROACH

  • Zhuravlev M.Yu. Mikhail Yur'evich - Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Assistant Lecturer, Department of Architecture +7 (927) 760-73-21, Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 194 Molodogvardeyskaya St., Samara, 443001, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 20 - 25

The article is focused on the contextual characteristics of architecture. From the viewpoint
of gnosiology, architecture is part of major areas of knowledge, such as science, technology, and
art. At the same time, it is of the same importance as other related areas, including history, art, and
construction technology. Being an open system, architecture is strongly interrelated both with upperlevel
and same-level fields, and no solid system is isolated. Subsequently, architecture has strong
links with history. As the result, development of architecture has a strong temporal connection with
development of all areas mentioned above.
The author argues that architecture should essentially be treated as an open dynamic system
in correlation to its context. After a closer look at urban planning, it is considered to be the essence of
architecture-related activities, and the author comes to the conclusion that it (as well as the architecture
itself) is the most large-scale and complex phenomenon from the viewpoint of time and space.
The system classifi cation by A.V. Boldachev is applied to describe the characteristics of architecture
treated as a system. In light of this theory, architecture can be described in terms of a
'dynamic system as a flow of transitions'. Based on this conclusion, the author states that architecture
as a knowledge system needs to be studied with closer attention from temporal point of view, it
should be treated as a process, a flow of changing states of the system in time.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.20-25

References
  1. Nazarli M.Dzh. Kosmogoniya i Tvorenie v sefevidskoy zhivopisi XVI veka [Cosmology and Creation in the Safavid Paintings of the 17th Century]. Vostok [East]. 1993, no. 1, pp. 83—89.
  2. Vitruviy. Desyat’ knig ob arkhitekture [Ten Books of Architecture]. Book 1. Moscow, Editorial URSS Publ., 2003.
  3. Entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ Brokgauza i Efrona [Brockgauz and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary]. Moscow, Terra Publ., 2001, 726 p.
  4. Taranov P.S. Filosofi ya iznutri [Philosophy from the Inside]. Moscow, Ostozh’e Publ., 1996, vol. I.
  5. Lazarev S.S. Ponyatie «vremya» i geologicheskaya letopis' zemnoy kory [The Notion of Time and the Geological Record of the Earth Crust]. Voprosy filosofi i [Issues of Philosophy]. 2002, no. 1, pp. 77—89.
  6. Altunyan A.O. Arkhitektura i tekhnologicheskiy progress pervykh tsivilizatsiy [Architecture and Technology-related Progress of the First Civilizations]. Vestnik SGASU [Proceedings of SSUACE]. 2008, no. 4, pp. 14—22.
  7. Gidion Z. Prostranstvo, vremya, arkhitektura [Space, Time, Architecture]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1977, 567 p.
  8. Glazychev V.L. Gde iskat’ znanie o gorodakh? [Where Can We Find the Knowledge about the Cities?] Available at: http://tv.russia.ru/video/diskurs_12181/ Date of access: 3.09.2011.
  9. Boldachev A.V. Novatsii. Suzhdeniya v rusle evolyutsionnoy paradigmy. [Innovations. Judgments in Line with the Evolutionary Paradigm]. St. Petersburg, St.Petersburg University, 2007, 256 p.
  10. Bofill’ R. Prostranstva dlya zhizni [Space for Life]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1993, 136 p.

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METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF URBAN PLANNING

  • Mezentsev Sergey Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor, Department of Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 26 - 33

The author considers one of the most relevant theoretical problems of urban planning - philosophical
and scientifi c methodology of research. The tasks of research involve the analysis and
identifi cation of the essence of systematic, synergistic, socio-humanistic, ecological and cybernetic
approaches and their general academic signifi cance, particularly, in the fi eld of urban planning.
The systematic approach. The unity of the technological system, the strategy of the system
behavior, and the design consistency, etc. - these are the core constituents of new methods of
technical thinking. If resolution of minor technological problems and development of small systems
lead to differentiation of knowledge and to growing specialization of research, development of major
systems leads to integration and synthesis of knowledge. This integration may be illustrated by the
urban planning which incorporates design development, implementation, testing and operation of
multi-component systems.
The synergеtic approach. The synergеtic approach is employed to study the urban environment
and culture as well as their development. It encompasses the phenomena which are considered
by the systematic approach as unimportant or minor facts, namely, random connections,
volatile relationships, brevity of their existence, spontaneity, etc. These phenomena are based on
the fact that the urban community is heterogeneous; it is composed of multiple separate individuals
and social groups.
The socio-humanistic approach. Modern scientifi c theories are not not only to contribute to
the analysis of the current situation, but also to contribute to the process of formation of the technical
activity on the basis of the principle of humanism. Contemporary engineers fi nd a connection
between technical components and processes with non-technical ones, including human factors,
organizational structures, socio-cultural processes, etc.
The ecological approach. Further development of technologies, namely, construction-related
technologies, should be based on the understanding of their nature as self-suffi cient values and follow
the laws of the social ecology to improve the environment and to avoid numerous anthropogenic
and environmental disasters. Therefore, before any urban planning project is implemented, each
environmental consequence is to be considered in relation to man and society.
The cybernetic approach. Any contemporary activity in the fi eld of technology, including urban
planning, should be based on the management principles developed within the framework of sociology,
including social foresight, social prediction, social planning and social technologies.
In contrast to many other sciences, which succeed in the sphere of methodology of research,
urban planning does not always meet up-to-date requirements. The author believes that there is a
need of adherence to the above methods in urban planning. The author argues that the result of
their application at the stage of urban design will substantially reduce any negative effects at the
stage of construction and operation of technical facilities.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.26-33

References
  1. Bertalanfi L. fon. Obshchaya teoriya sistem — kriticheskiy obzor [General Theory of Systems: Critical Review]. Issledovaniya po obshchey teorii sistem [Research of the General Theory of Systems]. Collected translations. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1969, pp. 23—82.
  2. Blauberg I.V., Yudin E.G. Stanovlenie i sushchnost’ sistemnogo podkhoda [Formation and Essence of the Systems Approach]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973, 270 p.
  3. Liseev I.K., Sadovskiy V.N., editors. Sistemnyy podkhod v sovremennoy nauke [The Systems Approach to Modern Science]. Moscow, Progress Publ., 2004, 560 p.
  4. Khaken G. Sinergetika: Ierarkhii neustoychivostey v samoorganizuyushchikhsya sistemakh i ustroystvakh. [Synergetics: Instability Hierarchies of Self-Organizing Systems and Devices]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1985, 423 p.
  5. Veber M. Izbrannoe. Obraz obshchestva [Selected Works. The Image of the Society]. Moscow, Yurist Publ., 1994, 704 p.
  6. Veber M. Issledovaniya po metodologii nauki [Studies of the Methodology of Science]. Moscow, INION AN SSSR Publ., 1980, 202 p.
  7. Kommoner B. Zamykayushchiysya krug: priroda, chelovek, tekhnologiya. [The Closed Circle: Nature, Man and Technology]. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1974, 272 p.
  8. Viner N. Kibernetika, ili upravlenie i svyaz’ v zhivotnom i mashine [Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and in the Machine]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1983, 433 p.
  9. Lenk Kh. Razmyshleniya o sovremennoy tekhnike [Refl ections on Modern Technology]. Moscow, Aspekt Publ., 1996, p. 55—56.
  10. Gusakov A.A. Sistemotekhnika stroitel’stva [Systems Engineering of Construction]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1993, 368 p.
  11. Glazychev V.L. Gorodskaya sreda. Tekhnologiya razvitiya: nastol’naya kniga [The Urban Environment. Technology of Development: a Handbook]. Moscow, Lad’ya Publ., 1995. p. 20.
  12. Rozin V.M. Gorodskaya kul’tura, chelovek, okruzhayushchaya sreda (Filosofskometodologicheskie problemy gradostroitel’nogo proektirovaniya) [Urban Culture, Man, Environment (Philosophical and Methodological Problems of Urban Design)] Voprosy filosofi i [Issues of Philosophy]. 1980, no. 1, pp. 53—62.
  13. Pochegina L.F. Mezhdunarodnaya khartiya po arkhitekturnomu obrazovaniyu i gumanizatsiya arkhitektury [International Charter for Architectural Education and Humanization of Architecture]. International Conference. Integration, Partnership and Innovations in Civil Engineering Sciences and Education. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2011, vol. 2, pp. 750—751.
  14. Fromm E. Imet’ ili byt’? [To Have or to Be?]. Moscow, AST Publ., 2000, 448 p.
  15. Skvortsova L.M. Sotsial’noe prostranstvo goroda: ekologicheskie proekty budushchego [The Social Space of the City: Ecological Projects of the Future]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 414—418.
  16. Fokina Z.T. Tendentsiya urbanizatsii i izuchenie ekologii goroda [Trend for Urbanization and Study of the Urban Ecology]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2, vol. 2, pp. 253—259.
  17. Gusakov A.A. Sistemotekhnika [Systems Engineering]. Moscow, Novoe Tysyacheletie Publ., 2002, p. 22.
  18. Voronin V.A. Dekompozitsiya metodologicheskikh osnov proektnogo upravleniya v stroitel’stve [Decomposition of Methodological Principles of Project Management in Construction]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 530—534.
  19. Slavgorodskaya A.N. Upravlenie tipovymi proektami pri realizatsii gorodskikh stroitel’nykh programm v Moskve [Management of Model Projects for Urban Construction Programs in Moscow]. Conference. Integration, Partnership and Innovations in Civil Engineering Sciences and Education. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2011, vol. 1, pp. 740—741.
  20. Toshchenko Zh.T. Sotsiologiya. Obshchiy kurs. [Sociology. General Course]. Moscow, Prometey: Yurayt-M Publ., 2001, 511 p.

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MODELLING THE PROPERTIES OF ELLIPTICITY: LINEAR VARIATIONS

  • Polezhaev Yuriy Olegovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Associated Professor, Department of Descriptive Geometry and Graphics 8 ( 499) 183-24-83, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Borisova Anzhelika Yurevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Descriptive Geometry and Graphics 8 (499) 183-24-83, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 34 - 38

The authors discuss some of the properties of linear variations of ellipticity within the framework
of planimetry. Six elliptic models were constructed through the employment of geometrography-
related methods: an ellipse interrelated with the (i) golden proportion and a (ii) focal plane
rectangle; (iii) a constant of the perimetry of the focal diamond; (iv) compression of the base circle
in the axial direction (y); (v) differential straight lines of the moving point of an ellipse; (vi) compass
incidence, a composition of transformations of the shift and homothety.
Characteristic lines that run in the neighborhood of some point of the ellipse are demonstrated.
The characteristic lines in question include those that can be employed as part of various composite
solutions related to the fragments of structures being constructed.
A set of closed polygons and curves with selected lines passing through the characteristic
points of the circle squaring - these are the geometrographic structures that can form the basis of
composite solutions to the problem of design. The authors also believe that the properties employed
by the golden mean increase the aesthetic constituent of the solution.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.34-38

References
  1. Gil’bert D., Kon-Fossen S. Naglyadnaya geometriya [Visual Geometry]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1951.
  2. Polezhaev Yu.O. Ratsional’nye proportsii arkhitekturno-stroitel’nykh ob”ektov v proektsionnoy geometrii [Rational Proportions of Architectural Structures in Projective Geometry]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010.
  3. Gil’bert D. Osnovaniya geometrii [Basics of Geometry]. Moscow, OGIZ Publ., 1948.
  4. Korn G. Spravochnik po matematike [Reference Book of Mathematics]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974.
  5. Saprykina N.A. Osnovy dinamicheskogo formoobrazovaniya v arkhitekture [Fundamentals of Dynamic Shaping in the Architecture]. Moscow, Arkhitektura-S Publ., 2005.

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INDOOR LIGHT ENVIRONMENT INSIDE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE EVENT OF APPLICATION OF COMBINED METHODS OF SUN PROTECTION

  • Stetskiy Sergey Vyacheslavovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Khodeir Walid Abbas - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) postgraduate student, Department of Architecture, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 39 - 45

The article deals with the problem of enhancing the light environment inside residential buildings
by means of combined methods of sun protection in the hot and sunny climate of Lebanon.
The proposed sunscreens are effective both if the insolation intensity goes up and down. For
example, the light, refl ected by the sun protection unit located below the storey in question, brings
more natural light into those sections of rooms that are located further from the window, so the illumination
factor in these areas is substantially increased. However, the aforementioned pattern
of natural light design is effi cient in the clear sky environment of the sunny climate, which differs
a lot from the standard conditions of the grey sky. On top of the above, the new approach to the
identifi cation of the T4 factor value is proposed. This factor describes the impact produced by the
sunscreen in the clear sky environment. In this case, its value shall not be taken as constant.
Theoretical and practical research was completed to identify the role of sun protection devices
(sunscreens) in the course of natural (passive) regulation of the light environment inside buildings.
The principal item of research was the condition of the illumination environment inside the premises
under consideration. The research was performed inside a residential building located in a new
district of Beirut, the capital of Lebanon. The research comprised several stages, including theoretical
and fi eld researches of the light environment inside the premises under consideration in the
aftermath of installation of sunscreens.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.39-45

References
  1. Gusev N.M. Osnovy stroitel’noy fi ziki [Fundamentals of Building Physics]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1975.
  2. Tvarovskiy M. Solntse v arkhitekture [Sun in Architecture]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1977.
  3. Mitnik M.Yu., Spiridonov A.V. Inzhenernyy metod rascheta sistem estestvennogo osveshcheniya pomeshcheniy s ratsional’noy solntsezashchitoy [Engineering Method of Analysis of Natural Lighting Systems in the Premises with Rational Sunlight Protection]. Svetotekhnika [Illumination Engineering]. 1990, no. 10. pp. 16—19.
  4. Kharnes E., Mekhta M. Regulirovanie solnechnoy radiatsii v zdaniyakh [Regulation of Solar Radiation inside Buildings]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1984.
  5. Solov’ev A.K. Otsenka svetovoy sredy proizvodstvennykh pomeshcheniy v usloviyakh yasnogo neba [Assessment of the Lighting Environment of Industrial Premises in the Clear Sky Climate]. Moscow, Svetotekhnika [Illumination Engineering]. 1987, no. 7. pp. 14—16.
  6. Stetskiy S.V., Amkhaz Kh. Rol’ solntsezashchitnykh ustroystv v pomeshcheniyakh administrativnykh zdaniy dlya usloviy Beyruta [The Role of Sun Protection Devices in the Premises of Offi ce Buildings in the Conditions of Beirut]. Stroitel’nye materialy, oborudovanie i tekhnologii XXI veka [Building Materials, Equipment and Technologies of the 21st Century]. 2004, no. 12. pp. 52—53.
  7. SNiP 23-05—95*. Estestvennoe i iskusstvennoe osveshchenie. [Construction Norms and Rules 23-05—95*. Natural and Artificial Illumination]. Moscow, State Committee for Construction, Residential Housing and Utilities, 2004.
  8. SP 23-102—2003. Estestvennoe osveshchenie zhilykh i obshchestvennykh zdaniy. [Construction Rules 23-102-2003. Natural Illumination of Residential and Public Buildings]. Moscow, State Committee for Construction, Residential Housing and Utilities, 2003.
  9. Stetskiy S.V., Suliman Samekh. Povyshenie urovney estestvennoy osveshchennosti v pomeshcheniyakh grazhdanskikh zdaniy s sistemoy bokovogo estestvennogo osveshcheniya dlya usloviy zharkogo i solnechnogo klimata [Improvement of Natural Illumination in Civic Buildings That Have a System of Natural Side Illumination in the Hot and Sunny Climate]. Moscow, Stroitel’nye materialy, oborudovanie i tekhnologii XXI veka [Building Materials, Equipment and Technologies of the 21st Century]. 2005, no. 5. pp. 82—84.
  10. Suliman Samekh. Sozdanie stroitel’nymi metodami komfortnoy akusticheskoy, svetovoy i insolyatsionnoy sredy dlya pomeshcheniy grazhdanskikh zdaniy v usloviyakh krupnykh gorodov Sirii (na primere goroda Damaska) [Employment of Civil Engineering Methods for the Generation of a Comfortable Architectural, Illumination and Insolation Environment for the Premises of Civic Buildings in Major Cities of Syria (exemplifi ed by Damascus)]. Moscow, 2006.
  11. Salo Mokhamed Ali. Povyshenie effektivnosti sistem estestvennogo osveshcheniya v proizvodstvennykh zdaniyakh Sirii (na primere predpriyatiy pishchevoy promyshlennosti) [Improvement of Efficiency of Natural Illumination Systems in Industrial Buildings of Syria (exemplifi ed by food processing enterprises)]. Moscow, 2005.

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PERIPTERY: THE MEANING OF THE WORD

  • Churakov Sergey Konstantinovich - Moscow Architectural Institute Associated Professor, Department of Soviet and Modern Foreign Architecture 8 (495) 62 1-40-85, Moscow Architectural Institute, Rozhdestvenka St., Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 46 - 53

The author analyzes the origin and the history of the periptery, examines into the etymology of
this word, and traces its roots in Minoan and Mycenaean cultures.
The history of classical architecture is full of myths. One of them is related to the origin of
periptery, the main type of a classical antique temple. Traditionally, it dates back to the samples
of the 7th-4th centuries B.C., although it is obvious that this type of temples has a longer history.
The term "periptery" is said to originate from an ancient cult established prior to the construction
of the Greek Pantheon. It is composed of the two Greek words: "peri" - around, near,
and "pteron" - a side wing, a side colonnade or an outhouse. As a result, the initial defi nition is
formed - "winged from all sides", while all present-day sources (e.g. Encyclopedia Britannica) use
a much simpler translation - "rectangular building with a colonnade on all four sides".
However, speaking about the drama of post and lintel elements in the Order System, it is not
apparent why, for example, the Temple of Poseidon at Paestum or the Parthenon can be called
"winged", particularly, the Temple of Poseidon, with its ponderous Doric Order. And strictly speaking,
so sensual a tune is typical for the Hellenistic period.
The "winged" theme has nothing to do with the forms of the Periptery or its proportions. Minoan
and Mycenaean temples are a lot older than the Greek ones, therefore, the "winged" may
mean natural encircling of the temple with The Sacred Bird images. These birds were the permanent
"characters" of the Mysteries throughout the Mediterranean region and Ancient East. In the
Sumerian-Acadian culture, the word "fortune" was depicted as a hieroglyph that looked like a bird,
and fortune "management" was one of the functions of the supreme deity.
One of the translations of the word "pteron" is not just a "wing", but also a "winged creature" (a
bird, a griffi n, a sphinx). Polybius (201 - 122 B.C.) used "periptery" in the meaning of "surrounded
by columns", but much later Plutarch (46 - 127 A.D.) named it "a side colonnade" and "a side building".
Practically, the name of one of the temple elements was applied to the whole structure, which
indicated a special role of this "side colonnade", as the main visual sign of the temple being attributed
to the Supreme Deity. The classical form of the Periptery had two essential elements; they were
the two sculptures of birds on top of the columns that surrounded it on three sides, and proto-ionic
columns in front of the main Facade and in the cella (as in a temple in Neandria). Later, the main Facade
evolved as a column portico with a pediment, and on each of its corner akroterion - a sphinx
or a griffin - was placed, while the whole structure was crowned by an antefix formed as a palmette.
This is our reconstruction of the evolution of this type of temple in the course of 600 years, from
the 16th century B.C. through the 10th century B.C.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.46-53

References
  1. Losev A.F. Istoriya antichnoy estetiki [History of Ancient Aesthetics]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1979, 727 p.
  2. D’yakonov I.M. Arkhaicheskie mify Vostoka i Zapada [Archaic Myths of East and West]. Moscow, Editorial URSS Publ., 2004, 248 p.
  3. Kifi shin A.G., Akimova L.I., editor. Vvedenie v khram. Opyt rekonstruktsii shumero-vavilonskogo mifo-rituala [Introduction into the Temple. Practical Reconstruction of Mythological Rituals of Shumerians and Babylonians]. Moscow, 1998, pp. 27—49.

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THE STEREOBATE OF THE GREEK TEMPLE: THE GENESIS

  • Churakov Sergey Konstantinovich - Moscow Architectural Institute Associated Professor, Department of Soviet and Modern Foreign Architecture 8 (495) 62 1-40-85, Moscow Architectural Institute, Rozhdestvenka St., Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 54 - 59

The paper covers the genesis of the stereobate and its evolution as the base of the Classic
Greek Temple. Identification of the cultural sources of the stereobate requires a research into Ancient
East, Minoan, and Mycenaean cultures. During the Classic period, an almost comprehensive
reinterpretation of the temple basic elements occurred, although its base still stood firm as it did
through the Minoan and Mycenaean cultures. These traditions are proven by a number of essential
elements, particularly, in the setting of the temple upon the stereobate.
Several earliest available images demonstrate a temple on the top of the hill, in full compliance
with the present-day Minoan tradition. In later Mycenaean images, it is already depicted standing
on an artificial platform.
This temple type has not changed significantly, as it might be observed on the Cypriot coins
of the 10th century BC that bear an image of the main temple of Paphos Aphrodite (Astarte), placed
on an artificial hill — a stereobate.
On the one hand, placing the temple on a high stereobate could be linked to the formal tradition
of erecting the sanctuary on the top of a natural hill, but, on the other hand, this tradition refers
us to an ancient ritual going back to the culture of Ur, 5-4 millennium BC. This tradition demanded
that the temple had two sections: one above the ground level accessible for humans, and the underground
one belonging to the deity and concealed inside an artificial hill.
In the Greek culture, the underground temple was known as Adyton — the Holy of Holies, an inaccessible
sanctuary, located under the temple. There is no doubt that the Greeks cherished this tradition,
inherited from the Cretan-Mycenaean and Ancient East cultures. Arthur Evans discovered similar
structures during his excavations in Crete, and one can trace a fraction of the stereobate on a piece
of vase from the Heraklion Museum, with a human figure inside a sanctuary. There are Minoan gems
that represent a clearly visible masonry of the stereobate that replace a hill with an artificial platform.
A visible temple above the ground copied an invisible one - its underground counterpart? And
together they made an entity, where the stereobate emulated a hill with a temple of God, hidden
from the mortals. Later on, through the 10th to the 12th centuries BC, this vertical pattern somehow
lost its meaning, the underground temple was moved up to the dark cell, and the whole sanctuary
was transformed into a horizontal axial composition. Ultimately, this transition produced a strong
impact on the spatial pattern of the Greek temple, so that some memories of the Minoan past could
still be seen in the remains of Classic Greece.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.54-59

References
  1. Rogozina Z.A. Istoriya Assirii [History of Assyria]. St.Petersburg, 1902, p. 126.
  2. Leonard Vuli. Ur khaldeev [Chaldean Ur]. Moscow, 1961, p. 235.
  3. Akimova L.I., Kifi shin A.G. Teni bogov. Ob ontologicheskom smysle drevnikh kopiy [Shadows of the Gods. About the Ontological Essence of Ancient Spears]. Available at: www.prof.museum.ru.
  4. Evans A. The Palace of Minos at Knossos. Vol. I., 1921.
  5. Kifi shin A.G., Akimova L.I., editor. Vvedenie v khram. Opyt rekonstruktsii shumero-vavilonskogo mifo-rituala [Introduction into the Temple. Practical Reconstruction of Mythological Rituals of Sumerians and Babylonians]. Moscow, 1998, pp. 27—49.
  6. Pavsaniy. Opisanie Ellady [Description of Hellas]. Moscow, AST-Ladomir Publ., 2002, vol. 2, pp. 496—512.

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DESIGNING AND DETAILING OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. MECHANICS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

SEVERAL ELEMENTS OF THE MULTI-RESOLUTION WAVELET ANALYSIS. PART 2: DIRECT AND INVERSE DISCRETE TRANSFORMATIONS

  • Akimov Pavel Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Science, Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics +7 (499) 183-59-94, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Mozgaleva Marina Leonidovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics +7 (499) 183-59-94, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 60 - 65

The paper is a brief introduction into the multi-resolution wavelet analysis. The main objective
of the authors is to present the foundations of the contemporary wavelet theory in the simplest
way with a focus on its subsequent application to practical problems of structural mechanics and
mathematical physics.
This paper covers fundamental algorithms of analysis and synthesis (or direct and inverse
wavelet transformations), exemplifi ed by the discrete Haar basis. Properties of the process at various
points within the range can be analyzed by using the shear technique. Due to the completeness
property of the system recovery (reconstruction or synthesis), the process can be performed
through the employment of the inverse wavelet transformation. It is noteworthy that the analysis
and synthesis algorithms are the essential parts of all wavelet-based methods of solving of the
problems of structural analysis. Moreover, the effectiveness of these algorithms determines the
global effi ciency of the respective method. Resolution of the boundary problem within the multilevel
wavelet-based method covers local and global components. Therefore, a researcher can estimate
the infl uence of various factors. The researcher can both develop high-quality design models and
introduce reasonable design-related changes.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.60-65

References
  1. Astaf’eva N.M. Veyvlet-analiz: osnovy teorii i primery primeneniya [Wavelet-analysis: Fundamentals of Its Theory and Applications]. Uspekhi fi zicheskikh nauk [Successes of Physical Sciences]. 1998, vol. 166, no. 11, pp. 1145—1170.
  2. Dobeshi I. Desyat’ lektsiy po veyvletam [Ten Lectures on Wavelets]. “Regular and Chaotic Dynamics” Academic Research Centre, Izhevsk, 2001, 464 p.
  3. Zolotov A.B., Akimov P.A., Sidorov V.N., Mozgaleva M.L. Diskretnye i diskretno-kontinual’nye realizatsii metoda granichnykh integral’nykh uravneniy [Discrete and Discrete-continual Versions of the Boundary Integral Equation Method]. Moscow, MSUCE, 2011, 368 p.
  4. Novikov I.Ya., Stechkin S.B. Osnovnye konstruktsii vspleskov [Basic Structures of Wavelets]. Fundamental’naya i prikladnaya matematika [Fundamental and Applied Mathematics]. 1997, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 999—1028.
  5. Novikov I.Ya., Stechkin S.B. Osnovy teorii vspleskov [Basics of the Wavelet Theory]. Uspekhi matematicheskikh nauk [Successes of Mathematical Sciences]. 1998, vol. 53, no. 6(324), pp. 53—128.
  6. Chui C.K. Vvedenie v veyvlety [Introduction into Wavelets]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 2001, 412 p.

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ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMIC LOAD APPLIED TO A CELLULAR COMMUNICATION MAST AND A CEILING PANEL ON WHICH IT RESTS

  • Bakhtin Vadim Fedorovich - Expert Open Joint Stock Company Director, Civil Engineering Department 8 (473) 278-89-91, Expert Open Joint Stock Company, 82 Konstruktorov St., Voronezh, 394038, Russian Federation.
  • Chernikov Igor Yurevich - Expert Open Joint Stock Company Specialist in Examination of Buildings and Structures, Civil Engineering Department 8 (473) 278-89-91, Expert Open Joint Stock Company, 82 Konstruktorov St., Voronezh, 394038, Russian Federation.
  • Loktev Alexey Alexeevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Theoretical Mechanics and Aerodynamics 8 (499) 183-24-01, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 66 - 75

Installation of antenna masts and towers that have cellular signal transmission equipment
mounted represents a relevant problem in the urban development. Given its density, as well as the
multiplicity of multistory residential and offi ce buildings, masts can be mounted onto existing buildings
and structures. For this purpose, the analysis of a metal mast itself and a ceiling panel on which it is
to rest should be performed in respect of different types of loading. This task is of utmost importance,
since original designs of buildings fail to take account of any supplementary static or dynamic loads.
Numerical and analytical methods are used for the purpose of the analysis. The analysis of cellular
signal transmission masts is performed numerically with the help of a software programme, while the
calculation of the ceiling panel is performed on the basis of a combined scheme. As a result, the authors
demonstrate the safety of installation of high-altitude masts onto existing structures exposed to
varying loads, including wind and ice loads.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.66-75

References
  1. RD 45.162—2001. Vedomstvennye normy tekhnologicheskogo proektirovaniya. «Kompleksy setey sotovoy i sputnikovoy podvizhnoy svyazi obshchego pol’zovaniya» [Governing Documents 45.162—2001. Local Norms of Technology-related Design. “Networks of General Mobile Cellular and Satellite Communications”. Moscow, Institute of Cellular Communications, 2001.
  2. SanPiN 2.2.4/2.18.055—96. Sanitarnye pravila i normy na elektromagnitnye izlucheniya radiochastotnogo diapazona (EMI RCh): utv. postanovleniem Goskomsanepidnadzora ot 8.05.96 g. № 9. [Sanitary Rules and Norms 2.2.4/2.18.055—96. Sanitary Rules and Norms Applicable to Electromagnetic Emissions of the Radio Frequency Bandwidth, approved by the Resolution issued by the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision on May 08, 1996, no. 9].
  3. OSTN 600—93. Otraslevye stroitel’no-tekhnologicheskie normy na montazh sooruzheniy i ustroystv svyazi, radioveshchaniya i televideniya: utv. prikazom Minsvyazi RF ot 15.07.93 g. № 168. [Industrial Construction Norms 600—93. Industrial Construction Norms Applicable to Installation of Communication, Radio and Television Structures and Facilities. Approved by the Order of the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation on July 15, 1993, no. 168].
  4. PUE—1998, 1999 gg. Pravila ustroystva elektroustanovok: utv. Mintopenergo RF, Gosenergonadzorom Rossii, 1998, 1999. [Rules of Setup of Power-Driven Units. Approved by the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation and the State Energy Supervision Committee of Russia in 1998 and 1999].
  5. GOST 3062—80*. Kanat stal’noy odinarnoy svivki. [State 3062—80*. Standard Single-lay Steel Wire Rope].
  6. SNiP 2.03.01—84*. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya. [Construction Norms and Rules 2.03.01—84*. Loads and Actions]. Moscow, State Construction Committee, 1999.
  7. SNiP 2.03.06—85. Alyuminievye konstruktsii. [Construction Norms and Rules 2.03.06—85. Aluminum Structures]. Moscow, State Construction Committee, 1985.
  8. Machty alyuminievye reshetchatye dlya radioreleynoy svyazi tipa MAR 5274-176-05775641-RE. Rukovodstvo po ekspluatatsii i montazhu. [Aluminum Latticework Masts for Radio Communication Systems of MAR 5274-176-05775641-RE Type. Guidelines for Operation and Installation].
  9. SNiP II-23—81*. Stal’nye konstruktsii. [Construction Norms and Rules II-23—81*. Steel Structures]. Moscow, State Construction Committee, 1989.
  10. Loktev A.A. Udarnoe vzaimodeystvie tverdogo tela i uprugoy ortotropnoy plastinki [Impact-driven Interaction between a Solid Body and an Elastic Orthotropic Plate]. Mekhanika kompozitsionnykh materialov i konstruktsiy [Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures]. 2005, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 478—492.
  11. Loktev A.A. Dinamicheskiy kontakt udarnika i uprugoy ortotropnoy plastinki pri nalichii rasprostranyayushchikhsya termouprugikh voln [Dynamic interaction between the striker and an elastic orthotropic plate in the presence of diffusive thermoelastic waves]. Applied mathematics and mechanics, 2008. vol. 72. no. 4, pp. 652—658.
  12. A fi nite element model for impact simulation with laminated glass / M. Timmel, S. Kolling, P. Osterrieder, P.A. Du Bois // International Journal of Impact Engineering. 2007. P. 1465—1678.
  13. Suemasu H., Maier M. An analytical study on impact behavior of axisymmetric composite plates // Adv. Composite Materials. 1995. V. 5. № 1. P. 17—33.
  14. Yapici A., Metin M. Effect of low velocity impact damage on buckling properties // Engineering. 2009. № 1. P. 161—166.
  15. SNiP 2.03.01—84*. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii. [Construction Norms and Rules 2.03.01—84*. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures]. Moscow, State Construction Committee, 1989.

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USE OF HEAVY DUTY CONCRETES AND REINFORCEMENT IN DESIGN OF PREFABRICATED AND MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

  • Bedov Anatoliy Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Babkov Vadim Vasilevich - Ufa State Petroleum Technological University Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Building Structures 8 (347) 228-22-00, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Office 225, 195 Mendeleeva St., Ufa, 450062, Russian Federation.
  • Gabitov Azat Ismagilovich - Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (USPTU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Building Structures, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (USPTU), 195 Mendeleeva str., Ufa, 450062, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Salov Aleksandr Sergeevich - Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (USPTU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Highways and Technology of Construction Production, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (USPTU), 195 Mendeleeva str., Ufa, 450062, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 76 - 84

The article represents a summarized overview of a generalizing approach to optimized use
of high-strength concretes and several effective classes of reinforcing steel in bendable reinforced
concrete elements. The assessment made by the co-authors is based on the criterion of reduced
consumption of reinforcing steel and concrete. The rate of effi ciency of use of high-strength concretes
and reinforcing steels in bendable (slab) elements is assessed in the article. The principle of
selection of optimal thickness of monolithic fl oor slabs based on their cost and material consumption
rate is proposed. Economic and mathematical methods were used to develop the methodologies
and algorithms proposed by the co-authors. Their methods were implemented in software
programmes registered by the Federal Service for Intellectual Property of the Russian Federation.
The software optimizes the analysis and the process of design of the monolithic reinforced concrete
framing. The results of the research were applied in design of several structures in Ufa.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.76-84

References
  1. Braun V. Raskhod armatury v zhelezobetonnykh elementakh [Consumption Rate of Reinforcing Steel in Reinforced Concrete Elements]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1993, 144 p.
  2. Babkov V.V., Sakhibgareev R.R., Salov A.S. Ratsional’nye oblasti primeneniya modifi tsirovannykh betonov v sovremennom stroitel’stve [Ranges of Rational Application of Modifi ed Concretes in Contemporary Civil Engineering]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Building Materials]. 2006, no. 10, pp. 2—4.
  3. Salov A.S., Babkov V.V., Kolesnik G.S. Voprosy effektivnosti primeneniya vysokoprochnykh betonov v zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiyakh [Effi ciency of Application of High-Strength Concretes in Reinforced Concrete Structures]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Residential Housing Construction]. 2009, no. 11, pp. 43—47.
  4. SNiP 52-01—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii. Osnovnye polozheniya [Construction Norms and Rules 52-01—2003. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures. Basic Provisions]. Gosstroy RF [Federal Agency in charge of Construction and Utilities]. Moscow, GUP NIIZhB [State Unitary Enterprise Scientific and Research Institute of Reinforced Concrete], 2004, 24 p.
  5. SP 52-101—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii bez predvaritel’nogo napryazheniya armatury [Construction Rules 52-101—2003. Structures Made of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete without Pre-stressing]. Gosstroy RF [Federal Agency in charge of Construction and Utilities]. Moscow, GUP NIIZhB [State Unitary Enterprise Scientific and Research Institute of Reinforced Concrete], 2005, 53 p.
  6. Posobie po proektirovaniyu betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy iz tyazhelogo betona bez predvaritel’nogo napryazheniya armatury (k SP 52-101—2003) [Handbook of Design of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures Made of Heavy Concrete without Pre-stressing of the Reinforcement (based on Construction Rules 52-101—2003)]. TsNIIPromzdaniy [Central Scientific and Research Institute of Industrial Buildings]. Moscow, 2005, 214 p.
  7. Salov A.S., Babkov V.V., Sakhibgareev R.R. Raschet effektivnogo raskhoda armaturnoy stali dlya variantnogo secheniya izgibaemogo zhelezobetonnogo elementa: Svidetel’stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programmy dlya EVM № 2010610325 [Calculation of Efficient Consumption of Reinforcing Steel for Varying Sections of a Bendable Reinforced Concrete Element: Certificate of State Registration of Software Programme no. 2010610325]. Rightholder: Ufa State Petroleum Technological University. Patent application filed: 17.11.2009; Patent registered: 11.01.2010.
  8. Salov A.S., Babkov V.V., Sakhibgareev R.R. Raschet effektivnogo raskhoda armaturnoy stali po kriteriyu snizheniya stoimosti dlya variantnogo secheniya izgibaemogo elementa. Svidetel’stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programmy dlya EVM № 2011613497 [Calculation of Efficient Consumption of Reinforcing Steel Based on the Criterion of Reduced Costs for Varying Sections of a Bendable Element: Certificate of State Registration of Software Programme no. 2011613497]. Rightholder: Ufa State Petroleum Technological University. Patent application filed: 21.03.2011; Patent registered: 05.05.2011.
  9. Salov A.S. Raschet optimal’nogo variantnogo secheniya i variantnogo armirovaniya izgibaemogo zhelezobetonnogo elementa po kriteriyu snizheniya materialoemkosti i ratsional’nogo sochetaniya klassov betona i armatury: Svidetel’stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programmy dlya EVM № 2011613598 [Calculation of the Optimal Varying Section and Options of Reinforcing Patterns of a Bendable Reinforced Concrete Element Based on the Criterion of Materials Consumption Rate and Rational Combination of Classes of Concrete and Reinforcing Steel. Certificate of State Registration of Software Programme no. 2011613598]. Rightholder: Ufa State Petroleum Technological University. Patent application filed: 21.03.2011; Patent registered: 05.05.2011.

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SYSTEM FOR THE STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF THE BEARING STRUCTURES OF THE SPORTS FACILITY COVERING

  • Gribanov Yaroslav Igorevich - Perm National Research Polytechnic University Engineer, Department of Building Structures, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolskiy Prospekt, Perm, 614014, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kalugin Aleksandr Vasilevich - Perm National Research Polytechnic University Candidate of Economics, Associated Professor, Chair, Department of Building Structures, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolskiy Prospekt, Perm, 614014, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Balakirev Andrey Aleksandrovich - Perm National Research Polytechnic University Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Structural Mechanics and Computer Engineering, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolskiy Prospekt, Perm, 614014, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 85 - 90

In the article, the authors consider a computational system composed of standard software
packages ANSYS and MathCAD employed to evaluate the current technical condition of the bearing
structures of the sports facility covering based on the comparison of the calculation results with the
those specifi ed in the normative and technical documentation, by taking account of the cross sections
of the bearing structures weakened by corrosion-related processes.
MathCAD computational modules take account of all peculiarities of the cross sections, namely,
their stiffness-related properties, in order to automate the calculation of the geometrical characteristics
of the covering segments, to consider changes in the geometric dimensions of a cross
section due to reduction of the inner side of the wall section thickness as a result of steel corrosion.
Corrosion processes were subjected to statistical processing to determine the interactions of factors,
as well as further clustering of elements based on the velocity of corrosion-related processes.
The software programme uses geometric dimensions of cross sections as the input data designated
for the calculation of the stiffness of elements exposed to corrosion.
Final results of the calculation of the stiffness of rods are placed into a text fi le to be supplied
into the programme responsible for the static analysis of the covering in the ANSYS medium.
The results of the static analysis of the rod structure of the covering are transported from the ANSYS
programme into the modules of the MathCAD programme as text fi les. Over there, they are used
to analyze the stress state of the bearing elements. This fi nal calculation is the third step of the analysis,
and it is performed to evaluate the operational integrity of the covering on the basis of the fi rst and
second groups of criteria applied to the limit states according to Construction Rules and Regulations.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.85-90

References
  1. Gorokhov E.V., Mushchanov V.F., Kasimov V.R. Monitoring slozhnykh tekhnicheskikh sistem [Monitoring of Complex Technological Systems]. Metallicheskie konstruktsii [Metal Structures]. 2008, no. 4, vol. 14, pp. 299—313.
  2. Shakhraman’yan A.M. Metodicheskie osnovy sozdaniya sistem monitoringa nesushchikh konstruktsiy unikal’nykh ob»ektov [Methodological Basics of Systems for the Monitoring of Bearing Structures of Unique Structures]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 1, vol. 1, pp. 256—261.
  3. Almazov V.O., Klimov A.N. Zadachi monitoringa nesushchikh konstruktsiy [Objectives of the Monitoring of Bearing Structures]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no.2, vol. 1, pp. 116—120.
  4. Korgin A.V., Ranov I.I., Korgina M.A., Polyakov D.A. Monitoring izmeneniya napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy na osnove MKE-analiza prostranstvenno-koordinatnykh modeley [Monitoring of Changes in the Stress-Strain State of Structural Units of Buildings and Structures Using the Method of Finite Elements Applied to Three-Dimensional Models]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2007, no. 4, pp. 83—87.
  5. Kukhta A.V., Chetverik N.P. Paradoksy normativno-pravovoy bazy monitoringa tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Paradoxes of the Legislation Applicable to the Technical Condition of Buildings and Structures]. Monitoring. Nauka i bezopasnost’. [Monitoring. Science and Safety]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 50—52.
  6. Eremeev P.G. Opyt provedeniya tekhnicheskogo monitoringa i ekspluatatsii konstruktsiy pokrytiy unikal’nykh bol’sheproletnykh sooruzheniy [Practical Technical Monitoring and Operation of Structures of Coverings of Unique Large-Span Structures]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2008, no. 2, pp. 52—53.
  7. Lebed’ E.V., Atkin A.V. Geometricheskiy raschet prostranstvennykh sterzhnevykh sistem [Geometrical Analysis of Three-Dimensional Rod Systems]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 4, pp. 317—323.
  8. Golodnov A.I., Ivanov A.P., Psyuk V.V. Modelirovanie napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya stal’nykh konstruktsiy po rezul’tatam vypolnennogo obsledovaniya [Modeling of the Stress-Strain State of Steel Structures Based on the Results of the Examination]. Metallicheskie konstruktsii [Metal Structures]. 2011, no. 3, pp. 167—175.
  9. Gribanov Ya.I., Kalugin A.V., Bykov A.A. Organizatsiya monitoringa tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya stal’nykh nesushchikh konstruktsiy pokrytiya sportivnogo kompleksa [Organization of the Monitoring of the Technical Condition of Steel Bearing Structures of the Covering of a Sports Facility]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 7 (2), pp. 6—9.
  10. Gribanov Ya.I., Kalugin A.V., Balakirev A.A., Bykov A.A. Otsenka adekvatnosti komp’yuternoy modeli nesushchikh konstruktsiy pokrytiya sportivnogo kompleksa pri vozdeystvii snegovoy nagruzki [Assessment of Adequacy of a Computer Model of Bearing Structures of the Covering of a Sports Facility Exposed to the Snow Load]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 7 (2), pp. 9—11.

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SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF THE THERMOELASTIC VIBRATION OF A PLATE, IF THE TWO OF ITS EDGES ARE PINNED AND THE OTHER TWO ARE RIGIDLY FIXED

  • Egorychev Oleg Aleksandrovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Egorychev Oleg Olegovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor 8 (495) 287-49-14, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Jaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Fedosova Anastasia Nikolaeva - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Senior Lecturer, Department of Higher Mathematics, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 91 - 97

The operating conditions of uneven warming can cause changes in physical and mechanical
properties of the material. Awareness of the intensity and nature of thermal stresses is required to
perform a comprehensive analysis of the structural strength.
The authors provide their solution to the problem of identifi cation of natural frequencies of
vibrations of rectangular plates, if a thermal factor is taken into account.
The introductory section of the paper covers the equation of the thermoelastic vibration of a
plate and formalizes initial and boundary conditions.
The middle section of the paper covers the method of frequency equation derivation for plates
exposed to special boundary conditions, if the two opposite edges of a plate are pinned and their
surface temperature is equal to zero, while the two other edges have an arbitrary type of fixation
and an arbitrary thermal mode.
A general solution is developed for the boundary conditions of pinned edges, while any alternative
types of fixation of the two other edges require derivation of transcendental trigonometric
equations reducible to algebraic frequency equations expendable in series. Thus, derivation of
frequency equations on the basis of the general solution becomes possible for different types of
boundary conditions.
The final section of this paper covers the derivation of the solution for a selected problem
through the application of the method proposed by the authors. The results demonstrate that a thermoelastic
plate with two pinned and two rigidly fixed edges has five natural frequency patterns, two
of which represent the frequencies produced by the plate, if it is free from any temperature influence.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.91-97

References
  1. Abo-el-nour N., Abd-alla, Nadia A. Askar. The Numerical Computation for Anti-symmetric Modes of Vibration of a Transversely Isotropic Generalized Thermoelastic Plate. International Journal of Mathematical Archive. 2012, no. 3(3), pp. 1091—1101.
  2. Hetnarski Richard B., Eslami M. Reza. Thermal Stresses – Advanced Theory and Applications. Series: Solid Mechanics and Its Applications. Springer Science + Business Media, 2009, vol. 158, p. 578.
  3. Beknazarov M.N., Blazhevich S.V., Nemtsev S.N. K voprosu o termouprugikh kolebaniyakh tonkoy ellipticheskoy plastinki, vozbuzhdaemykh impul’snym puchkom zaryazhennykh chastits [Concerning Thermoelastic Vibrations of a Thin Elliptical Plate Caused by a Pulsed Beam of Charged Particles]. Vzaimodeystvie zaryazhennykh chastits s kristallami [Interaction of Charged Particles with Crystals]. Proceedings of the 38th International Conference. 2007, Moscow, May 29-31, pp. 27—28.
  4. Bondarenko N.S. Termouprugoe sostoyanie transversal’no-izotropnykh plastin pri sosredotochennykh teplovykh vozdeystviyakh [Thermoelastic State of Transversely Isotropic Plates Exposed to Concentrated Thermal Effects]. Donetsk National University, Donetsk, 2010, 169 p.
  5. Filippov I. G., Cheban V. G. Matematicheskaya teoriya kolebaniy uprugikh i vyazkouprugikh plastin i sterzhney [Mathematical Theory of Vibrations of Elastic and Viscoelastic Plates and Rods]. Kishinev, Shtiintsa Publ., 1988.
  6. Egorychev O.A., Egorychev O.O., Fedosova A.N. Reshenie zadachi o termouprugom kolebanii plastiny pri granichnykh usloviyakh spetsial’nogo vida [Solution to the Problem of Thermoelastic Vibration of a Plate in Special Boundary Conditions]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 7, pp. 31—38.
  7. Podstrigach Ya.S., Kolyano Yu.M. Obobshchennaya termomekhanika [Generalized Thermal Mechanics]. Kiev, Naukova Dumka Publ., 1976.
  8. Egorychev O.A., Egorychev O.O., Fedosova A.N. Vliyanie granichnykh usloviy na reshenie zadachi o termouprugom kolebanii plastiny [Infl uence of Boundary Conditions on the Solution to the Problem of Thermoelastic Vibrations of a Plate]. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov [Bulletin of Civil Engineers]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 26—30.
  9. Egorychev O.O. Issledovaniya kolebaniy ploskikh elementov konstruktsiy [Research of Vibrations of Flat Elements of Structures]. Мoscow, Arkhitektura-S Publ., 2009.
  10. Bogdanov A.V., Poddaeva O.I. Sobstvennye kolebaniya uprugoy trekhsloynoy plastiny, dva protivopolozhnykh kraya kotoroy sharnirno zakrepleny, a dva drugikh svobodny ot zakrepleniya [Natural Vibrations of an Elastic Three-layer Plate, If Its Two Opposite Edges are Pinned, While the Other Two Are Not Fixed]. Teoriya i praktika rascheta zdaniy, sooruzheniy i elementov konstruktsiy. Analiticheskie i chislennye metody [Theory and Practice of Analysis of Buildings, Structures and Structural Elements. Analytical and Numerical Methods]. Proceedings of the 3rd International Scientific Conference, Moscow, 2010, pp. 81—87.
  11. Bogdanov A.V., Poddaeva O.I. Vyvod chastotnogo uravneniya sobstvennykh kolebaniy uprugoy trekhsloynoy plastiny, dva protivopolozhnykh kraya kotoroy sharnirno zakrepleny, a dva drugikh zhestko zakrepleny (analiticheskiy metod resheniya) [Derivation of the Frequency Equation of Natural Vibrations of an Elastic Three-layer Plate, If Its Two Opposite Edges Are Pinned, While the Other Two Edges Are Rigidly Fixed (an analytical Solution). Teoriya i praktika rascheta zdanii, sooruzhenii i elementov konstruktsii. Analiticheskie i chislennye metody [Theory and Practice of Analysis of Buildings, Structures and Structural Elements. Analytical and Numerical Methods]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific Conference, Moscow, 2009, pp. 81—87.

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COMPUTATION OF CONVOLUTION OF FUNCTIONS WITHIN THE HAAR BASIS

  • Mozgaleva Marina Leonidovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics +7 (499) 183-59-94, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Akimov Pavel Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Science, Professor, Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics +7 (499) 183-59-94, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 98 - 103

The Wavelet analysis, that replaces the conventional Fourier analysis, is an exciting new
problem-solving tool employed by mathematicians, scientists and engineers. Recent decades have
witnessed intensive research in the theory of wavelets and their applications. Wavelets are mathematical
functions that divide the data into different frequency components, and examine each
component with a resolution adjusted to its scale. Therefore, the solution to the boundary problem
of structural mechanics within multilevel wavelet-based methods has local and global components.
The researcher may assess the infl uence of various factors. High-quality design models and reasonable
design changes can be made.
The Haar wavelet, known since 1910, is the simplest possible wavelet. Corresponding
computational algorithms are quite fast and effective. The problem of computing the convolution
of functions in the Haar basis, considered in this paper, arises, in particular, within the waveletbased
discrete-continual boundary element method of structural analysis. The authors present
their concept of convolution of functions within the Haar basis (one-dimensional case), share
their useful ideas concerning Haar functions, and derive a relevant convolution formula of Haar
functions.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.98-103

References
  1. Zolotov A.B., Akimov P.A., Sidorov V.N., Mozgaleva M.L. Diskretnye i diskretno-kontinual’nye realizatsii metoda granichnykh integral’nykh uravneniy [Discrete and Discrete-continual Versions of the Boundary Integral Equation Method]. Moscow, MSUCE, 2011, 368 p.
  2. Zolotov A.B., Akimov P.A., Sidorov V.N., Mozgaleva M.L. Diskretno-kontinual’nye metody rascheta sooruzheniy [Discrete-continual Methods of Structural Analysis]. Moscow, Arhitektura-S Publ., 2010, 336 p.
  3. Zolotov A.B., Akimov P.A., Sidorov V.N., Mozgaleva M.L. Chislennye i analiticheskie metody rascheta stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy [Numerical and Analytical Methods of Structural Analysis]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009, 336 p.
  4. Zakharova T.V., Shestakov O.V. Veyvlet-analiz i ego prilozheniya [Wavelet-analysis and Its Applications]. Moscow, Infra-M Publ., 2012, 158 p.
  5. Kech V., Teodoresku P. Vvedenie v teoriyu obobshchennykh funktsiy s prilozheniyami v tekhnike [Introduction into the Theory of Generalized Functions and Their Engineering Applications]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1978, 518 p.

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BILAYER DIFFERENCE SCHEME OF A NUMERICAL SOLUTION TO TWO-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC PROBLEMS OF ELASTICITY

  • Nemchinov Vladimir Valentinovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Applied Mechanics and Mathematics, Mytischi Branch 8 (495) 583-73-81, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 50 Olimpiyskiy prospekt, Mytischi, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 104 - 111

Numerical modeling of dynamic problems of the theory of elasticity remains a relevant task.
A complex network of waves that propagate within solid bodies, including longitudinal, transverse,
conical and surface Rayleigh waves, etc., prevents the separation of wave fronts for modeling purposes.
Therefore, it is required to apply the so-called "pass-through analysis".
The method applied to resolve dynamic problems of the two-dimensional theory of elasticity
employs finite elements to approximate computational domains of complex shapes, whereby the
software calculates the speed and voltage in the medium at each step. Preset boundary conditions
are satisfied precisely.
The resulting method is classified as explicit bilayer difference schemes that form special
relationships at the boundary points.
The method is based on an implicit bilayer time-difference scheme based on a system of
dynamic equations of the theory of elasticity of the first order, which is converted into an explicit
scheme with the help of a Taylor series in time, while basic relations are resolved with the help of
the Galerkin method. The author demonstrates that the speed and voltage are calculated with the
same accuracy as the one provided by the classical finite element method, whereby determination
of stresses has to act as a numerically differentiating displacement.
The author identifies the relations needed to calculate both the internal points of the computational
domain and the boundary points. The author has also analyzed the accuracy and convergence
of the resulting method having completed a numerical simulation of the well-known problem
of diffraction of a longitudinal wave speed in a circular aperture. The problem has an analytical
solution.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.104-111

References
  1. Baron M.L., Matthews. Difraktsiya volny davleniya otnositel’no tsilindricheskoy polosti v uprugoy srede [Diffraction of a Pressure Wave with Respect to a Cylindrical Cavity in an Elastic Medium]. Prikladnaya mekhanika [Applied Mechanics]. A series, no. 3, 1961, pp. 31—38.
  2. Klifton R.Dzh. Raznostnyy metod v ploskikh zadachakh dinamicheskoy uprugosti [Difference Method for Plane Problems of Dynamic Elasticity]. Mekhanika [Mechanics]. 1968, no. 1 (107), pp. 103—122.
  3. Musaev V.K. Primenenie metoda konechnykh elementov k resheniyu ploskoy nestatsionarnoy dinamicheskoy zadachi teorii uprugosti [Application of the Finite Element Method to Solve a Transient Dynamic Plane Elasticity Problem]. Mekhanika tverdogo tela [Mechanics of Solids]. 1980, no. 1, p. 167.
  4. Musaev V.K. Vozdeystvie prodol’noy stupenchatoy volny na podkreplennoe krugloe otverstie v uprugoy srede [Impact of the Longitudinal Steo-shaped Wave on a Supported Circular Hole in an Elastic Medium]. All-Union Conference “Modern Problems of Structural Mechanics and Strength of Aircrafts.” Collected abstracts. Moscow Institute of Aviation, 1983, p. 51.
  5. Sabodash P.F, Cherednichenko R.A. Rasprostranenie uprugikh voln v polose, sostavlennoy iz dvukh raznorodnykh materialov [Propagation of Elastic Waves in a Band Composed of Two Dissimilar Materials]. Collected works on “Selected Problems of Applied Mechanics” dedicated to the 60th Anniversary of Academician V.N. Chelomey. Moscow, VINITI, pp. 617—624.
  6. Clifnon R.J. A Difference Method for Plane Problems in Dynamic Elasticity. Quart. Appl. Mfth. 1967, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 97—116.

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INFLUENCE OF THE SATURATION PERCENTAGE OF THE CLAY-BEARING SOIL ON ITS STRESS-STRAIN STATE

  • Ter-Martirosyan Zaven Grigorevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Distinguished Scholar of the Russian Federation, Chair, Department of Mechanics of Soils, Beddings and Foundations 8 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 1425, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Nguyen Huy Hiep Huy Hiep - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering postgraduate student, Department of Mechanics of Soils, Beddings and Foundations, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26, YaroslavskoeShosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 112 - 120

The authors propose new analytical and numerical solutions to develop an advanced method
of assessment of the stress-strain state of unsaturated clay soils exposed to external loading.
The research findings demonstrate that the stress-strain state of the soil exposed to distributed
loading in the half-space b = 2a is complex and homogeneous. It depends on the percentage of saturation and on the excessive pore pressure based on the saturation percentage. At the interim
stage, when the pore water is squeezed towards drainage borders, the area that has a maximal
pore pressure in its centre, travels downwards. Consequently, the alteration of excessive pore pressure
in the course of time is dramatic in layers of soil between drainage surfaces. This finding was
obtained through the employment of analytical and numerical solutions.
It is noteworthy that the diagram of stress distribution ƒ = (ƒ1+ƒ2+ƒ3)/3 and z alongside z axis
below strip b = 2a demonstrates damping. This is the reason why the strip exposed to loading and
excessive pressure is limited in its dimensions. Besides, the authors have proven that the surface
soil settlement is caused by shear and 3-dimensional deformations of the soil exposed to the loading
alongside b = 2a strip. Therefore, s = sg + sv, and any settlement increase sg doesn't depend on the
excessive pore pressure, as it occurs concurrently with loading.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.112-120

References
  1. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G. Mekhanika gruntov [Soil Mechanics]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009, 550 p.
  2. Florin V.A. Osnovy mekhaniki gruntov [Soil Mechanics]. Moscow-Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1959, vol. 1.
  3. Florin V.A. Osnovy mekhaniki gruntov [Soil Mechanics]. Moscow-Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1961, vol. 2.
  4. Alla Sat Mukhamet Abdul Malek. Napryazhenno-deformirovannoe sostoyaniye preobrazovannogo osnovaniya fundamentov [Stress-strain State of the Transformed Bedding of Foundations]. Moscow, MGSU, 2009.
  5. SNIP 2.02.01—83*. Osnovaniya zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Construction Norms and Rules 2.02.01—83*. Beddings of Buldings and Structures]. Moscow, 1985.
  6. Timoshenko S.N., Gud’er D.Zh. Teoriya uprugosti [Theory of Elasticity]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1975, 575 p.
  7. Ivanov P.L. Grunty i osnovaniya gidrotekhnicheskikh sooruzheniy [Soils and Beddings of Hydraulic Engineering Structures]. Moscow, Vyssh. Shk. Publ., 1985, 345 p.
  8. Tsytovich N.A. Mekhanika grutov [Soil Mechanics]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1963, 636 p.
  9. Tsytovich N.A. Mekhanika grutov [Soil Mechanics]. Concise Course. Moscow, Vyssh. Shk. Publ., 1979, 268 p.
  10. Tikhonov A.N., Samarskiy A.A. Urovneniya matematicheskoy fi ziki [Equations of Mathematical Physics]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1996, 724 p.
  11. Ter-Martirosyan A.Z. Vzaimodeystvie fundamentov s osnovaniem pri tsiklicheskikh i vibratsionnykh vozdeystviyakh s uchetom reologicheskikh svoystv gruntov [Interaction between the Bedding and the Foundation under Cyclic and Vibration Impacts with Account for Rheological Properties of Soils]. Moscow, MGSU, 2010.
  12. Fadev A.B. Metod konechnykh elementov v geomekhanike [Finite Element Method in Geomechanics]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1989.

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RESEARCH OF THE CONCENTRATION OF STRESSES IN A RECESSED PLATE USING THE METHOD OF BOUNDARY EQUATIONS

  • Khodzhiboev Abduaziz Abdusattorovich - Tajik Technical University named after academic M.S. Osimi Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Chair, Department of Structural Mechanics and Seismic Resistance of Structures, +7 (992) 918-89-35-14, Tajik Technical University named after academic M.S. Osimi, 10 Akademikov Radzhabovyh St., Dushanbe, 734042, Republic of Tajikistan; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 121 - 124

The subject of the research is the concentration of stresses in a plate that has two side
recesses, if the plate is exposed to the pre-set surface stress. Boundary integral equations are
derived on the basis of the reciprocity theorem. The fundamental Kelvin solution is used to define
the displacement area in the finite isotropic elastic plane. The mathematical model and the solution
algorithm, both developed by the author, represent a numerical solution designated for the plate
that has two side recesses. Comparison of results with well-known solutions demonstrates their
good convergence. The author has discovered that the smaller the radius of the recess, the higher
the stress concentration

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.121-124

References
  1. Novatskiy V. Teoriya uprugosti [Theory of Elasticity]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1975, 872 p.
  2. Nizomov D.N. Metod granichnykh uravneniy v reshenii staticheskikh i dinamicheskikh zadach stroitel’noy mekhaniki [Method of Boundary Equations Employed to Solve Static and Dynamic Problems of Structural Mechanics]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2000, 282 p.
  3. Brebbiya K., Telles Zh., Vroubel L. Metody granichnykh elementov [Methods of Boundary Elements]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1987, 524 p.
  4. Mavlyutov R.R. Kontsentratsiya napryazheniy v elementakh aviatsionnykh konstruktsiy [Concentration of Stresses in Elements of Aircraft Structures]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1981, 141 p.

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RESEARCH OF BUILDING MATERIALS

IDENTIFICATION OF THICKNESS OF A COMPOSITE MATERIAL AS PART OF THE QM GLUED CONNECTION OF WOODEN ELEMENTS

  • Linkov Nikolay Vladimirovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Department of Timber and Plastic Structures 8 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 31-11, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 125 - 130

The principal objective of the research project is to identify the thickness of an advanced
composite adhesive material used as part of a glued connection of wooden surfaces. The active
ingredients of the proposed adhesive material include an epoxy matrix and a glass fiber fabric. The
author has analyzed the bearing capacity and deformability of the proposed connection in relation
to the thickness of the composite material. The author used the methodology of assessment of the
bearing capacity of wooden structures developed by professor Yu.M. Ivanov. For the purposes of
development of optimal parameters of the "QM Glued" connection, the author identified the optimal
ratio of b, or width of the surface of connected elements, and the thickness of the composite material:
t = 1/40 b.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.125-130

References
  1. Lin’kov N.V. Nesushchaya sposobnost’ derevyannykh balok sostavnogo secheniya na soedinenii «KM-Vkladysh» [Bearing Capacity of Composite Sections of Wooden Beams If Connected Using the “CM-Liner” Method]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 1, pp.161—167.
  2. Shilin A.A., Pshenichnyy V.A., Kartuzov D.V. Usilenie zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy kompozitsionnymi materialami [Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures by Composite Materials]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 2004.
  3. Shilin A.A., Pshenichnyy V.A., Kartuzov D.V. Vneshnee armirovanie zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy kompozitsionnymi materialami [Outside Reinforcement of Reinforced Structures by Composite Materials]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 2007.
  4. Blaschko M. and Zilch K. Rehabilitation of Concrete Structures with CFRP Strips Glued into Slits. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Composite Materials. Paris, 1999, July 5-9.
  5. Arduini M., Nanni A., Romagnolo M. Performance of Decommissioned Reinforced Concrete Girders Strengthened with Fiber-reinforced Polymer Laminates. ACI Structural Journal. September-October, 2002, pp. 652—659.
  6. Vasil’ev V.V., Protasov V.D., Bolotin. Vasil’ev V.V., Tarnopol’skiy Yu.M., editors. Kompozitsionnie materialy [Composite Materials]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1990.
  7. Rekomendatsii po ispytaniyu soedineniy derevyannykh konstruktsiy [Recommendations for the Testing of Connections of Wooden Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1980.
  8. Blaschko M., Niedermeier R., Zilch K. Saadatmanesh H. and Ehsani, M.R., editors. Bond Failure Modes of Flexural Members Strengthened with FRP. Proceedings of Second International Conference on Composites in Infrastructures, Tucson, Arizona, 1998, pp. 315—327.
  9. Lin’kov, N.V., Filimonov E.V. Modelirovanie sredstvami PK SCAD soedineniya derevyannykh elementov kompozitsionnym materialom na osnove epoksidnoy matritsy i steklotkani [Modeling of Wooden Elements Connected by a Composite Material Based on Epoxy Matrix and Fiberglass Using PC SCAD Software]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, Special Issue no. 1, pp. 50—53.
  10. Lin’kov N.V., Filimonov E.V. Prochnost’ i deformativnost’ kompozitsionnogo materiala na osnove epoksidnoy matritsy i steklotkani [Strength and Deformability of the Composite Material Based on the Epoxy Matrix and Fiberglass]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 1, pp. 235—243.

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SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS OF ORTHOSILICATES

  • Malyavskiy Nikolay Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Department of General Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Pokidko Boris Vladimirovich - Lomonosov Moscow University of Fine Chemical Technology Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Colloid Chemistry 8 (495) 936-88-58, Lomonosov Moscow University of Fine Chemical Technology, 86 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119571, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 131 - 138

The objective of the research is the sol-gel preparation of the crystalline or amorphous orthosilicates
of some bivalent metals, namely, copper orthosilicate (Cu2SiO4), which seems to be a
quite efficient catalyst, although it has not been synthesized yet. The main obstacles that prevent
the sol-gel synthesis of orthosilicates include high metal/silica molar ratios in precursor mixtures.
They cause (i) formation of the crystalline of metal oxides at intermediate stages of synthesis and
(ii) a substantial difference between intermediate and final anion structures because of the polycondensation
of silicate anions at the stages of gelation and drying. This can result in a double-stage
character of synthesis, involving formation of metal polysilicates and a metal oxide as intermediates.
The synthesis pattern employed by the authors was based on a combination of "anti-polycondensation"
actions that had three components involved: a) 3-aminopropylsilanetriol, a water-soluble
silica precursor that demonstrates low polymerizability and high stability in any ambience; b) triethanolamine,
a high-boiling chemically active agent that prevents metal hydroxide precipitation and
inhibits polycondensation at initial stages of heat treatment; c) methyl triethylammonium hydroxide,
a strong component that inhibits polycondensation processes at the stage of the solution drying.
Metal nitrates M(NO3)2 (M=Cu, Mg, Zn, Cd) were employed as metal oxide precursors, while
water was the solvent. Coating solutions were applied to glass, silica glass or silicon substrates and
heated to 300, 500, 700 and 900 °C. The resulting silicate fi lms were studied using UV-VIS spectroscopy,
FTIR, XPS and XRD methods. Molecular mass distribution of silicate anions in the films
was measured using the molybdate method.
As a result, the synthesis pattern proved efficient in the synthesis of orthosilicates of bivalent
metals. Amorphous copper silicates with the anion structures close to the orthosilicate (basicities
up to 1.96), were prepared in the form of thin films after heating up to 500 °C. At 700…900 °C, they
decomposed with the formation of CuO. Only in the case of CuZnSiO4 the polymerization grade of
silicate anions was suffi ciently low, if the ternary samples are taken into consideration (the anion
basicity was about 1.7).

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.131-138

References
  1. Sidorov V.I., Malyavskiy N.I., Pokid’ko B.V. Poluchenie nizkoosnovnykh silikatov nekotorykh perekhodnykh metallov metodom osazhdeniya [Production of Low-Basicity Silicates of Some Transition Metals by the Sedimentation Method]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 163—166.
  2. Tsai M.T. Preparation and Crystallization of Forsterite Fibrous Gels. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2003, vol. 23, pp. 1283—1291.
  3. Stoia M., Stefanescu M., Dippong T., Stefanescu O. and Barvinschi P. Low Temperature Synthesis of Co2SiO4/SiO2 Nanocomposite Using a Modifi ed Sol–Gel Method. J. Sol-Gel Sci. and Technol., 2010, vol. 54, pp. 49—56.
  4. Saberi A., Negahdari Z., Alinejad B. and Golestani-Fard F. Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Forsterite through Citrate–Nitrate Route. Ceramics Int., 2009, vol. 35, pp. 1705—1708.
  5. Douy A. Aqueous Syntheses of Forsterite (Mg2SiO4) and Enstatite (MgSiO3). J. Sol-Gel Sci. and Technol. 2002, vol. 24, pp. 221—228.
  6. Malyavskiy N.I., Dushkin O.V., Tchekounova E.V., Markina J.V. and Scarinci G. An Organic-Inorganic Silica Precursor Suitable for the Sol-Gel Synthesis in Aqueous Media. J. Sol-Gel Sci. and Technol. 1997, vol. 8. pp. 571—575.
  7. Malyavskiy N.I., Dushkin O.V. and Scarinci G. Low-Temperature Synthesis of Some Orthosilicates. Ceramics – Silikaty, 2001, vol. 45, pp. 48—54.

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EFFICIENT NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD OF CONTROL OVER THE FROST-RESISTANCE OF CONCRETES DESIGNATED FOR HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING STRUCTURES

  • Popov Valeriy Petrovich - Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor 8 (846) 242-17-84, Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 194 Molodogvardeyskaya str., Samara, 443001, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 139 - 142

The author considers the problem of control over the frost resistance as the most important
characteristic of concretes designated for hydraulic engineering structures. His method is based on
the identification of correlation between the frost resistance and the Poisson ratio. The value of the
Poisson ratio is measurable through the employment of the ultra-sound method.
The proposed methodology contemplates the following sequence of acts. First, the value of
the Poisson ratio of air-dried samples of concrete is identified through the employment of the ultrasound
method. Thereafter, samples are exposed to cyclic freezing and thawing. Based on the testing
results, correlation between the Poisson ratio values and the frost resistance of the concrete is
identified. Further, the same ultrasound method is used to find out the values of the Poisson ratio of
the hydraulic engineering structures on site to identify the value of the frost resistance of the concrete
on the basis of the correlation identified earlier.
Mass produced ultrasound testing devices are to be used for the above purposes. They must
have screens, and their ultrasound range must fit concretes. Poisson ratio values are identified
through the penetration of the ultrasound signal through the thickness of a concrete element under
control. Sensors are to be positioned at the angle of 45°, and the time of travel of longitudinal and
shear (lateral) ultra-sound waves through the thickness of a concrete sample or a concrete element
is measured. The time of travel of longitudinal waves is measured on the basis of the value of the
first signal, while shear waves are measured on the basis of the phase transition of ultrasound
waves. Thereafter, velocities of waves are calculated pursuant to the methodology proposed by the
author. It is noteworthy that the accuracy of the proposed method is quite high, and the margin of
error does not exceed 3 %.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.139-142

References
  1. GOST 10060—95. Betony. Metody opredeleniya morozostoykosti. [State Standard 10060-95. Concretes. Methods of Identification of Their Frost Resistance].
  2. Popov V.P. Prognozirovanie resursa dolgovechnosti betona akusticheskimi metodami na osnove mekhaniki [Projection of Durability of Concretes by Mechanics-based Acoustic Methods]. St.Petersburg, PGUPS [Petersburg State Transport University]. 1998, 247 p.
  3. MI 11-74. Metodika po opredeleniyu prochnostnykh i deformatsionnykh kharakteristik pri odnoosnom kratkovremennom szhatii [MI 11-74. Method of Identification of Strength and Deformation-related Properties in the Event of a Single-Axis Short-Term Compression]. Moscow, Standarty Publ., 1975, 68 p.
  4. Moskvin V.M., Kapkin M.M., Savitskiy A.N., Yarmakovskiy V.N. Beton dlya stroitel’stva v surovykh klimaticheskikh usloviyakh [Concrete Designated for Construction In the Unfavourable Climatic Environment]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1973, 167 p.
  5. Berg O.Ya. Fizicheskie osnovy teorii prochnosti betona i zhelezobetona [Basic Physics That Underlies the Strength of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1961, 125 p.
  6. Zaytsev Yu.V. Modelirovanie deformatsiy i prochnosti betona metodami mekhaniki razrusheniya [Modeling of Concrete Deformations and Strength through the Employment of Methods of Fracture Mechanics]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1982, 196 p.

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USING TEMPERATURE TRACES IN NON-DESTRUCTIVE DIAGNOSTICS OF RESIDUAL STRESSES OF WELDED JOINTS

  • Popov Aleksandr Leonidovich - Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS (IPMekh RAN) Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, leading research worker, Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS (IPMekh RAN), 101-1 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119526, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kurov Dmitriy Andreevich - Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences graduate student, Laboratory of Mechanics of Strength and Destruction of Materials and Structures 8 (495) 434-35-65, Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Building 1, 101 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119526, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 143 - 146

Diagnostics of residual welding stresses based on the layout of temperature traces that (i)
characterize isothermals of maximal temperatures within a thermal cycle of welding and (ii) are
retained on the metal surface of a welded joint represents a prospective trend of non-destructive
methods of control of residual stresses. The traces to be examined include both natural (temper colours
and fusion boundaries) and artificial traces formed on the metal surface in the course of fusion
of pre-applied temperature indication lines (lines of temperature indication markers, etc.).
The layout of temperature traces assures the uniqueness of the solution to an inverse problem
of a thermal cycle of welding reconstructed by the researcher. The kinetic pattern of alterations of
the stress-deformation state (SDS) of a welded joint in the course of welding, as well as the pattern
of residual stresses (the latter solely require the information concerning the cooling stage of a thermal
cycle) can be identified on the basis of the reconstructed thermal cycle model.
In the paper, the procedure of reconstruction of a thermal cycle on the basis of temperature
traces is exemplified by resistance flash-butt welds of metal rods. Despite the one-dimensionality of
the model, it presents a widespread type of welding of rails and accessories of building structures;
this type of welding is used to connect edges of steel pipes, including those that have a big diameter
and are used as underwater gas pipelines. Residual welding stresses of joint welds and the adjacent
area can be identified with the help of a thermal marker.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.143-146

References
  1. Gatovskiy K.M., Karkhin V.A. Teoriya svarochnykh napryazheniy i deformatsiy [Theory of Welding Stresses and Deformations]. Leningrad, LKI Publ., 1980, 331 p.
  2. Frolov V.V., editor. Teoriya svarochnykh protsessov [Theory of Welding Processes]. Vyssh. Shk. Publ., 1988, 559 p.
  3. Karkhin V.A., Khomich P.N., Fedotov B.V., Rayamyaki P. Analiz termicheskikh tsiklov pri kontaktnoy stykovoy svarke stali oplavleniem [Analysis of Thermal Cycles in the Course of Steel Contact Flash Welding]. Svarochnoe proizvodstvo [Welding Engineering]. 2008, no. 1, pp. 12—17.
  4. Tsai N.S. and Eagar T.W. Selection of Processes for Welding Steel Rails. Proc. in Railroad Rail Welding, Railway Systems and Management Assoc. Northfi eld, NJ, 421, 1985, pp. 421—435.

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SAFETY OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS. GEOECOLOGY

DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES OF THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS

  • Aloyan Robert Mishaevich - Ivanovo State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Vice-Rector, Ivanovo State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 20 8ogo Marta St., Ivanovo, 153037, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Oparina Lyudmila Anatolevna - Ivanovo State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associated Professor, Ivanovo State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 20 8ogo Marta St., Ivanovo, 153037, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Varamashvili Nina Igorevna - Ivanovo Institute of State Firefi ghting Service of the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters postgraduate student, Senior Inspector, Personnel Department, Ivanovo Institute of State Firefi ghting Service of the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, 33 prospekt Stroiteley, Ivanovo, 153040, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 147 - 153

The authors have developed a set of systems engineering principles of the energy efficiency
of buildings. International and domestic scientists have proven that the construction industry is the
major consumer of energy. The problem of energy efficiency applies both to future and to existing
buildings. The authors have identified the problem of finding a new energy efficient methodology of
organization of the construction process.
The authors also provide their definition of an energy efficient building. The principles of
systems engineering of energy efficient buildings are also formulated in the article. The principle of a
functional system means that the energy efficiency represents a systemic factor of the construction
process. The probabilistic-statistical principle means that the energy efficiency of the construction
process is variable because of exposure to random factors, so they should be characterized by the
distributions that reflect the probability of attaining the projected values of any parameters of impact.
The principle of simulation means that simulation is the only possible method of research in respect
of any building taken as a complex organizational, technological and management system. The
principle of interactive graphics means that the methodology of organization and management of a
modern building requires the application of graphical methods of information presentation and their
adjustment to the increased energy consumption rate. The principle of integration of engineering
and economic constituents means that the assessment of the energy efficiency of buildings must
take account of engineering, organizational and economic issues.
The authors believe that the implementation of the principles of systems engineering for the
purposes of energy efficient buildings should serve as the methodological basis of construction to
promote the energy efficiency of the construction industry.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.147-153

References
  1. Ehsan Asadia, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, Carlos Henggeler Antunesc, Luнs Diasc. Multi-objective Optimization for Building Retrofi t Strategies: a Model and an Application. Energy and Buildings. 2012, no. 44, рр. 81—87.
  2. Oparina L.A. Opredelenie ponyatiya «energoeffektivnoe zdanie» [Defi nition of an Energy Effi cient Building]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010, no. 5, рр. 2—4.
  3. Aloyan R.M., Petrukhin A.B., Oparina L.A., Stavrova M.V. Funktsional›noe modelirovanie kak organizatsionnyy instrument proektirovaniya, stroitel›stva i ekspluatatsii energo-effektivnykh zdaniy [Functional Modeling as an Organizational Tool of Design, Construction and Operation of Energy Effi cient Buildings]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012, no. 2, рр. 2—5.
  4. Oparina L.A. Obosnovanie primeneniya metodologii protsessnogo podkhoda k modelirovaniyu zhiznennogo tsikla energoeffektivnykh zdaniy [Substantiation of Application of the Methodology of the Process Approach to the Modeling of the Life Cycle of Energy Effi cient Buildings]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011, no. 5, рр. 8—10.
  5. Krupnov B.A. Ob energoeffektivnosti i ekonomii teplovoy energii v zdaniyakh razlichnogo naznacheniya [About the Energy Effi ciency and Thermal Energy Effi ciency inside Buildings That Have Different Functions]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 7, рр. 85—89.
  6. Gusakov A.A. Sistemotekhnika stroitel’stva [Systems Engineering of Construction]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1993, 368 p.
  7. Telichenko V.I., Lapidus A.A., Morozenko A.A. Informatsionnoe modelirovanie tekhnologiy I biznes-protsessov v stroitel’stve [Information Modeling of Technologies and Business Processes in Construction]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2008, 144 р.
  8. Oparina L.A. Razvitie tekhnologiy modelirovaniya zhiznennogo tsikla zdaniy [Development of Technologies of Modeling of the Life-cycle of Buildings]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012, no. 1, рр. 28-29.
  9. Il’in V.V. BIM-informatsionnoe modelirovanie zdaniy [BIM-Informational Modeling of Buildings]. Ventilyatsiya, otoplenie, konditsionirovanie vozdukha, teplosnabzhenie i stroitel’naya teplofi zika [Ventilation, Heating, Air Conditioning, Heat Supply and Thermal Physics]. 2011, no. 3, рp. 72—75.
  10. Aloyan R.M., Petrukhin A.B., Oparina L.A. Integral’nyy pokazatel› energoeffektivnosti kak osnova organizatsionnogo mekhanizma stroitel›stva i ekspluatatsii energoeffektivnykh zdaniy [Integral Index of Energy Effi ciency as a Basis for an Organizational Mechanism of Construction and Operation of Energy Effi cient Buildings]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012, no. 3, рр. 46—48.

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ASEISMIC CONSTRUCTION AS THE GEO-ECOLOGICAL FACTOR

  • Galay Boris Fedorovich - North Caucasian Federal University Professor, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogy Sciences, North Caucasian Federal University, 2 prospekt Kulakova, Stavropol, 355029, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Chernov Yuriy Konstantinovich - Research and Production Centre of Engineering Geology Professor, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical; Sciences, Research and Production Centre of Engineering Geology, 185 Dzerzhinskogo st., Stavropol, 355003, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Chernov Andrey Yurevich - North Caucasian Federal University Assistant Lecturer, Department of Construction, North Caucasian Federal University, 2 prospekt Kulakova, Stavropol, 355029, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 154 - 168

Seismicity of any territory produces a significant impact on human beings, micro-organisms,
animals and plants, i.e. the biota. In seismically active areas, earthquake-resistant construction is
an important geo-ecological factor and one of principal methods of protection against the threat of
earthquakes. The efficiency of earthquake-resistant construction is largely determined by the accuracy
of predictions, potential seismic effects of earthquakes, and additional seismic loads on buildings
and structures. Therefore, valid and reliable assessment of the seismic hazard and seismic
risks can become an integral part of geo-ecological monitoring undertakings and risk assessments.
Application of advanced probabilistic technologies in the design and maintenance of structures may
increase the accuracy of projections of dangerous seismic loads to optimize the losses caused by
the negative impact of earthquakes in compliance with the pre-set dependence between safety,
economic efficiency and practicability patterns.
Probabilistic technologies, including passive constituents of the general method of geo-ecological
protection, have been tested in Central Ciscaucasia. The results of assessments of seismic
hazards and risks in various engineering and seismological conditions of Stavropol, Krasnodar,
Pyatigorsk, Kavkazskaya completed for structures of various degrees of responsibility are represented
in the article.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.154-168

References
  1. Telichenko V.I., Slesarev M.Yu. Upravlenie ekologicheskoi bezoposnost’yu stroitel’stva. Ekologicheskaya ekspertiza i otsenka vozdeystviy okruzhayushchuyu sredu [Management of Ecological Safety of Construction. Ecological Assessment of Impacts Produced onto the Environment]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2005, 441 p.
  2. Trofi mov V.T., Khar’kina M.A., Grigor’eva I.Yu. Ekologicheskaya geodinamika [Ecological Geodynamics]. Moscow, KDU Publ., 2008, 473 p.
  3. Medvedev S.V. Ingenernaya seismologia [Engineering seismology]. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1962, 284 p.
  4. Rikhter Ch. Elementarnaya seysmologiya [Elementary Seismology]. Moscow, Inostrannaya literatura Publ., 1963, 670 p.
  5. Yasamanov N.A. Osnovy geoekologii [Fundamentals of Geo-ecology]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2003, 352 p.
  6. Peredel’skiy L.V., Prikhodchenko O.E. Stroitel’naya ekologiya [Construction Ecology]. Rostov-on-Don, Feniks [Phoenix] Publ., 2003, 320 p.
  7. Karlovich I.A. Geoekologiya [Geo-ecology]. Akademicheskiy Proekt [The Academic Project]. Moscow, Al’ma-Mater Publ., 2005, 512 p.
  8. Telichenko V.I., Slesarev M.Yu. Stoikov V.F. Upravlenie ekologicheskoy bezopasnost’yu stroitel’stva. Ekologicheskiy monitoring. [Management of Ecological Safety of Construction. Ecological Monitoring]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2005, 328 p.
  9. Razrabotka raschetnykh modeley seysmicheskikh vozdeystviy dlya stroitel’nogo proektirovaniya s uchetom neopredelennosti i nepolnoty seysmologicheskikh dannykh o spektral’nykh i vremennykh parametrakh seysmicheskikh dvizheniy grunta [Development of Analysis Models of the Seismic Impact Produced onto Design with Account for Uncertainties and Incompleteness of Seismological Data concerning Spectral and Time Parameters of Seismic Motions of the Earth Surface]. Performed by Yu.K. Chernov. Funds of the RF State Committee for Construction, Residential Housing and Utilities. Stavropol, 2003, 141 p.
  10. Chernov A.Yu. Veroyatnostnyy analiz seysmicheskoy opasnosti dlya tseley stroitel’nogo proektirovaniya, strakhovaniya i otsenki ob”ektov nedvizhimosti (na primere territoriy tsentral’nogo Predkavkaz’ya) [Probabilistic Analysis of Seismic Hazard for Structural Design, Insurance and Appraisal of Real Estate Items (Exemplifi ed by the Territories of Central Ciscaucasia)]. Vestnik SevKavGTU [Proceedings of North Caucasian State Technical University]. 2011, no. 2, Stavropol’, 295 p.
  11. Chernov A.Yu. Veroyatnostnye modeli seysmogennogo razzhizheniya grunta i prakticheskiy opyt ikh primeneniya v g. Stavropol’ [Probabilistic Models of Seismic Liquefaction of Soil and Its Practical Application in Stavropol]. Vestnik SevKavGTU [Proceedings of North Caucasian State Technical University]. 2011, no. 4, Stavropol’, 275 p.
  12. Chernov A.Yu. Predvaritel’naya otsenka seysmicheskogo riska nekotorykh territoriy tsentral’nogo Predkavkaz’ya. Inzhenernye izyskaniya. Razdel inzhenernaya seysmologiya. [Tentative Assessment of Seismic Risks in Some Territories of Central Ciscaucasia]. Ingenernie izyskaniya. Razdel ingenernaya seismologiya. [Engineering Researches. Engineering Seismology]. Moscow, OAO PNIIIS, no. 12, 2011, 88 p.
  13. Chernov Yu.K. Sil’nye dvizheniya grunta i kolichestvennaya otsenka seysmicheskoy opasnosti territoriy [Strong Motions of Soil and Quantitative Assessment of Seismic Hazards in Territories]. Tashkent, FAN Publ., 1989, 295 p.
  14. SP-14.3330.2011. Stroitel’stvo v seysmicheskikh rayonakh [Construction Rules 14.3330.2011. Construction in Seismic Areas]. Moscow, Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation, 2011, 75 p.
  15. SNiP II 7—81* Stroitel’nye normy i pravila. Chast’ II. Glava 7. Stroitel’stvo v seysmicheskikh rayonakh [Construction Norms and Rules. Part II. Chapter 7. Construction in Seismic Areas]. Moscow, Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation, 2002, 48 p.

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ENERGY AND RESOURCE EFFICIENCY OF TRIBOLOGICAL ENGINEERING METHODS APPLIED TO CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

  • Gustov Yuriy Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Mechanical Equipment, Details of Construction Machines and Technology of Metals 8 (499) 183-94-95, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Voronina Irina Vladimirovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Senior Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Equipment, Details of Construction Machines and Technology of Metals 8 (499) 182-16-87, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Orekhov Aleksey Aleksandrovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Mechanical Equipment, Elements of Machines and Technology of Metals 8 (499) 183- 94-95, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 169 - 174

The subject matter of the article is the energy and resource efficiency of tribological engineering
methods applied to working sections and interfaces of construction machines and equipment
exposed to varied temperature and loading conditions. The relevance of the problem is based on the
need to increase the durability of working sections exposed to intensive wear and tear, to improve
the productivity and to reduce the material and power expenses associated with the maintenance
and repair of the above items of machinery. The solution is based on tribology-related achievements.
Effective tribological methods include surface cladding and spraying of wear-resistant materials
onto the wear surface, induction brazing of reinforcing hard alloys, thermal and chemicothermal
treatment, etc. The most effective is an integrated structural and surface-treatment method.
The resource efficiency of tribological methods is based on their energy efficiency at the stages
of manufacturing and operation. Extension of the service life of products shouldn't increase the
energy consumption rate. The latter is estimated with the help of the efficiency factor of tribological
systems.
The authors propose a new deformation and topography-related method of identification of the
efficiency factor of rubbing elements. It encompasses multiple friction and wear models.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.169-174

References
  1. Gustov Yu.I. Tribotekhnika stroitel’nykh mashin i oborudovaniya [Tribological Engineering of Construction Machinery and Equipment]. Moscow, MGSU, 2011, 197 p.
  2. Chikhos Kh. Sistemnyy analiz v tribonike [The System Analysis in Tribological Engineering]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1982, 351 p.
  3. Kragel’skiy I.V., Dobychin M.N., Kombalov V.S. Osnovy raschetov na trenie i iznos [Fundamentals of Friction and Wear Analysis]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ. 1977, 526 p.
  4. Gustov Yu.I., Voronina I.V. Povyshenie dolgovechnosti sredstv mekhanizatsii stroitel’stva [Increase of Durability of Construction Machinery]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 305—308.
  5. Gustov Yu.I., Voronina I.V., Orekhov A.A. Metodologiya issledovaniya tribomekhanicheskikh pokazateley stroitel’noy tekhniki [Methodology of Research of Tribological Engineering Performance Indicators of Construction Machinery]. Mekhanizatsiya stroitel’stva [Construction Machinery]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 10—12.
  6. Gustov Yu.I., Voronina I.V., Lyubushkin K.A. Metod otsenki deformatsionno-destruktivnykh pokazateley detaley stroitel’noy tekhniki [Method of Assessment of Deformation-destructive Indicators of Details of Construction Machinery]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 4, pp. 278—281.
  7. Gustov Yu.I. Voronina I.V. Energotopografi cheskiy metod issledovaniya iznosostoykosti rabochikh organov i sopryazheniy stroitel’noy tekhniki [Method of Power-driven Topographic Examination of Wear Resistance of Operating Elements and Interfaces of Construction Machines]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 2, pp. 273—277.
  8. Gustov Yu.I., Voronina I.V., Orekhov A.A. Opredelenie napryazheniy destruktsii metallov na osnove sinergetiki plasticheskoy deformatsii [Identification of Decomposition Strain of Metals through the employment of Synergetics of Plastic Deformation]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 172—175.
  9. Ivanova V.S., Balankin A.S., Bunin I.Zh. Sinergetika i fraktaly v materialovedenii [Synergetics and Fractals in Material Science]. Moscow, Nauka Publ.,1994, 383 p.
  10. Skudnov V.A. Predel’nye plasticheskie deformatsii metallov [Ultimate Plastic Deformations of Metals]. Moscow, Metallurgiya Publ., 1989, 176 p.

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USING WASTE PRODUCTS OF HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING IN ROAD BUILDING

  • Dyakonov Petr Yurevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher 8 (499) 188-15-87, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 175 - 180

A substantial amount of waste products of heat-and-power engineering has been accumulated
in Russian Federation up to the present time. The waste products include ash and other waste
materials. Their utilization is of particular significance in road building because this sector
demonstrates a high consumption rate of thermal engineering waste.
Physical and mechanical properties of the materials in question are different from the natural
properties of the soil, and they are determined by a variety of factors. Civil engineers tend not to
apply any waste products of heat-and-power engineering in soil building. The reason for that is that
the properties of these materials have not been examined thoroughly enough. The findings of the
examination of the properties of ash and waste products performed using the method of intensive
dynamic compacting satisfy the set of requirements developed by the road building authorities with
reference to the characteristics of the road embankment.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.175-180

References
  1. Trubetskoy K.N., Galchenko Yu.P. Mineral’no-syr’evoy kompleks i estestvennaya biota Zemli [Sector of Mineral Raw Materials and Natural Biota of the Earth]. Geoekologiya [Geoecology]. 2002, no. 6, pp. 483—489.
  2. Matyush A.N., Khusenskiy I.K. Ispol’zovanie letuchey zoly v GDR i FRG [Use of Fly Ash in GDR and FRG]. Energokhozyaystvo za rubezhom [Management of International Power Systems]. 1973, no. 4, pp. 8—9.
  3. Sivertsev G.N. Klassifi katsiya i kharakteristiki shlakov kak stroitel’nogo syr’ya [Classification and Characteristics of Slacks as Building Materials]. Moscow, TsNIPS Publ., 1955, no. 18, p. 20.
  4. Melent’ev V.A. Zoloshlakovye materialy i zolootvaly [Ashes and Ash Dumps]. Moscow, Energiya Publ., 1978, p. 5.
  5. D’yakonov P.Yu., Potapov A.D., Boltunov V.A. Primenenie tyazhelykh trambovok pri vozvedenii nasypey v transportnom stroitel’stve [Application of Heavy Hammers in Construction of Embankments in Road Building]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 1, pp. 97—99.

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CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MYCOLOGICAL EXAMINATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE INDOOR ECOLOGY

  • Pokrovskaya Elena Nikolaevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RAEN), Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kovalchuk Yuliya Lukinichna - A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher 8 (499) 135-98-82, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 181 - 188

Substantial fungosity of numerous historic buildings has been identifi ed in the course of mycological
examinations performed by the authors. The authors demonstrate a correlation between
the interior temperature, the moisture content, and the intensity of fungi growth over the surfaces of
walls and in the indoor air of premises. The findings have proven that there is a pressing need for an
antiseptic treatment of premises. The research completed by the authors demonstrates that a substantial
improvement of the ecological condition of the premises requires the use of the chemicals
that contain an active biocide that has a long-term antiseptic effect.
The authors have also identified that any long-term improvement of ecological conditions is
possible, if the premises are treated by Mipor, a fungicide and an antiseptic. Any treatment causes a
long-term reduction in the concentration of viable spores both on the surfaces and in the air. Mipor,
designed at Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, may be applied to stone, masonry, and
concrete surfaces to assure a long-term protection from microorganisms that represent a hazard to
the human health and destruct indoor surfaces.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.181-188

References
  1. Solomatov V.I., Erofeev V.T., Smirnov V.F., Semicheva A.S., Morozov E.A. Biologicheskoe soprotivlenie materialov [Biological Resistance of Materials]. Saransk, Ogarev Mordovia State University Publ., 2001, 196 p.
  2. Bogomolova E.V., Kirtsideli I.Yu., Minenko E.A. Potentsial’no opasnye mikromitsety zhilykh pomeshcheniy [Potentially Hazardous Fungi Inside the Living Space]. Mikologiya I Fitopatologiya [Mycology and Phytopathology]. 2009, no. 6, vol. 43, pp. 506—513.
  3. Pokrovskaya E.N. Poluchenie gidrofobnykh biostoykikh materialov pri poverkhnostnoy modifi katsii drevesiny [Generation of Hydrophobic Biostable Materials as a Result of the Surface Modifi cation of Timber]. Lesnoy zhurnal [Forest Journal]. 2008, no. 3, pp. 91—96.
  4. Pokrovskaya E.N. Khimiko-fi zicheskie osnovy uvelicheniya dolgovechnosti drevesiny. Sokhranenie pamyatnikov derevyannogo zodchestva s pomoshch’yu elementorganicheskikh soedineniy. [Longer Durability of Wood: Chemical and Physical Fundamentals. Preservation of Monuments of Wooden Architecture by Organic Compounds]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2003, 104 p.
  5. Pokrovskaya E.N. Sokhranenie pamyatnikov derevyannogo zodchestva s pomoshch’yu elementorganicheskikh soedineniy [Preservation of Monuments of Wooden Architecture by Organic Compounds]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009, 136 p.
  6. Pokrovskaya E.N., Chistov I.N. Dolgovechnost’ drevesiny i biokorroziya [Durability of Wood and Biological Corrosion]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2008, Special Issue no. 1, pp. 575—577.
  7. Chistov I.N., Pokrovskaya E.N. Issledovanie drevesiny istoricheskikh pamyatnikov arkhitektury metodom IK-spektroskopiii [Examination of the Wood of Historic Monuments through the Employment of the Method of IR Spectroscopy]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, Special Issue no. 1, pp. 455—457.
  8. Karpova E.V. Izuchenie modifi tsirovannoy drevesiny metodom IK-Fur’e spektroskopii [IR Fourier Spectroscopy in Research of Modifi ed Wood]. Krasnoyarsk, 2002.
  9. Karpov V.A., Pokrovskaya E.N., Kovalchuk Yu.L., Filichev N.L., Nguen Kuang Tan, Chuong Khiu Tan. Issledovanie biozashchitnykh svoystv sostava Mipor v tropicheskikh usloviyakh [Examination of Properties of Biological Protection Demonstrated by Mipor in the Tropical Environment]. Klimaticheskaya I biologicheskaya stoikost’ materialov [Climatic and Biological Resistance of Materials]. Moscow-Hanoi, GEOS Publ., 2003, pp. 103—105.

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CREATION OF A COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT IN PREMISES OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS WITH ACCOUNT FOR ARCHITECTURAL, ENGINEERING AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS

  • Saltykov Ivan Petrovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 189 - 196

The author provides his multiple-factor approach to the assessment and creation of a comfortable
indoor environment with account for architectural, engineering and ecological parameters.
Architectural parameters include indoor space arrangement, color solutions, etc. The engineering
approach contemplates favorable acoustic, thermal, humidity and lighting conditions. Nowadays,
the problem of the indoor microclimate is resolvable through the assessment of its conditions and
further assurance of comfort with the help of multiple advanced engineering solutions. Civil engineering
solutions may also bring an adequate level of comfort through the application of effi cient
building materials. The ecological safety of any premises has an impact not only on the sense of
comfort, but on the physical stamina and health of residents. The comfort of the inhabited environment
also means appropriate electro-magnetic properties and adequate aeration.
Research projects and advanced solutions are to make their contribution into development of
new criteria of assessment of comfort, particularly, in the inadequate ecological and social urban
environment.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.189-196

References
  1. Zokoley S.V. Arkhitekturnoe proektirovanie, ekspluatatsiya ob”ektov, ikh svyaz’ s okruzhayushchey sredoy [Environmental Science Handbook for Architects and Builders]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1984, 670 p.
  2. MGSN 3.01—01. Zhilye zdaniya. [Moscow City Building Requirements 3.01-01. Residential Buildings.] Moscow, 2001.
  3. Glazychev V.L. Technology of Environment Design. Master-class. Personal web-site of V.L. Glazychev. Available at: www.glazychev.ru. Date of access: 21.03.12.
  4. Nikerov V.A. Ekologichnyy dom glazami fi zika: sovety fi zika [Ecological House as Viewed by the Physicist: the Physicist’s Advice]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1992.
  5. Gagarin V.G., Zemtsov V.A., Igumnov N.M. Ravnoeffektivnost’ okonnykh blokov po parametram teplozashchity i svetopropuskaniya [Equal Effi ciency of Window Blocks in Terms of Thermal Resistance and Light Conductivity]. Krovel’nye i izolyatsionnye materialy [Roofi ng and Insulation Materials]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 41—43.
  6. Shadrin A.S., Shekhter F.L. Povyshenie effektivnosti resheniy bokovogo estestvennogo osveshcheniya [Improvement of Effi ciency of Lateral Daylight Solutions]. Svetotehnika [Illumination Engineering]. Moscow, 1990, no. 10, pp.
  7. Stetskiy S.V. K voprosu o sub”ektivnoy otsenke komfortnosti vnutrenney mikroklimaticheskoy sredy [Subjective Assessment of the Comfort of the Indoor Environment]. Stroitel’nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XX veka [Construction Materials, Equipment and Technologies of the 20th Century]. 2008, no. 12, pp. 63—65.
  8. Kirilyuk M.A. Otsenka urovnya komfortnosti zhilishchno-kommunal’nogo i sotsial’no-bytovogo obustroystva sel’skogo poseleniya [Assessment of Comfort of Residential Housing, Utilities and Social Infrastructure of a Rural Settlement]. Mehanizatsiya stroitel’stva [Building Mechanization]. 2010, no. 12, pp. 4—6.
  9. Myagkov M.S. Gorod, arkhitektura, chelovek i klimat [City, Architecture, Person, Climate]. Moscow, Arkhitektura-S Publ., 2007, p. 343.
  10. Kholshchevnikov V.V., Lukov A.V. Klimat mestnosti i mikroklimat pomeshcheniy [Outdoor and Indoor Climate]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2001.

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ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION PROCESSES

ITEMS OF STATE-OWNED REAL ESTATE: INVESTMENT APPEAL

  • Zanina Yana Andreevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering postgraduate student, Department of Construction Process Organization and Business Assessment, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 197 - 202

The author analyzes the methodology of assessment of the investment appeal of state-owned
items of real estate to select their management strategy.
Items of real estate have a dual nature; therefore, they are present both in the markets of real
estate and financial operations. Any real property acquired for income generation purposes (including
asset management, leasing, etc.), is the subject of various financial operations. If bought as a
dwelling, it operates as a real asset.
By identifying the dual nature of the real estate, the author examines the factors that influence
its investment appeal by assessing its relevance as a real or financial asset. As part of the choice of
the management strategy, assessment of the investment appeal of items of real estate is performed.
The author proposes a mathematical model capable of assessing the appeal of investment
projects that contemplate the acquisition of real estate items and effective operation of the real estate
market to select the principal investment strategy.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.197-202

References
  1. Sycheva G.I., Kolbachev E.B., Sychev V.A. Otsenka stoimosti predpriyatiya (biznesa) [Assessment of an Enterprise (Business)]. Rostov-on-Don, Feniks Publ., 2003, 384 p.
  2. Tsakunov S. Investitsii v Rossii: ozhidanie ottepeli [Investments in Russia: Waiting For a Thaw]. Rynok tsennykh bumag [Stock Market]. 1988, no. 6, 105 p.
  3. Korol’ S.V. Metodicheskie osnovy povysheniya effektivnosti upravleniya kommercheskoy nedvizhimost’yu sotsial’nogo naznacheniya v promyshlennom komplekse [Methodological Basis for Improving the Management Effi ciency of Commercial Real Estate Items of Social Security Designation in the Industrial Sector]. St. Petersburg, SPGIEU, 2005.
  4. Suyazova T.A. Formirovanie sistemy effektivnogo upravleniya munitsipal’noy nedvizhimost’yu [Formation of the System of Effective Municipal Property Management]. Norilsk, Norilsk Industrial Institute, 2006, 139 p.
  5. Tsapina T.N. Primenenie stsenarnogo podkhoda dlya upravleniya investitsiyami v obrazovanie promyshlennogo kholdinga [Scenario-based Approach to Management of Investments of an Industrial Holding Company to Be Made into Education]. Rossiyskoe predprinimatel’stvo [Russian Entrepreneurship]. 2008, no. 3, vol. 1 (107), pp. 13—17.
  6. Sevryugin Yu.V. Otsenka investitsionnoy privlekatel’nosti promyshlennogo predpriyatiya [Assessment of Investment Appeal of an Industrial Enterprise]. Izhevsk, 2004, 168 p.

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SYNERGETIC APPROACH TO IMPROVEMENT OF THE STRUCTURAL FLEXIBILITY OF AN INVESTMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT ON THE BASIS OF THE NYQUIST - MIKHAILOV CRITERION OF STABILITY

  • Morozenko Andrey Alexandrovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Director, Youth Centre for Professional Labour Activity 8 (499) 183-25-83, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 203 - 206

In the article, the author proves that the resistance to crises that originate both inside the organization
and in the external environment has a great importance in terms of formation of stability
of the organizational structure. In this article, the issue of flexibility of the organizational structure is
considered; the author demonstrates that the rapidity of the system response to any internal and
external impacts is essential for the purpose of appraisal of the system properties. The analysis
performed by the author serves as the basis for his recommendations designated to assure the
organizational stability in the course of any potential crises.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.203-206

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METHODS OF ENHANCING THE INVESTMENT APPEAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

  • Mubarakzyanova Aliya Ravilevna - Kazan State Unniversity of Architecture and Civil Engineering Candidate of Economics, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Urban Economics and Management, Kazan State Unniversity of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 1 Zelenaya st., Building 4, Kazan, 420043, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 207 - 2013

According to the author, the Republic of Tatarstan is included into the pool of successfully
developing regions of the Russian Federation, due to its impressive innovative development successes.
Towards this end, transformations of the local economy and legislation have been completed.
Development of the innovative infrastructure is a core constituent of further development and
improvement of the scientific, industrial and business environment of the republic. The programme
of innovative activities is successfully implemented in the Republic of Tatarstan. It incorporates a
network of interconnected subsystems that represent a legislative and investment base for further
development and expansion of the regional economy. Arrangement of conditions designated to assure
more intensive inflow of investments into knowledge-intensive industries will undoubtedly promote
transformation of results of scientific researches into new or advanced products and technologies.
The top-priority objectives of the investment policy assumed by the local authorities include the
restructuring of the local industry, improvement of its competitive strengths and provision of proven
benefits to international investors.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.207-2013

References
  1. An’shin V.M. Investitsionnyy analiz [Investment Analysis]. Moscow, Delo Publ., 2004, 280 p.
  2. Official web-site of the Republic of Tatarstan. Available at: http://www.tatar.ru. Date of access: 13.03.2012
  3. Official web-site of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. Available at: http://www.economy.gov.ru. Date of access: 03.02.2012.
  4. Web-site of the Russian centre of foreign investments at the web-site of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation. Available at: http://www.fipc.ru. Date of access: 21.09.2010.
  5. Balabanov I.T. Finansovyy menedzhment [Financial Management]. Moscow, Finansy i statistika Publ., 1994, 224 p.
  6. Basov A.I. Innovatsii — glavnoe napravlenie investitsionnogo protsessa [Innovations as the Top Direction of the Investment Process]. Finansy i kredit Publ., 2003, no. 5, pp. 28—34.
  7. Osnovnye pokazateli investitsionnoy i stroitel’noy deyatel’nosti v RT [Main Indicators of Investment and Construction Activity in the Republic of Tatarstan]. Goskomstat [State Statistics Committee], 2007-2010.
  8. Belous T. Pryamye inostrannye investitsii v Rossii: plyusy i minusy [Direct Foreign Investments in Russia: Pluses and Minuses]. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [The World Economy and International Relations]. 2003, no. 9, pp. 60—66.
  9. Yudanov A.Yu. Konkurentsiya: teoriya i praktika [Competition: Theory and Practice]. Moscow, Tandem Publ., GNOM-PRESS Publ., 1998, 467 p.
  10. Dann M. Marketing dlya professionalov [Marketing for Professionals]. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2005, 320 p.
  11. Zagidullina G.M. Upravlenie ekonomicheskim razvitiem stroitel’nykh organizatsiy razlichnykh form sobstvennosti [Management of Economic Development of Construction Organizations of Various Types of Ownership]. Moscow, 1996, 40 p.
  12. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po formirovaniyu kontseptsii sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya munitsipal’nogo obrazovaniya [Methodical Recommendations concerning Development of the Concept of Social and Economic Development of the Municipality]. Moscow, Munitsipal’naya vlast’ Publ., 2000.
  13. Kovalev V.V., Ivanov V.V., Lyalina V.A. Investitsii [Investments]. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2005, 440 p.
  14. Matskulyak I.D. Gosudarstvennye i munitsipal’nye fi nansy [Public and Municipal Finances]. Moscow, RAGS Publ., 2007, 640 p.
  15. Dollar D., Wolf E. The Global Competitive. Journal of International Economics, 2003, no. 27 (3-4). Oxford University Press, pp. 199—220.
  16. Web site: Investitsii Rossii [Investments of Russia]. Available at: http://www.investmentrussia.ru. Date of access: 19.06.2011.

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GUIDELINES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE COST OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF STATE-OWNED ITEMS OF REAL ESTA

  • Orlov Aleksandr Konstantinovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of National Economy and Business Assessment, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Zanina Yana Andreevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering postgraduate student, Department of Construction Process Organization and Business Assessment, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 214 - 220

The article covers the methodology of calculation of the costs of maintenance and repair of
state-owned items of real estate. Currently, a duly organized system designated for the calculation
of operational costs and for the optimization of the cost of extensive repairs and maintenance, is
a prerequisite for the effective use of financial resources and, above all, the budget. This rule is of
particular importance for state-owned budget-funded facilities.
Having analyzed the concept of the real estate operation and the operating costs of maintenance
of state-owned items of real property, available in multiple sources, the authors identify
the following basic breakdown of costs: the cost of maintenance of facilities, costs associated with
regular preventive maintenance, and maintenance of facilities, utilities and construction sites. The
authors propose specific guidelines designated for the calculation of the cost of maintenance and
repair of items of real estate. In this paper, the authors present their algorithm of calculation of the
cost of maintenance of state-owned items of real estate.
Thus, the proposed system may serve as the instrument of effective management of stateowned
property within the framework of the government policy.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.214-220

References
  1. Poryvay G.A. Tekhnicheskaya ekspluatatsiya zdaniy [Technical Maintenance of Buildings]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1990, 369 p.
  2. Grigor’ev P.Ya., Chipiga N.P. Tekhnicheskaya ekspluatatsiya zdaniy [Technical Maintenance of Buildings]. Khabarovsk, DVGUPS Publ., 2001, 151 p.
  3. Mirakhmedov M. Tekhnicheskoe obsluzhivanie zdaniy [Maintenance of Buildings]. Tashkent, Ukiduvchi Publ., 1990, 151 p.
  4. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po opredeleniyu stoimosti obyazatel’nykh i dopolnitel’nykh rabot i uslug po soderzhaniyu i remontu obshchego imushchestva sobstvennikov pomeshcheniy v mnogokvartirnom dome [Guidelines for the Calculation of the Cost of Mandatory and Supplementary Works and Services That Encompass Maintenance and Repair of the Common Property of Co-owners of Premises of an Apartment Building]. ZAO «Tsentr munitsipal’noy ekonomiki i prava» [Joint Stock Company Centre for Municipal Economy and Law]. Moscow, 2009.
  5. Asaul A.N., Ivanov S.N., Starovoytov M.K. Ekonomika nedvizhimosti [Economics of Real Estate]. St.Petersburg, IPEV Publ., 2009, 304 p.

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND LOGISTICS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

COMPUTER-AIDED ANALYSIS OF THE REINFORCEMENT OF A LOGGIA SLAB THAT HAS A BRICK BARRIER

  • Zaikin Vladimir Genrikhovich - State Unitary Enterprise Vladimirgrazhdanproekt - Principal Institute of Structural Design postgraduate student, Director, Department of Analysis of Building Structures 8 (4922) 32-62-32, 8 (4922) 32-27-54, State Unitary Enterprise Vladimirgrazhdanproekt - Principal Institute of Structural Design, Vladimir, 9 Oktyabrskiy prospekt, 600025, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 221 - 225

In the paper, the author demonstrates the possibility to take account of effective stiffness of the
barrier in the analysis of the reinforcement of a loggia slab based on the condition of deflection. No
enhanced reinforcement is needed, unlike in the event of a manual analysis.
The method of computer-aided analysis proposed by the author may be applicable to the
analysis of monolithic mushroom structures, particularly, to those sections that are located below the
walls. The amount of reinforcing steel saved through the application of the proposed methodology
may exceed 50 %, if the boundary deflection values are taken into account.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.221-225

References
  1. SNiP 2.01.07—85*. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya [Construction Norms and Rules 2.01.07—85*. Loads and Actions]. Gosstroy SSSR [USSR State Committee for Construction]. Moscow, GUP TsPP [State Unitary Enterprise Centre for Design Products in the Construction Industry]. 2000, 44 p.
  2. SNiP II-22—81*. Kamennye i armokamennye konstruktsii [Construction Norms and Rules II-22—81*. Masonry and Reinforced Masonry Structures]. Gosstroy Rossii [State Committee for Construction of Russia]. Moscow, FGUP TsPP [Federal State Unitary Enterprise Centre for Design Products in the Construction Industry], 2004, 41 p.
  3. SP 52-101—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii bez predvaritel’nogo napryazheniya armatury [Construction Rules 52-101—2003. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures without Prestressing of the Reinforcement]. NIIZhB Gosstroya Rossii [Scientific and Research Institute of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete of the State Committee for Construction of Russia]. Moscow, FGUP TsPP [Federal State Unitary Enterprise Centre for Design Products in the Construction Industry]. 2004, 53 p.
  4. Posobie po proektirovaniyu betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy iz tyazhelogo betona bez predvaritel’nogo napryazheniya armatury (k SP 52-101—2003) [Manual on Design of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures Made of Heavy Concrete without Prestressing of the Reinforcement (Based on Construction Rules 52-101-2003)]. Moscow, TsNIIPromzdaniy [Central Scientific and Research Institute of Industrial Buildings], Moscow, 2005, 214 p.
  5. SNiP 3.03.01—87. Nesushchie i ograzhdayushchie konstruktsii [Construction Norms and Rules 3.03.01—87. Bearing and Walling Structures]. Gosstroy SSSR [USSR State Committee for Construction]. Moscow, 1988, 191 p.

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AUTOMATED DESIGN AND STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF SINGLE-CONTOUR GEODETIC SHELLS COMPOSED OF FLAT ELEMENTS

  • Suprun Anatoliy Nikolaevich - Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Information Systems and Technologies 8 (831) 4 30-54-92, Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 65 Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Dyskin Lev Matveevich - Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering ( Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Heating and Ventilation 8 (831) 430-54-86, Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (, 65 Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Platov Aleksandr Yurevich - Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Information Systems in the Economy 8 (831) 437-07-28, Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 65 Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Lakhov Andrey Yakovlevich - Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Informational Systems and Technologies 8 (831) 430-54- 92, Nizhegorodskiy State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 65 Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 226 - 233

The article is a brief review of the research of the stress-deformation state of a structure
that represents a hemispherical geodetic dome exposed to the dead load. Single-contour geodetic
domes composed of flat plates are the subject of the research. The process of their design has two
stages: (a) design of geometric models of geodetic domes and (b) analysis of domes.
The authors demonstrate that the first stage can be implemented through the employment of
the library of ArchiCAD objects. Supplementary research is needed to have the second stage implemented.
The objective of this research is to present the results of the research using computer-aided
methods of modeling of metal structures. The analysis of smooth hemispherical domes is performed
using analytical and finite-element methods within the Patran/Nastran environment. The authors
demonstrate that the results of the finite-element method analysis converge with the results of the
analytical method analysis.
Conversion of geometric models of geodetic domes into the format that satisfies Patran preprocessor
requires the employment of the Visual Basic software. Ultimately, comparison between
the results obtained in respect of the geodetic dome and the analytical results obtained in respect
of the smooth dome exposed to the dead load is performed. The conclusion is that the maximal
stress experienced by a single-contour geodetic dome, in the event of reduction of sizes of plates,
converges with the maximal stress of similar smooth domes.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.226-233

References
  1. Tupolev M.S. Novye arkhitekturnye tipy svodov i kupolov dlya massovogo stroitel’stva [New Architectural Types of Vaults and Domes for Large-scale Construction]. Мoscow, 1951.
  2. Fuller R.B. Geodesic Dome. Perspecta Publ., 1952, no. 1, pp. 30—33.
  3. Pavlov G.N., Suprun A.N. Avtomatizatsiya arkhitekturnogo proektirovaniya geodezicheskikh kupolov i obolochek [Automation of Architectural Design of Geodetic Domes and Envelopes]. Nizhniy Novgorod, NNGASU Publ., 2006, 162 p.
  4. Suprun A.N., Pavlov G.N., Lakhov A.Ya., Tkachenko A.K. Avtomatizatsiya arkhitekturnogo proektirovaniya i prochnostnogo rascheta geodezicheskikh obolochek [Automation of Architectural Design and Strength Analysis of Geodetic Domes]. Privolzhskiy nauchnyy zhurnal [Privolzhskiy Scientific Journal]. Nizhniy Novgorod, NNGASU Publ., 2008, № 23(7), pp. 15—19.
  5. Lakhov A.Ya., Suprun A.N. SVN — trekhmernye grafi cheskie interfeysy na osnove DirectX i VC# dlya vizualizatsii rezul’tatov raschetov bezopasnosti stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy [SVN — Three-dimensional Graphic Interfaces on the Basis of DirectX and VC # for Visualization of Results of Analysis of Safety of Building Structures]. Privolzhskiy nauchnyy zhurnal [Privolzhskiy Scientific Journal]. Nizhniy Novgorod, NNGASU Publ., 2010, no. 2, pp. 10—15.
  6. Lakhov A.Ya. Raschet dvukhkonturnykh geodezicheskikh kupolov sistemy «P» metodom konechnykh elementov v sisteme Patran/Nastran [Analysis of Dual-contour Geodetic Domes of P-System Using Method of Finite elements within the Patran/Nastran System]. Informatsionnaya sreda vuza [Information Medium of an Institution of Higher Education]. Proceedings of the 17th Scientific and Technical Conference. IGASU Publ., 2010, pp. 121—125.
  7. Lakhov A.Ya. Translyator geometricheskikh modeley odnokonturnykh geodezicheskikh obolochek ArchiCAD — Patran [ArchiCAD — Patran Translator of Geometric Models of Single-contour Geodetic Domes]. Proceedings of KOGRAF 2012 Scientific and Technical Conference. Nizhniy Novgorod, 2012, pp. 155—159.
  8. Karpov Yu.G. Teoriya i tekhnologiya programmirovaniya. Osnovy postroeniya translyatorov. [Theory and Technology of Programming. Basics of Constructing of Translators]. St.Petersburg, BHV-Peterburg Publ., 2005, 272 p.
  9. Vinogradov G.G. Raschet stroitel’nykh prostranstvennykh konstruktsiy. [Analysis of Spacial Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1990, 264 p.
  10. Shimkovich D.G. Raschet konstruktsiy v MSC.visualNastran for Windows [Analysis of Structures in MSC.visualNastran for Windows]. Moscow, DMK Press Publ., 2004, 704 p.
  11. Ohmori H., Yamamoto K. Shape Optimization of Shell and Spatial Structure for Specifi ed Stress Distribution. Memoires of the School of Engineering, Nagoya University, vol. 50, no. 1(1998), pp. 1—32.
  12. Loganathan S., Morgan R.C. Snap-through Buckling Analysis of Shallow Geodesic Dome Using MSC/Nastran. The Fifth Australian MSC Users Conference, Sydney, Australia, November, 1991.
  13. Anders M., Harte R. Buckling of Concrete Shells: a Simplifi ed Numerical Approach. Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures. IASS Publ., vol. 47(2006), no. 3.

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PROBLEMS OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

A PARTNERSHIP OF LECTURERS AS A NEW ORGANIZATIONAL FORM OF CIVIL ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN MOSCOW IN THE EARLY 20th CENTURY

  • Panteleeva Tatyana Leonidovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department of History and Culture Studies, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 234 - 240

The article based on unpublished archived documents deals with the history of the first civil
engineering colleges in Moscow. They served as the foundation of professional training in civil engineering.
Many distinguished persons, well-known as the founders of academic schools started
their careers there.
The first civil engineering college in Moscow, founded by M.K. Priorov in 1905, enjoyed high
enrolment rates due to the growing needs in skilled builders. However, officers of the Ministry of
Education filed complaints about poor quality training at Priorov's college. In 1907, several teachers
headed by V.N. Obraztsov decided to launch another civil engineering college and to establish
"Special Partnership of Lecturers and Engineers" to raise funds for the college equipment.
Thirteen persons signed the agreement to join the Fund as shareholders. The General Meeting of
the Founders voted in favour of three persons who entered the Fund Administration Board. V.N.
Obraztsov, Director, had extensive powers in day-to-day affairs. The College was successful, and
its success was highly appreciated by the Ministry of Education. It served as a good example for
a team of lecturers at Priorov's college. In 1914, they reorganized this educational institution into
a special partnership, which made it possible to develop their college more successfully. Until
1917, there were two civil engineering colleges organized as special partnerships of lecturers in
Moscow.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.234-240

References
  1. Panteleeva T.L. K 105-letiyu pervogo Moskovskogo stroitel’no-tekhnicheskogo uchilishcha [Concerning the 105th Anniversary of the First Moscow College of Civil Engineering and Technology]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 4, vol. 3, pp. 90—94.
  2. Central Moscow Historic Archives. F. 459. Op. 5. D. 2199. L. 11. ob.12.
  3. Central Moscow Historic Archives. F. 459. Op. 5. D. 2658. L. 105, 179—180.
  4. Central Moscow Historic Archives. F. 459. Op. 5. D. 2661. L. 1—6, 73—74 ob., 82—82 ob.
  5. Central Moscow Historic Archives. F. 459. Op. 5. D. 2752. L. 2—3, 47, 92.
  6. Central Moscow Historic Archives. F. 459. Op. 5. D. 3484. L. 36—37, 54.
  7. Central Moscow Historic Archives. F. 459. Op. 5. D. 4696. L. 40—44 ob.
  8. Central Moscow Historic Archives. F. 459. Op. 5. D. 5205. L. 32—33.
  9. Molokova T.A. Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy stroitel’nyy universitet: istoriya i sovremennost’ [Moscow State University of Civil Engineering; History and Present Time]. Moscow, 2001, pp. 8—15.
  10. Telichenko V.I., Korolev M.V., Molokova T.A. MISI-MGSU: traditsii i novoe razvitie [MGSU-MISI: Traditions and New Development]. Moscow, 2006, pp. 12—13.

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USING POWERPOINT SLIDES IN THE COURSE OF DELIVERING LECTURES IN CHEMISTRY

  • Telnoy Viktor Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Military Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics 8 (499) 183-24-83, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Nikiforova Tamara Pavlovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Deputy Chair, Department of General Chemistry, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Ustinova Yuliya Valerevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of General Chemistry 8 (499) 183-32-92, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 241 - 246

Chemistry as a training course has its own characteristics which determine methods of organization
of various training activities, including lectures, laboratory assignments, and independent
work of students. However, the specificity and complexity of a course in chemistry do not contribute
to any increase in the willingness to master it. Problems in the perception and comprehension of the
subject cause the insufficient knowledge of chemistry. Therefore, alongside with proven classical
forms and methods of training advanced computer technologies are to be employed in the course
of delivering lectures in chemistry.
Given the nature of the discipline, the authors consider a sequence of presentations and
recommendations concerning the design of Microsoft Power Point slides to improve the clarity and
problem-free perception of the material to be mastered, and to develop the intellectual abilities of
students.
The process of compiling and developing the presentations is to be composed of the following
stages: generation of a pool of educational information within the framework of one lecture, breakdown
of its sections into slides, design of individual slides. At the same time, the sequence of slides
is to follow the course programme. Illustrations are required, including traditional fi gures, tables,
diagrams, video clips, animation and colour effects. If necessary, a student can go back to any section
of a lecture to answer questions.
One peculiar feature of a course in chemistry is a need for computer-aided simulation of
chemical phenomena and processes. It is an inseparable constituent of any course in chemistry. It
is also a method of reinforcing the process of learning and understanding of the essence of chemical
processes. It contributes to the development of explanatory skills of students who need to explain
the phenomena that they observe.
All presentations are recorded on computer disks so that students could use them for selfeducational
purposes or for the revision of any recorded material.
The proposed innovative lectures in chemistry can signifi cantly increase the amount of the
lecturing material by making it clearer and more demonstrative. It is aimed at improving the process
of training of a modern engineer.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.8.241-246

References
  1. Monakhov B.E., Tel’noy V.I. Izuchenie inzhenernoy grafi ki s ispol’zovaniem distantsionnykh informatsionnykh tekhnologiy [The study of Engineering Graphics through the Use of Distance Learning Information Technologies]. Proceedings of the VI International Scientific and Practical Conference «Modern Information Technologies and IT Education». Moscow, MGU Publ., 2011, vol. 1, pp. 354—357.
  2. Monakhov B.E., Tel’noy V.I. Obuchenie i kontrol’ znaniy po nachertatel’noy geometrii s ispol’zovaniem distantsionnykh obrazovatel’nykh tekhnologiy [Training and Assessment of Academic Performance in Descriptive Geometry through the Employment of Distance Learning Technologies]. Collection of selected works of the VI International Scientific and Practical Conference «Modern Information Technologies and IT education». Moscow, INTUIT.RU Publ., 2011, pp. 389—395.
  3. Tel’noy V.I. Ispol’zovanie mul’timediynykh prezentatsiy pri chtenii lektsiy po nachertatel’noy geometrii [Using Multimedia Presentations in the Course of Delivering Lectures in Descriptive Geometry]. Proceedings of the 7th All-Russian Scientific, Practical and Educational Conference «Basic Sciences in Modern Construction». Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2010, pp. 84—88.

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