The article shows that the negative trends in the cities development, especially their territorial "sprawling" contributes to the onset of the global environmental crisis. This call requires setting the city planners mind on noosphere thinking and establishing an adequate system of spatial development of the cities. The formation of compact city models "new urbanism", "smart development" can be considered a progressive response and a world trend. It fully meets the course of integrated urban development of the underground space.In order to overcome the significant gap on this issue between Russia and many foreign countries the urban policy needs to be updated (disclosure of the fundamental principle of sustainable development), methodologies and tools of developing underground urbanity should be developed. The authors propose such a change of the underground space as an integrated spatial and geoenergy resource with the commitment to the strategic evaluation of its development during the entire life cycle of underground construction projects.The co-authors take into account the environmental effects of the proposed development under the direction of modern paradigms of the biosphere compatible, viable and growing cities, as well as the capacity to organize their own groups. As a base model, we take a city as a complex system of natural and man-caused, containing a fiber space where underground space and underground structures is one of the layers. The instrument for this approach implementation may be a biotechnospherical humanitarian balance of the city, including the parameters of underground layers. In addition, the calculations of the information flow (Entropy) between the layers is of great importance. The sustainable development of the city is dominated by a stream of negative entropy.On this basis, for the conditions of Moscow the device tools "physical planning" should be used in respect of the characteristics of underground space development (strategic and territorial planning, urban design, etc.). This takes into account the specificity of the territories of the historical city centre and the periphery, suggesting different approaches.

In civil and industrial buildings there are rooms, the height of which is significantly smaller than in the plan. Such spaces are flat. Distribution of the reflected sound energy depends substantially on the ratio of length to width and to height. These relations have a significant value to downturns. In flat space the reflected sound energy remains constant height along and varies only in terms of the distance from the sound source. This feature can substantially simplify the formulas for determining the density of the reflected energy. In such areas (rooms of various offices, manufacturing plants, etc.), a large number of equipment and work sources uniformly distributed in the area with approximately equal acoustic power are usually located. The equipment leads to further redistribution of the reflected energy. The technological equipment effect on the energy distribution depends on its sound absorption and sound absorption characteristics of the room. In order to assess the effectiveness of acoustic absorption it is necessary to find a method of calculating noise regime in flat areas, which will take into account the features of noise propagation there. The article presents a method for calculating noise for civil and industrial buildings, taking into account the peculiarities of noise fields in these areas and the presence of the scattering and absorbing sound equipment. The method is based on a statistical approach to the calculation of the reflected sound energy. The proposed calculation method and the computer program can solve the problem by evaluating the noise regime at all the design stages of noise control.

In the article the authors propose a simplified method of dynamic analysis of the resistance to progressive collapse of a fragment of the building bearing system with amplified floors. This method is based on representing the building bearing system as a dynamic model with a denumerable number of degrees of freedom, in which the resistance of the system is provided mainly by the behavior of the columns. The degrees of freedom number is determined by the number of floors «hanging» to amplified floors. Thecontribution of slabs in the total system resistance is not taken into account. Stress-strain state of the columns is determined by the non-linear resistance diagram, including three stages: elastic, elastic with cracks and plastic stage connected with plastic yield in the steel of the columns. The criterion of sustainability to the progressive collapse is relative strain of steel of the undestroyed columns. A numerical example of the calculation of the building resistance to progressive collapse in case of sudden destruction of one vertical element based on proposed theoretical method is offered. A model with two numbers of degrees was considered. The suggested method allows estimating the strength, deformability and stability of monolithic reinforced concrete frame buildings with separate amplified floors. In the future it is intended to complicate the model by the accounting for the influence of deformation and constructive solution of the slabs on the stiffness characteristics of the model as a system with a finite number of degrees of freedom.

Basing on the damaging statistics obtained during the on-site inspections of industrial multi-span building structures with under-crane secondary trusses which have continuous lower plinth, we simulated the scenario of the most likely damage development of under-crane secondary trusses.The first scenario is the development of cracks along the total cross section of plinth. In the process of calculations we defined a real deformation scheme of plinth of under-crane secondary trusses with damage and its stress condition.The second scenario is the destruction of a support or support mounting unit to the lower plinth of under-crane secondary trusses. The destruction of this kind can occur as a result of a crack in a support or as a result of destruction of high-strength fasteners of a support to plinth. We discovered that a system with such damage is geometrically unchanged; there is no possibility of sudden destruction of both the under-crane secondary trusses and the entire building frame.The third scenario is the upper plinth separation from one of the walls of lower plinth of under-crane secondary trusses.The scenario is developed to define the viability of under-crane secondary trusses as a result of cracks in the area of wall junction with the upper shelf of lower plinth, their further development and the appearance of discrete cracks developing into a backbone along the entire span length of under-crane secondary trusses.Based on the calculations of the stress strain state of under-crane secondary trusses with damages in the emergency nature in a separate span of the lower plinth and a truss member, we estimated the viability of structure. The analysis of viability limits makes it possible to find the measures of collapse preventing and avoid possible victims.

The method of two-sided evaluations is extended to the problems of stability of an elastic non-uniformly compressed rod, the variation formulations of which may be presented in terms of internal bending moments with uniform integral conditions. The problems are considered, in which one rod end is fixed and the other rod end is either restraint or pivoted, or embedded into a support which may be shifted in a transversal direction.For the substantiation of the lower evaluations determination, a sequence of functionals is constructed, the minimum values of which are the lower evaluations for the minimum critical value of the loading parameter of the rod, and the calculation process is reduced to the determination of the maximum eigenvalues of modular matrices. The matrix elements are expressed in terms of integrals of basic functions depending on the type of fixation of the rod ends. The basic functions, with the accuracy up to a linear polynomial, are the same as the bending moments arising with the bifurcation of the equilibrium of a rod with a constant cross-section compressed by longitudinal forces at the rod ends. The calculation of the upper evaluation is reduced to the determination of the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix, which almost coincides with one of the elements of the modular matrices. It is noted that the obtained upper bound evaluation is not worse thanthe evaluation obtained by the Ritz method with the use of the same basic functions.

The present article studies the order of performing low-cycle fatigue strength calculation of the elements of the full-scale specimen construction of the fixed support DN 1000 of the above-ground oil pipeline “Zapolyarye — Purpe” during rig-testing. The calculation is performed with the aim of optimizing the quantity of testing and, accordingly, cost cutting for expensive experiments. The order of performing the calculation consists of two stages. At the first stage the calculation is performed by the finite element method of the full-scale specimen construction’s stressed-deformed state in the calculation complex ANSYS. Thearticle describes the main creation stages of the finite element calculation model for the full-scale specimen in ANSYS. The calculation model is developed in accordance with a three-dimensional model of the full-scale specimen, adapted for rig-testing by cyclic loads. The article provides the description of the full-scale specimen construction of the support and loading modes in rig-testing. Cyclic loads are accepted as calculation ones, which influence the support for the 50 years of the oil pipeline operation and simulate the composite impact in the process of the loads’ operation connected to the changes in the pumping pressure, operational bending moment. They also simulate preloading in the case of sagging of the neighboring free support. For the determination of the unobservable for the diagnostic devices defects impact on the reliability of the fixed support and welding joints of the fixed support with the oil pipeline by analogy with the full-scale specimen, artificial defects were embedded in the calculation model. The defects were performed in the form of cuts of the definite form, located in a special way in the spool and welding joints. At the second stage of calculation for low-cycle fatigue strength, the evaluation of the cyclic strength of the full-scale specimen construction’s elements of the fixed support was performed in accordance with the requirements of Russian State Standard GOST R 52857.6—2007 on the basis of the overall and local stress condition, received according to the results of the calculation in ANSYS. In accordance with the results of the conducted work the conclusion was drawn about fulfilling the standard requirements for the low-cycle fatigue strength of the developed full-scale specimen of the support. Therefore, the application of the modern approaches to the numerical modeling of the fixed support construction operation allowed minimizing the quantity of full-scale tests of the specimen with the cyclic load, escaping the excessive conservatism in evaluation of the cyclic strength and developing of the optimal for the metal intensity construction.

The main object of this study is the reconstruction, renovation and modernization of the housing built in the period 1975—1985. These buildings have low energy efficiency due to the poor thermal insulation properties of the walls. These apartments do not meet the necessary requirements for year round warmth and comfort.Reconstruction is more preferable, than new-build, because of the cost saving for the land acquisition. Reconstruction is generally 1.5 times cheaper than new-build with 25—40 % reduced cost on building materials and engineering infrastructure.Increasing the width of the apartment blocks from 12 to 15 m can save 9—10 % on the consumption of thermal energy for heating and reduce the m2 construction cost by 5.5—7.0 %. In—5-9 storey high-rise buildings the savings are 3—5 %.Therefore, the width of the apartment block should preferably be between 9—12 m but could be extended to 18 m. The depth of the apartments themselves will be 5.4 — 6.0 —7.2 or 9.0 m. During the reconstruction of 5-storey residential buildings (Building Type105) in a seismic zone, an increase in the width of the block and the lateral stiffness of the building is achieved by building a new reinforced concrete (RC) frame on both sides of the building with a depth of between 2 and 6 m. This technique is especially effective in increasing the seismic resistance of the building. Self-supporting walls of cellular concrete blocks (density 600 kg/m3 and a thickness of 300 mm) are constructed on the outside of the frame, taking care to avoid cold bridges.Model studies have shown that in the conditions of hot-arid climate the thickness of the air gap in a ventilated facade does not significantly change the cooling-energy consumption of the building, and heating consumption is significantly increased. The building's energy consumption is most influenced by the volume of the air in the air gap. By increasing the ventilation rate in the air gap, the energy consumption for building heating increases and for cooling — slightly decreases. For the conditions of the northern region of Tajikistan, the recommended optimal thickness of the air gap with ventilation is 60 mm.

This work was carried out to study at the same time the dynamics of wave propagation in plane and axisymmetric plates by finite-difference numerical calculation and by the method of dynamic photoelasticity.In many cases it is possible to carry out the investigation of the dynamic stressed state of solid structures under the impact of seismic waves in plane statement, observing the foundation and the building itself in the conditions of plane deformation. Such problems in structural mechanics are usually investigated on plates providing the conditions of generalized plane stressed condition and accounting for the necessity of the known substitution of elastic constants. In case of applying the model of generalized plane stressed state for investigating two-dimensional waves’ propagation in three-dimensional elastic medium it may be necessary to observe certain additional conditions, which for example limit the class of external impacts of high frequencies (short waves). The use of candling for wave recording in plane models explored with the method of dynamic photoelasticity in the observed cases of impulse loading of the plates with finite thickness gives satisfactory results.

The paper presents pile strip foundations in the areas with karst risk. The analysis of karst hole formation mechanism shows the lateral soil pressure on the piles caused by the downfallen soil on the hole rims, which transfers around the hole edges during karst hole formation. In this case, the horizontal pressure of the pile reactive force in the area of the pile connection with the raft is transferred to the raft. Pile failure at the hole boundaries will lead to the increase of the raft bearing distance above the karst hole. The inadequate raft bearing capacity can provoke the emergency situation. The existing Codes on karst protective foundations design do not contain the analysis of pile and raft horizontal pressure under the downfallen soil.The goal of this work is to develop the method of pile strip foundations analysis in the areas with karst risk in case of karst hole formation. The analysis of stress-strain state of the system “foundation soil — pile foundation” was carried out using numerical modeling in geotechnical program MIDAS GTS. As a result of numerical investigations, the diagrams of lateral soil pressure onto the piles and the raft are plotted. The pile pressure is approximated with the linear or bilinear function in dependence on geometrical dimensions of the karst hole and strength characteristics of soil that generates the horizontal pressure.In the Codes, the analysis of a pile under lateral soil pressure is given for a pile with the free end. In the problem examined, the pile head has the hinged bearing in place of the connection with the raft. In view of the given boundary data, the pile design scheme is plotted. The inner forces and displacements of the pile are determined by integrating the differential equation of a pile bending. The consistent integrations are evaluated out of the boundary conditions. The boundary values of inner forces and displacements are evaluated from the equality conditions of displacements and inner forces in the pile at the level of the hole bottom that are evaluated in turn for the upward and downward pile section. The method of pile analysis is developed in case of lateral soil pressure approximation with the linear function.The method worked out allows recalculating a pile being at the edge of the karst hole and accepting the lateral pressure of the downfallen soil on the hole edges.

The article deals with research results of the sealing of pores in drainage filters by organic particles. Permeability tests were carried out with the constant gradient 1.5. The water flow through the sample of soil was top-down.The tests were carried out with 2 types of samples: the first part of samples had layers (from up to down) 300 mm peat and 2 layers of geotextile, the second part consisted of 250 mm peat, 200 mm fine sand and 2 layers of geotextile. Well decomposed peatsamples were used. Peat had the following characteristics: density is 1,05...1,06 g/cm3, specific density — 1,53...1,56 g/cm3, void ratio — 12,0...12,5. The duration of each test was 15 days. During testing the hydraulic conductivity of samples was decreased by 1.3...1.9.After completing the tests the hydraulic conductivity of sand and geotextile were measured. The content of organic matter in geotextile and fine sand was determined as well. Dry mass of organic matter in the first layer of geotextile in the first type of samples were 1,0…1,3 g per 75 cm2. The organic matter in the second layer of geotextile in the first type of samples and in the first layer of geotextile in the second type wasn’t exposed. Fine sands protected the drainage geotextile as a result of sealing of pore space of sands by organic matter.

The authors analyze the Hardening Soil Model possibilities for describing the soil behavior under the load, using numerical simulation of the stabilometric tests for varied density sand.According to the study, the assumption that dilatancy angle stays constant is correct only for the dense soil. On the other hand, for the loose or medium density soil this assumption is unacceptable. For the loose and medium density sands, the calculation error in volumetric strain analysis may exceed 50 %.In order to assess the adequacy of soil behavior description in the calculations using the model of "Hardening Soil" numerical simulations were performed using Plaxis triaxial testing of soil. In deviatoric loading the loose soil consolidants, the dilatancy development in the sand of average density has an alternating pattern, the dense sand deconsolodates. The values parameters of the model "Hardening Soil" were determined by the results of experimental data obtained in the AO «NIIES» in triaxial tests the «Liuberetskii» sand and on the recommendations of the program Plaxis. As the results of numerical studies, the soil model "Hardening Soil" describes quite well the development of volumetric strain with the full compressing the soil and the development of shear deformations in the deviatoric loading.In the case of deviatoric loading the relationship between the centerline and the volume deformation is essentially non-linear (Fig. 3a), in contrast to the theoretical assumption of constancy of the angle of dilatancy. In the dense sand at the approach to the limiting value the increment of volume strain (by absolute value) increases, and in the loose sand decreases.

In the process of developing wet cohesive soils (especially at cold temperatures) sticking and freezing of soil on the operating elements essentially reduces the machines performance. The performance decrease happens due to the reduction in the useful capacity of the scoops and due to incomplete unloading, the growth of frontal resistance at cutting (digging) as a result of wet ground sticking to a working part and also the resistance of the input into the scoop and increase of machine downtime due to the need to clean the operating elements. One of the most effective ways to reduce the adhesion of soils at the temperatures below zero is effecting with thermal and vibrothermal intensifiers.The article presents the analysis of shovels performance and soil frictional resistance inside the scoop. The proportionality coefficient or reduced friction coefficient takes into account the shift peculiarities when determining the soil friction force on metal surface, and its value includes deformation and adhesive components and depends on the same parameters as the shear resistance, namely, the time and the contact pressure, humidity and dispersity of soil, temperature in the shear plane, the surface state of the metal.Experimentally with the use of a special bench shift values the proportionality factor was determined depending on the temperature in the shear plane without affecting intensifiers, which reduce adhesion, and also at thermoacoustic and thermal impact. The results will allow calculating the frictional force on the metal surface of the operating element, taking into account adhesion and intensifiers effect. The obtained data will help to select the type of intensifier.

The article provides the information on a promising technology for trenchless repair named Swagelining, which supposes pulling into the old pipeline the new polymer with its preliminary thermo-mechanical compression and further straightening. The coauthors present the results of the calculations determining the thickness of the polyethylene pipes after compression and straightening in the old pipeline depending on the initial diameter in case of different ratio of the diameter to the wall thickness (SDR) and the dynamics of the changes in hydraulic performance after repair work on the pipeline using the method Swagelining. The concept of the energy saving potential is formed in addition to a no-dig repair for pressure piping systems, water supply, and its magnitude. On the basis of the research results, the authors formulate the principles of the energy efficiency potential after the implementation of the trenchless technology of drawing the old pipeline with new polymer pipes with their preliminary thermo-mechanical compression and subsequent area enlargement. The technology Swagelining is described and the authors develop a mathematical model that illustrates the behavior of the pipeline in the process of shrink operations. Such parameters are analyzed as changing the diameter of the pipeline at thermo-mechanical compression, the hydraulic parameters of the new (polymer) and old (steel) pipelines, energy savings on one-meter length of the pipeline. The calculated values of the electric power economy on the whole length of the pipeline repair section with a corresponding flow of transported waters.The characteristics and capabilities of the technology of trenchless renovation Swagelining allows achieving simultaneously the effect of resource saving (eliminationof the defects and, as a consequence, of water leakage) and energy saving (reduction in the water transportation cost).A numerical example of the old steel pipeline renovation shows the calculated data, which proves the efficiency of the considered technology. The calculation results can be used as base material for designers when selecting the final decision of the alternative at reconstruction of dilapidated pipelines by Swagelining using a wide range of polymer pipes with the corresponding value of the SDR.

To the present moment there are a lot of ways to define heat conductivity and thermal diffusivity of solid bodies. The schemes of determining heat conductivity, which use transient methods, usually include a heater and a cooler. The sample is placed in between them. The temperature and temperature differential is determined using several thermocouples.The authors present a method of determining the thermal characteristics of a sample in the form of a rectangular plate, allowing to apply only one thermocouple, which leads to a simple analytical expression for thermal diffusivity. The described method provides high-precision determination of thermal diffusivity of the body of small size and with the accuracy sufficient for practice — conductivity coefficient. The method uses a simple mathematical model and minimal hardware resources compared to other methods. The exception is the heat-insulating materials. The determination of their thermal conductivity using this method can lead to poor accuracy.

Today bituminous concrete is a conventional paving material. Among its advantages one can name dustlessness and noiselessness, fine wear (up to 1 mm a year) and fine maintainability. As the main disadvantages of this material one can name high slipperiness under humidification, low durability and weather resistance. Besides that, during placement of the bituminous concrete a lot of different air pollutants are emitted, which are harmful for environment and human’s health (they are listed in the paper according to the US Environmental Protection Agency materials). As an alternative, one can use cement-concrete pavement, which is in many ways more efficient than the bituminous concrete. It is proposed to enhance environmental performance of the cement-concrete pavement via usage of photocatalysis. The mechanism of different photocatalytic reactions is described in the paper, namely heterogeneous and homogeneous photocatalysis, photo-induces, photoactivated catalysis and catalytical photoreactions. It is pro-posed to use heterogeneous photocatalysis with titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst. The mechanism of photo oxidation of air contaminants, with the usage of titanium dioxide is2described. The paper sets problems, connected with the sensibilization of TiOto thevisible light (it is proposed to use titanium dioxide, doped with the atoms of certain elements to increase its sensibility to the visible light) and with the development of a new photocatalytic paving concrete, which will meet the requirements, specified for paving in the climatic and traffic conditions of the Russian Federation.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a significant environmental and sanitarian problem for urban areas. Different, often alternative, measures are considered in order to reduce the environmental impact of MSW management system, so adequate technique of comparative assessment of their environmental efficiency is needed. The problem is that waste composition, dangerous and organic matter content are often ignored when environmental impacts of MSW management system are calculated. Therefore, an algorithm of environmental impact estimation of municipal solid waste treatment based on their composition and properties is a question of considerable importance.The main difficulty in performing environmental impact calculation in compliance with MSW composition is the evaluation of the emissions per waste unit. Waste component content and biodegradable carbon content in every component are taken into account as basic waste features for emission estimation. Methane generation potential is calculated as a function of biodegradable carbon content.Environmental impacts of waste treatment on manual sorting plant in Yekaterinburg are given as an example. Waste composition analysis was carried out there in 2012. Material flow analysis allowed clarifying mass balance of the process. About 10 % of income waste mass are going out of the waste management system as a recyclables and determine the decreasing of environmental impacts. 1.24 % of biodegradable carbon don’t reach landfills, so it means that production of about ten cubic meters of biogas per ton of income MSW are prevented. When converting this data in money, it results in 47.1 rubles per ton of MSW or about 4.7 million rubles annually.

60 years ago, in July 1954 in the city of Obninsk near Moscow the world's first nuclear power plant was commissioned with a capacity of 5 MW. Today more than 430 nuclear units with a total capacity of almost 375000 MW are in operation in dozens of the countries worldwide. 72 electrical power units are currently under construction, 8 of them are located in the Russian Federation. There will be no alternative to nuclear energy in the coming decades. Among the factors contributing to the construction of nuclear power plants reckon limited fossil fuel supply, lack of air and primarily carbon dioxide emissions. The holding back factors are breakdown, hazard, radioactive wastes, high construction costs and long construction period. Nuclear accidents in the power plant of «Three-Mile-Island» in the USA, in Chernobyl and in Japan have resulted in termination of construction projects and closure of several nuclear power plants in the Western Europe. The safety systems have become more complex, material consumption and construction costs have significantly increased. The success of modern competing projects like EPR-1600, AP1000, ABWR, national ones AES-2006 and VVER-TOI, as well as several others, depends not only on structural and configuration but also on construction and technological solutions. The increase of the construction term by one year leads to growth of estimated total costs by 3—10 %. The main improvement potentials include external plate reinforcement, pre-fabricated large-block assembly, production and installation of the equipment packages and other. One of the crucial success factors is highly skilled civil engineers training.

The article presents the results of the first stage of the model research of the river downstream currents in the water transport hydroscheme and the analysis of their influence on the channel processes and navigation.The author presents a justification of the method of river flow research using the pressure aerodynamic model. The model is a geometrically similar part of a river with the hydroscheme of 1200 m length in nature. As a result of the research the velocity profiles were indentified in six sections along riverbed, the geometric dimensions of a whirlpool were discovered, the areas of the most intensive exposure of the river flow to the banks were identified, the navigable conditions were specified on the way to the lower head lock, the recommendations for the river banks protection from erosion have been given.

Irrotational flows produced by spatial linear flows of finite length with different uneven lows of discharge over the flow length are represented in cylindrical coordinate system. Flows with the length 2a are placed in infinite space filled with ideal (inviscid) fluid. In “А” variant discharge is fading linearly downward along the length of the flow. In “B” variant in upper half of the flow (length a) discharge is fading linearly downward, in lower half of the flow discharge is fading linearly from the middle point to lower end. In “C” variant discharge of the flow is growing linearly from upper and lower ends to middle point.Equations for discharge distribution along the length of the flow are provided for each variant. Equations consist of two terms and include two dimensional parameters and current coordinate that allows integrating on flow length. Analytical expressions are derived for speed potential functions and flow speed components for flow speeds produced by analyzed flows. These analytical expressions consist of dimensional parameters of discharge distribution patterns along the length of the flow. Flow lines equation (meridional sections of flow surfaces) for variants “A”, “B”, “C” is unsolvable in quadratures. Flow lines plotting is proposed to be made by finite difference method. Equations for flow line plotting are provided for each variant. Calculations of these equations show that the analyzed flows have the following flow lines: “A” has confocal hyperbolical curves, “B” and “C” have confocal hyperboles. Flow surfaces are confocal hyperboloids produced by rotation of these hyperboles about the axis passing through the flows. In “A” variant the space filled with fluid is separated by vividly horizontal flow surface in two parts. In upper part that includes the smaller part of the flow length flow lines are oriented downward, in lower part – upward. The equation defining coordinate of intersection of this flow surface and flow is also provided. In “B” and “C” variants horizontal flow surface passes through the center of the flow and its discharge is divided in this point in two equal parts. Equation of flow discharge dependence of discharge of fluid between the two flow surfaces is provided for each variant. These equations allow calculating fluid discharge between the two flow surfaces for known flow discharge and vise versa calculating flow discharge for known discharge between the two flow surfaces. The analyzed flows meet the conditions of flow potentiality and continuity.

Cultivation of sea objects is of great importance while solving the problems of providing the constantly growing requirements of the national economy with sea products. Cultivation of sea objects uses special hydrobiotechnical constructions. As the practice showed, cultivation of seafood is commercially impossible without solving the questions of calculating and designing such constructions. In special literature these questions are poorly covered or not considered at all. In the article the results of theoretical and pilot studies of waves influence on hydrobiotechnical constructions is provided, in particular on underwater fish-breeding cages.This article offers the theoretical solution to the problem of determining the efforts of the ropes holding the fish tank under wave influences. In order to solve this problem, the equations of hard drives movements were set up and the differential equations of free oscillations of buzz were obtained.When determining the horizontal movements, the four different configurations of connections and the system motion directions in general are possible in case of waveoscillations. Next step is the solution of the differential equations and determination of natural oscillation frequency in the direction of the vertical axis. Defining efforts in the ropes from their own weight (static calculation) is self-explanatory, it should be noted that accounting for the weighing influence of water on such structures does not have significant influence.Further the authors defined loading and efforts from the regular waves’ impacts.Modeling of the waves influence on submersible fish tank was carried by Fraud method. The studies were conducted with two models with large and small mesh. The signals of strain gauge sensors were registered by electronic measuring equipment.When comparing the theoretical and experimental data, satisfactory results have been obtained. It was determined that in order to improve the calculation methods it is appropriate to carry out an additional series of experiments for the refinement of the permeability coefficient, which is included in the calculation of the wave load.

This paper presents a study of the scour in front of the breakwater caused by oblique waves influence. The experiments were conducted to investigate this scour. The experimental results indicate that the maximum depth of scour hole is observed near the breakwater. The scour depth increases as a wave period and incident wave angleincrease. While comparing the present experimental results with the previous study, it is found out that the scour caused by oblique waves influence considerably differs from the scour caused by the influence of straight waves. Breakwater is an important component of a sea port. It is intended to protect the port water area from the impacts of waves, currents and sediments. The scour in front of the breakwater may occur as a result of waves and currents. It may cause the damage of a construction and stop the proper functioning of the port. Therefore the study of scour is an important task of hydraulic construction.When oblique waves approach the breakwater the system of three-dimensional waves are formed, which are called “short-crested waves”. These waves generate a current along the breakwater front. The current interacts with the ground and causes erosion of the bed. This mechanism differs from the mechanism of erosion in the case of frontal approach of waves when the standing waves are formed. Namely, erosion of the bed is the result of the wave velocity increase due to the reflection of waves at the structure. However, in engineering practice of hydraulic structures design, the influence of oblique waves is neglected and is taken into account only in case of the regular incoming of the waves.

On the basis of the applied research results in Astrakhan region the author revealed a regional profile of complex issues related to security, house building quality, the level of provision and the cost of housing and utility services. Three-quarters of Astrakhan inhabitants are the owners of the property that is the result of macro-economical shift in the Russian Federation during the last two decades — the transition from state ownership to private, which manifestation was the privatization of the housing stock. In Astrakhan region about one third of the population lives in dilapidated and outworn housing stock and about 60 % of them need an improvement of living conditions. In this case, most categories of citizens, who need an improvement of their living conditions, do not have financial possibility to do this neither with their own financial resources, nor participating in the programs of mortgage lending. Thus, housing is both expensive and unaffordable for most in need. Planned housing is in the first place in the hierarchy of Astrakhan citizens’ needs — the construction of private housing (39—42 %), which reflects the current understanding of the global trends of livability. Only 15—19 % of citizens plan to purchase a separate apartment, which reveals the requirements to the quality of constructing multi-storey buildings and to the quality of their service by housing and operating companies. Only about 7 % of respondents are satisfied with the activities of housing and managing companies in the field of housing in the region. About 40 % of respondents face violations of their rights in the construction and housing sector, only 11—15 % of the population could assert their rights, 8—13 % did not try to defend their violated rights, about 15 % could not defend their rights. Occasionally or frequently, every third or fourth respondent faced the facts of extortion, bribery and corruption in the spheres of construction and housing and communal services. It is shown that the dissatisfaction of Astrakhan citizens, both in terms of acquisition of property and in terms of its intended use, leads to destructive practices of emigration of the most active part of the working population of the region.

The existing system of housing and utility services functioning is carried out for providing the relevant living environment standards to the population by means of effective functioning of the system of uninterrupted providing housing and utility services according to existing requirements of the Russian standards. Today there is a number of problems, which doesn't allow housing and utility services to function effectively. The main of them is providing high-quality housing and utility services to the population and system of their objective cost assessment. This problem is solved by means of reforming the housing and utility sphere with the possibility of attracting financial resources from private investors. Housing and Utility of the Russian Federation, the basis of which is the housing stock, has a very high specific weight in fixed assets of all the economy.Thus, Housing and Utility is a typical difficult organizational and economic system possessing characteristic features of openness, nonlinearity and dissipativity. In this re-gard, the reasonable approach to Housing and Utility development assumes the need to account for the principles of systemacity, focus and complexity, and also can be based on the existing in the theory and practice of management methodology by difficult organizational and economic systems.Now Housing and Utility development and financing investment programs of the municipal complex organizations is carried out according to the relevant Federal law, according to which the establishment system of limit indexes of change of tariffs and investment extra charges to tariffs for services of the organizations of a municipal complex. Also, innovative ways of energy efficiency increase and decrease in wear of funds is an attempt of the state to develop effective mechanisms of attracting private funds from investors.

At present time a lot of multi-functional centers are being built. Their safe operation depends on the quality of the dispatch service. In the article were considered various organization scheme the dispatch service as a queuing system. All the service facilities in the first variant are united. That facilitates reliability management, but increases the time of works execution. There is the general dispatching center in the second version, but the performers of the work are distributed by zones of a multifunctional complex. In such organization of a dispatching service the dispatcher must have a very high qualification. In the third version there are independent dispatching centers and the performers for each zone of a multifunctional complex. Independent service facilities increase the reliability because of complete redundancy. But thus the operating costs considerably increase. Engineering equipment damage was analyzed depending on functional purpose. The authors present the mathematical model of efficiency complex index of the dispatch service. The influence of the nature of damage was established as random factors of the time and cost needed for the damage elimination. It is possible to calculate the efficiency indicator of dispatching service by solving a two-criteria task in the conditions of uncertainty and risk. The first criterion is the execution time of the call. It depends on the type of damage and efficiency of dispatching service employees. The second criterion is the costs of the organization of dispatching service work. The main objective is the determination of ponderability of each criterion. Their importance can be set by the expert assessments method of the poll results of the consumers and also by opinions of service professionals. Further researches will include the assessment of organization expediency of one or several dispatch centers taking into account all the costs on the work organization.

This article discusses the background and aspects of model management of investment and construction activities (ICA) in order to optimize its processes. This system is designed for efficient management and balanced increase of work amount in the construction, reconstruction and renovation of facilities.The model is based on a systematic approach and the principles of integrated planned development, taking into account the requirements of saving energy and resources, environment, organizational and technical reliability and socio-political stability. Due to the nature of construction operations, as well as the connections with the parameters of sustainable development of the ICA, techno-economic system is characterized as a set of three main functional groups of subsystems: analysis and synthesis, main and auxiliary executive subsystems, resulting subsystems. The interaction of the elements of ICA is investigated: streams of resources and information arising in the course of implementation of projects. Within the article the schemes of functional elements of the ICA system with the description of their interrelations are presented. The systems engineering model of the ICA sustainable development is offered.

In modern market conditions the purpose of the financial mechanism formation of housing and utility services has to consist in ensuring efficient functioning of rendering services of this complex. While creating the financial mechanism of housing and utility services development, only such criteria are considered as purpose and operating principles of organizations. Thus, the main goal of this research is to establish the transparent mechanism of reflection of the price policy in housing services industry, and also the payment size control at the contents and repair of objects of housing and utility services. The financial mechanism formation has to be carried out within the principles of the finance management. Also, considering various points of view of the scientists on the quantity and essence of the principles, the authors discuss such of them, which are most specific to the sphere of housing and utility services.Many economists put as a basis of housing and utility services financial mechanism such purpose as creating favorable conditions for social development, which means compliance with the interests and requirements of the population.

The article presents the point rating system for the students-athletes of the Department of Sport Development in Wrestling, which used various indicators of the wrestlers all-around training. The training is divided into a number of modules: speed qualities and endurance; speed-strength quality and flexibility; technical training; functional training; agility and coordination; theoretical training; personal characteristics, moral, strongwilled preparation and self-preparation.Each module corresponds to a certain number of points: from 0 to 20,from 0 to 15,from 0 to 10,from 0 to 5.Using the proposed point rating system evaluation for the students-athletes in wrestling, the training level of the athletes in each of the modules is determined. The range of point values, corresponding to the maximum form are 90—100 points ("excellent").Evaluation of the "good" range is 70—89 points, "satisfactory" — 50—69 points, disappointing — from 0 to 49 points.The authors offer the comparative analysis of the dynamics of high-speed performance and endurance, speed-strength qualities, functional training, agility and coordination, theoretical training and personal qualities of the academic team in wrestling during the summer and training camp of 2013.The objective information, obtained from the routine tests of physical, psychological and functional status of an athlete, the major indicators of his physical fitness, gives the opportunity to effectively manage the training process improvement of the athletes, ensures the steady increase of sportsmanship.The research results of the functional training and the physical qualities of studentsathletes during the preparatory stage of the training help to make the necessary adjustments in time and to bring the wrestlers to the top form till the main student competition.