A complex of problems is not solved in technical regulation of construction. This includes the list of regulatory documents of compulsory application is not revised yet. The issue of developing high-quality regulative documents for the construction field is of great importance, because their fulfillment guarantees the safety of the population. The project of this list consists of 76 documents; that’s 15 less, than in the existing list. The reasons for reducing the number of documents are doubtful. In the list project there are no standards for building materials. All the documents concerning the rules of work execution are also out of this list, though the documents affecting the building safety should be included it the compulsory list. It is offered not to make a list of documents. It is enough to enumerate all the reference documents in project documentation, which is subject to inspection by the building supervision agencies as compulsory. There will be no need for the additional list of documents for optional application.

Angola is a country with great economic potential, which can contribute to the solution of construction, architecture and social problems of the country in case of rational use of financial resources. The author focuses on the negative factors that prevent the health authorities from the efficient construction of large hospitals and clinical facilities in Angola. Brief description of the Angolan population is given. The article provides a brief overview of the climate and overall social health problems. Basing on the stated goals, the following problems are considered: Features of architectural and planning decisions of clinical facilities and a brief description of the existing hospitals. The article deals with those minor progressive changes in planning decisions and in the siting of health facilities. Space-planning decisions, the most rational options and requirements for building new hospitals in Angola. The author indentified the main factors that influence architectural solutions for the design and construction of medical facilities. The most rational design options for clinic hospitals were determined. The objectives of the study were formulated with a view to identifying architectural solutions in the construction of new clinical hospitals. The main objective of the study is to improve health care in Angola. The problems are considered in order to identify rational architectural design of new clinical hospitals.

This article shows the interdependences of territorial distribution of temples and their architectural-spatial and compositional features in St. Petersburg and the counties. The author revealed two different approaches to temple arrangement depending on the type of environment - in urban areas and rural areas. The construction of a temple in St. Petersburg was strictly regulated: its space-planning solution, accommodation, the place assigned for parish church, etc. The article draws attention to the particular choice of solutions, removal of land for construction, and certain architectural features of the temples. The author generally distinguishes four types of space-planning decisions of religious buildings: hall multiplex (The Basilica) in the form of a Latin cross, centric (cross dome as the most common types of churches), combined. In turn, these types of temples were correlated with various types of accommodation identified by the author. Spatial distribution of temples include: a) the location of temples in the natural landscape system and b) with respect to the location of the man-made temples' environment (historical and cultural), in correlation with the buildings and / or communications (land and water communications), c) the formation of a spatially-visual network (system) of the city and surrounding area. For a better understanding of the revealed dependences chronological phase analysis was used, since the time prior to Saint Petersburg construction and till 1850. The periodization of temple architecture development during 1703-1850 was identified. The period before Saint Petersburg was also considered, though less detailed. The stages are minimal chronological segments, within which settlement system was unified by spatial and social characteristics, as well as uniform rules of specific territorial, economic and social development. As chronological boundaries, specific dates of the events were identified, which determined the transition to new stages. This approach allowed to gradually track changes in the methods of selecting and placing three-dimensional solution of various temples. The studies revealed that the temple was a member of the system, which includes urban development, individual settlements and their groups, the natural landscape. They were all interrelated, representing the idea of continuity, harmony with each other and the environment (natural and manmade). Such an organic fusion of church and surroundings have a mutual influence: the temple on the environment and the environment on the object.

The currency of the topic covered in the article is not only the necessity of national cultural traditions revival, but also the possibility of applying the restored historical objects in modern life as multifunctional cultural and touristic complexes. At present, this is one of the most prospective tendencies in tourism, entertainment industry and educational programmes. The revival of historical estates and cultural traditions is nowadays insufficiently used but inexhaustible source for economical and cultural development of Russian regions. Attracting investments allow preserving ancient buildings in future. The Demidovs’ estate “Sergievskaya dacha” in Almazovo (belonged to the Demidovs, the Ural owners of mines and metallurgical works) is an object of historic and cultural interest of Federal significance and it is of great scientific, educational and architectural value. To date the published information about the estate is laconic and sometimes contradictive. The results of historic and architectural researches based upon detailed study of literary materials and especially archives are offered in the article. All building stages of the estate are considered. Unique unpublished drafts of demolished and not erected (because of a disease of the owner) buildings and elements of landscape architecture, which form an entity of the whole complex, have been discovered by the author. The scientific importance of researches carried out by the author consists of the possibility (to the great degree of trustworthiness) to reconstruct the building history of the whole estate complex. The volume of the obtained information allows to speak of the possibility of the estate restoration and to work out the project for its new contemporary usage as a museum of the noble family way of life. This will encourage the development of tourism in the region and draw the attraction of investments in order to preserve the estate.

In view of providing durability of constructions, the urgent problem is studying dynamic processes in loaded rod structures occurring in the process of sudden local defects formation, such as breakage of support bonds, partial destruction, transverse and longitudinal cracks etc., which are united under general term "beyond design impacts". To date, a number of problems related to this topic are solved: the problem of dynamic loadings at sudden formation of transverse cracks, the problem of partial tie breaks in the bearings, partial destruction and longitudinal lamination of compound bars. In the paper the authors propose a method of determining the spectrum of natural frequencies of flexural vibrations of a rod system with this type of injury. The results are to be used for modal analysis of forced vibrations of a beam with a defect of longitudinal lamination, depending on its level.

Arch structures of long span buildings’ coverings are more beneficial in respect to material expenses, than beam and frame systems. Constructive schemes of roof frameworks of arch coverings are diverse, which means their operation under loading differs much. The authors offer a number of construction solutions for flat arch coverings of long span buildings. The comparative analysis of these construction solutions is presented. The operation of radial link arch is observed. The arch consists of discontinuous top chord and radial bowstring under the single load (uniformly distributed and concentrated in nods) with different spans and rises. The problem of radial link arch optimization is solved in dependence with arising forces and rise. The optimal camber of arch was found. In further works the authors plan to analyze spans more than 36 meters and solve the problem in case of asymmetrical loadings.

Multilayer exterior walls are wide-spread in modern civil construction. One type of such structures is a three-layer wall with insulation layer made of lightweight concrete and exterior layers made of structural concrete. It is necessary to provide durable monolithic connection of concrete layers in the process of manufacturing this structure in order to decrease the percentage of web reinforcement and increase thermal engineering homogeneity of multilayer exterior walls. Experimental research of three-layer samples with external layers made of claydite-concrete and internal layer made of polystyrene concrete were conducted in order to establish the strength of layer connections in the multilayer exterior wall. Different temporal parameters and concrete strength were assigned during manufacturing of the samples. The samples were tested under axial tension and shear in the layer contact zone. The nature of tensile rupture and shearing failure was checked after the tests. The relations between manufacturing parameters, strength of the concrete used in samples and layer connection strength were established as a result of experimental research. The climatic tests of three-layer exterior wall model made of claydite-concrete and polystyrene concrete were conducted in order to establish the reduction of the layers contact zone strength during the maintenance. The wall model was made of concrete samples of varying strength. The experimental model was exposed to 35 cycles of alternate freezing and thawing in climatic chamber. During freezing and thawing, the strength tests of external and internal layers contact zone by tearing the cylindrical samples were conducted. Consequently, the nature of contact zone strength reduction for the samples with different concrete strength of external and internal layers was established. As a result of the conducted research, the optimal temporal parameters of manufacturing and optimal concrete strength were established. It is recommended to use these parameters in the process of manufacturing multilayer concrete exterior walls in order to provide durability of the concrete layers monolithic connection during maintenance of the structure.

The buildings made of monolithic reinforced concrete currently enjoy great popularity. Along with a great number of advantages of monolithic building, which are repeatedly listed in the works of many authors, there are many unexplored issues which require detailed consideration. The technological concrete joints are among them. The joints are inevitable in the process of construction of almost any monolithic building and their quality affects the reliability of buildings and structures. Despite regular use of the concept of cold joint and clear instructions in building standards on the technology of joint production, most organizations do not follow the correct technology of concreting the elements. As a result, the strength and stiffness characteristics of the construction deteriorate, because the linkage value of new concrete with the old one is significantly lower than in monolith. In order to conduct experimental studies the reinforced concrete beams of rectangular section were produced. As a result of testing, it was determined that the presence of a concrete joint significantly reduces the stiffness and carrying capacity of the structures. It is confirmed by the fact that the received deflections of solid beams without joint are significantly lower than the deflections of beams with cold joint. It also noted that the deflections of the beams manufactured following the normative technology are lower, than the deflections of the beams, manufactured with violation of the rules. Basing on the obtained results, it was concluded, that more detailed study of the work of a construction with cold joints in concrete is required. The reason for it is in the changing for the worse of the strength and stiffness characteristics of structural element, which is made produced with a joint, while in the process of real designing, the monolith buildings are calculated as solid monolithic, without joints.

The steel thin-walled structures are widespread in civil and industrial engineering nowadays. Self-drilling screws or rivets are used to interconnect thin-walled elements. Blind rivets and nuts as connectors are considered in the frames of this paper. Rivets have some benefits over self-drilling screws. They are: we can obtain more dense connection when using rivets. So we can increase bearing capacity of connection; a lower cost of riveted connection; a large variety of installation tools for riveted connection: manual, pneumatic, battery; side; an easy installation: access to the connected element is required only from one. These benefits provide increasingly growling popularity to rivets. In the paper 4 types of rivets are considered: combined (aluminum/steel) blind rivets, zinc-coated steel blind rivets, stainless steel blind rivets and blind nuts. The features of each type of rivets are described in the paper. The influence on the behaviour of connections is revealed. The results of experimental research performed by the authors are presented in the paper. A bearing capacity shear of riveted connections is studied in the experiment. There are 3 types of riveted connections subjected to experiment: connection made by blind combined rivets; connection made by zinc-coated steel blind rivets; connection made by blind nuts. A connection between elements with significantly different thicknesses is modeled in the experiment. In reality this situation takes place, for example, in the roofing of buildings, where trapezoidal sheet can be fastened to purlin by rivets. As a result of the experiment the authors found out that the local deformations occuring under rivet head in the thick element significantly affect the behaviour and bearing capacity of the connection. That’s why the results of connection's bearing capacity obtained in tests were lower than the bearing capacity of rivet declared by manufacturers.

Thin-walled rods are widely used in construction and other industries. In the design of bridges, crane beams, gas-producing constructions there are cases when flange width is greater than the height profile of its wall. The currently used V.Z. Vlasov’s beam approximation in the process of determining the dynamic characteristics, is based on a set of assumptions, which do not allow to take into account the plate properties of thin-walled rods. In this paper the torsional vibrations of thin-walled beams modeled by a system of related plates with different geometrical characteristics are studied using finite element method. Also the case of an asymmetrical I-beam is studied. It was revealed that the transition from the uniaxial system to spatial structure with appropriate geometric parameters of the rod significantly thickens the frequency spectrum and can lead to more complex (mixed) modes of vibration. The author identified the cases when neglect of inertial forces in the wall and flanges and the assumption of non-deformability in the plane of the profile cross-section can lead to errors in determining the frequencies and modes of torsional vibrations. The application limits of the Vlasov’s theory are investigated and practical recommendations are given.

In the article the survey results of durability and crack resistance investigation of masonry are presented. The aim of the investigations is improving calculation methods of masonry and reinforced masonry. The relevancy of the problem is determined by the necessity of new efficient materials implementation. In accordance with scientific search methodology complex investigations were carried out, which includes gathering, analyzing and revising the existing data on the topic together with determining essential factors and their value rate. Within the framework of the investigations the features of masonry have been studied. The developed calculation method on the basis of the theory of resistance of anisotropic materials at the compression, which reflects the stress-strain state features and nature of destruction, allows to carry out an assessment of durability and crack resistance of the compressed members and structures made of masonry. The research results can be used at revising or updating the existing normative documents.

The proposed calculation method is specific in terms of determining the carrying capacity of eccentrically compressed concrete elements, in contrast to the calculation by error method, as in the existing regulations, where in the result of the calculation is not known what is the limit load the eccentric compression element can withstand. The proposed calculation method, the publication of which is expected in the next issue of the "Vestnik MGSU" the above mentioned shortcomings of the existing calculation methods, as well as the shortcomings listed in this article are eliminated, which results in the higher convergence of theoretical and experimental results of eccentrically compressed concrete elements strength and hence a high reliability of their operation.

The present article deals with integrated research works and tests of pipeline supports for the areas of above-ground routing of the pipeline system “Zapolyarye - Pur-pe” which is laid in the eternally frozen grounds. In order to ensure the above-ground routing method for the oil pipeline “Zapolyarye - Pur-pe” and in view of the lack of construction experience in case of above-ground routing of oil pipelines, the leading research institute of JSC “Transneft” - LLC “NII TNN” over the period of August, 2011 - September, 2012 performed a research and development work on the subject “Development and production of pipeline supports and pile foundation test specimens for the areas of above-ground routing of the pipeline system “Zapolyarye - Pur-pe”. In the course of the works, the test specimens of fixed support, linear-sliding and free-sliding pipeline supports DN1000 and DN800 were produced and examined. For ensuring the stable structural reliability of the supports constructions and operational integrity of the pipelines the complex research works and tests were performed: 1. Cyclic tests of structural elements of the fixed support on the test bed of JSC “Diascan” by means of internal pressure and bending moment with the application of specially prepared equipment for defining the pipeline supports strength and durability. 2. Tests of the fixed support under the influence of limit operating loads and by means of internal pressure for confirming the support’s integrity. On the test bed there were simulated all the maximum loads on the support (vertical, longitudinal, side loadings, bending moment including subsidence of the neighboring sliding support) and, simultaneously, internal pressure of the carried medium. 3. Cyclic tests of endurance and stability of the displacements of sliding supports under the influence of limit operating loads for confirming their operation capacity. Relocation of the pipeline on the sliding supports from temperature expansion in case of preheated oil charge into a “cold” pipeline was simulated. 4. Cyclic tests of durability of frictional couples under the influence of operational and maximum loads. On the test bed there were examined various materials for the sliding surface of the supports, ensuring the norm friction coefficient.

The arithmetic model of reinforced concrete slab distortion with a polymer-concrete layer exposed to aggressive influences is introduced. The relevance of this object choice as a matter of actual practice. The least contradictory model for specification of the strain-stress state of reinforced concrete constructions is sampled. The most efficient way of solving such tasks is the finite elements method, which lacks the drawbacks of the finite differences method. In this article, the arithmetic model of hybrid finite element qualification for the armored reinforced concrete slabs design is considered. The problem of reinforced concrete slab with a polymer-concrete layer bending is dealt with in the presence of dynamic deformation and simple loading, which gives the opportunity to introduce concrete as a nonlinear material with its elastic-plastic properties, which stay within the strain potential limits. The deformation of creep is not taken into account. The incremental equations connecting stress and deformation increments are provided.

On an example of a complex engineering structure with aerodynamically unfavorable constructive form, equipped with mechanisms dampers, the results of long-term observations of the oscillation frequency under the influence of wind loads were reviewed. The experimental dependence of the first tone oscillation frequency on time for this structure is shown. The hypothesis on the causes of frequency oscillations change in engineering structures in time is proposed. The experimental data confirms this hypothesis. The results of a comparison of the experimental data for long-term observations with the oscillation frequency in accordance with the safety criteria of GOST 31937-2011 “Buildings and Constructions. Rules of inspection and monitoring of the technical condition” are shown. It has been shown that the results of comparison indicate technical safety of the whole object. It is offered to use dynamic monitoring systems for technically complex heavy-duty engineering structures for early detection of the transition beginning of the control object to the limited functional or emergency condition.

The article describes various methods for solving problems of nonstationary heat transfer. Nonstationary heat transfer is characterized by the fact that the temperature changes not only from point to point, but also in time. The process of cooling metal blanks must be considered a transient thermal conductivity. When solving the problem of cooling metal blanks we need to find the temperature change in the section. The authors show the complexity of the tasks of nonstationary heat transfer. If we consider the process of cooling metal billets as a complex process, in which the addition of nonstationary heat transfer is presented as a process of heat transfer by radiation, great probability of errors in calculations occurs. There is the feasibility of the use of experimental researches of cooling processes for metal blanks after continuous casting, in order to determine the error in the calculated values.

Based on the comprehensive research and industrial development there is a new method developed for accelerating the hardening of foamed products using thermal heating of products by soft modes, which allows to receive high quality material and organize energy-efficient and environmentally friendly production of foam concrete products.

At present time the operation life of the majority of roads is essentially shorter than required. The reason for it is the increase in traffic intensity and axle loads of automobile transport. The obvious reasons for early wear of roads are the low quality of the components used and low industrial standards while producing asphalt pavement. In this paper the mineral material was selected as a carrier of nanoscale additives for asphalt. The optimal modes for grinding mineral materials were identified, which provide correspondence of their structure parameters with the developed model. The influence of different mineral nanomodifier carriers on the structure formation processes was estimated. It is shown that among a number of mineral materials diatomite has high activity in relation to the bitumen, because it has a highly porous structure. It is also shown that as a result of lighter fractions of bitumen adsorption on the border of phase interface, diatomite and bitumen changes from the free state to the film, and solvate shell of bitumen is saturated with asphaltenes. With the help of IR spectroscopy the authors defined the nature of the diatomite and bitumen interaction and proved that in the process of their interaction there occurs physical adsorption with additional absorption of bitumen components into the pore space of diatomite grains.

Deformation parameters of concrete are adequately studied under static uploading of samples until fracture. Methods of their determination during unloading (primarily due to the lack of experimental data) is not presented in the regulatory and scientific literature. That hinders the development of calculating methods of loadings for reinforced concrete structures, which vary according to certain cyclical regularities. The basis for computational models development for unloading are the results of the studies with short-term tests of concrete samples, where the sample is loaded to a predetermined level of compressive stresses, and then it is unloaded. The purpose of the research is to establish an analytical connection between stress and deformation parameters of concrete on axial loading and unloading branches with compressive stresses. The subject of the study is: axial and transverse deformation coefficient of transverse deformation volume deformations. The treated cycles have different values of maximum stress, including close to the limit values, taking into account the dilation of concrete. Permanent deformations during unloading are determined in increments of stress and strain by radial method. A connection is established between the initial elastic modulus of concrete and the modulus of deformation during unloading. On the basis of experimental data the analytical determination of the quantities depending on the residual strains for partial or complete unloading was offered. It was found out that in case of increasing stress level at the beginning of unloading the share of transverse strain increases and in case of full unloading, volume deformations increase. In case of unloading from the stress level, when dilatation property is manifested, they change the sign to the opposite, which is, become positive. The authors show a comparison of calculation results of the proposed method with experimental data obtained.

The most effective way to reduce the structure mass, labor input and expenses for its construction is to use modern high-performance concrete of the classes С50/60… С90/105, which possess high physical and mathematic characteristics. One of the constraints for their implementation in mass construction in Ukraine is that in design standards there are no experimental data on the physical and mathematic properties of concrete of the classes more than С50/60. Also there are no exact statements on calculating reinforced concrete structures made of high-performance concretes.The authors present the results of experimental research of the scale effect and short-term and long-term heating up to +200 ° C influence on temperature and shrinkage strain, on strength and strain characteristics under compression and tensioning of high-strength modified concrete of class C70/85. The application of high performance concretes is challenging in the process of constructing buildings aimed at operating in high technological temperatures: smoke pipes, coolers, basins, nuclear power plants' protective shells, etc. Reducing cross-sections can lead to reducing temperature drops and thermal stresses in the structures.

Fiber reinforced concretes possess high strength under dynamic loadings, which include impact loads, thanks to their high structural viscosity. This is the reason for using them in difficult operating conditions, where increasing the performance characteristics and the structure durability is of prime importance, and the issues of the cost become less significant. Applying methods of disperse reinforcement is most challenging in case of subtle high-porous materials on mineral binders, for example foamed concrete. At the same time, the experiments conducted in Russia and abroad show, that also in other cases the concrete strength resistance several times increases as a result of disperse reinforcement. This doesn't depend on average density of the concrete and type of fiber used. In the article the fibre reinforced concrete impact resistance is analysed. Recommendations are given in regard to fibre concrete application in manufacture of monolithic floor units for industrial buildings and precast piles.

It has been known that acid-resistant concretes on the liquid glass basis have high porosity (up to 18~20 %), low strength and insufficient water resistance. Significant increasing of silicate matrix strength and density was carried out by incorporation of special liquid organic alkali-soluble silicate additives, which block superficial pores and reduce concrete shrinkage deformation. It was demonstrated that introduction of tetrafurfuryloxisilane additive sharply increases strength, durability and shock resistance of silicate polymer concrete in aggressive media. The experiments showed, that the strength and density of silicate polymer concrete increase in case of decreasing liquid glass content. The authors obtained optimal content of silicate polymer concrete, which possesses increased strength, durability, density and crack-resistance. Diffusive permeability of concrete and its chemical resistance has been investigated in various corroding media.

In the article the working principles of wastewater biological treatment for food companies is reviewed, including dairies and breweries, the waters of which are highly concentrated with dissolved organic contaminants and suspended solids. An example of successful implementation is anaerobic-aerobic treatment plants. Implementation of these treatment plants can achieve the required wastewater treatment at the lowest operational expenses and low volumes of secondary waste generated. Waste water from the food companies have high concentration of various organic contaminants (fats, proteins, starch, sugar, etc.). For such wastewater, high rates of suspended solids, grease and other contaminants are characteristic. Wastewater food industry requires effective purification flowsheets using biological treatment facilities. At the moment methods for the anaerobic-aerobic purification are applied. One of such methods is the treatment of wastewater at ASB-reactor (methane reactor) and the further tertiary treatment on the OSB-reactor (aeration). Anaerobic process means water treatment processes in anoxic conditions. The anaerobic treatment of organic contamination is based on the process of methane fermentation - the process of converting substances to biogas. The role of biological effluent treatment is discussed with special attention given to combined anaerobic/aerobic treatment. Combining anaerobic pre-treatment with aerobic post-treatment integrates the advantages of both processes, amongst which there are reduced energy consumption (net energy production), reduced biological sludge production and limited space requirements. This combination allows for significant savings for operational costs as compared to complete aerobic treatment without compromising the required discharge standards. Anaerobic treatment is a proven and energy efficient method to treat industrial wastewater effluents. These days, more and more emphasis is laid on low energy use, a small reactor surface area, low chemical usage and reduced sludge handling costs. When stringent discharge limits have to be met, in many cases anaerobic treatment is followed by aerobic post treatment. During aerobic polishing, final traces of organic pollution (COD/BOD) and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous can effectively be removed. Besides the decrease in the biosolids quantity, the quality of the aerobic sludge is often improved. With anaerobic pre-treatment biodegradable carbohydrates are less easily present in the aerobic reactor inlet. As a result, the number of filamentous bacteria causing bulking sludge in activated sludge plants, is significantly reduced. This results in an improved settleability of the aerobic sludge and consequently a more stable and secure operation of the activated sludge plant. Finally, due to the higher mineralization grade dewaterability of aerobic sludge from activated sludge plants after anaerobic pre-treatment it is often better than without anaerobic pre-treatment.

In large cities, fuel consumption is growing rapidly, and therefore the number of filling stations. And they are a source of anthropogenic impact on the environment and represent current scientific and practical task, because recently no research was conducted into the optimization of monitoring systems in the construction of gas station storage tanks, and no activity on replacing the obsolete design with new storage tanks. In this regard, much attention should be paid to the creation of geo-environmental systems integrated assessment of the environment, as well as modeling and forecasting various negative situations. In the modern world, the creation of such systems is possible with the help of modern computer tools such as geographic information systems.

This paper considers a possibility of booms application at spillway dams in order to reduce gates size and capacity of weight lifting device without changing weir discharge capacity. The prospects of booms application at weir top were proved during hydraulic researches conducted at JSC “NIIES” (Joint Stock Company “Scientific Research Institute of Energy Structures”). Basing on the conducted researches the recommendations of booms application at spillway facilities of Yumaguzinskaya and Upper Krasnogorskaya hydropower schemes, as well as at spillway facilities of Sayano-Shushenskaya and Plyavinskaya hydropower plants have been worked out. The main factor limiting wide application of booms at weirs is lack of feasible data for designing. At first, this data has to conclude methods of defining spillway discharge capacity and elevation of boom installation, which allows to keep the same spillway discharge capacity at rated head. The equations to define optimal elevation of boom installation and weir discharge capacity without its submergence have been analytically obtained for nappe-crested weir with installed boom. At the present time it is needed to conduct methodical experimental studies to define the discharge ratio and vertical compression according to different types of booms.

Technological features of cultural reproduction of seafood presuppose the use of hydrobiotechnical constructions. Calculations of the loadings and impacts on sea hydrobiotechnical constructions demand a reasonable choice of a hydromechanical theory of wave movement. In the article the theories of two-dimensional regular linear and nonlinear waves are considered: the theory of small amplitude waves; Stokes' wave theory (the second order of approximation); the theory of final height waves of the first, second and third order of approximation. The dependences for determining speeds and accelerations of liquid particles are given. The comparison results of various theories of regular waves and fields of their application are stated. The authors offer the expressions for engineering calculations of kinematic characteristics of regular waves at a final depth. In recent years, cage culture fishery has received the predominant development in marine aquaculture, because its creation do not require large investments. Calculation of loads and impacts of waves on the shore hydraulic structures under extreme conditions require justified choice of hydro-mechanical theory of wave motions. This article gives a comparison of the various theories of regular waves, both linear and nonlinear and evaluates the applicability of them from the point of view of engineering use and actual conditions. However, the theory of small amplitude waves is widespread both in theoretical studies and engineering application, due to its sufficient simplicity and the fact that the linearity of the theory of small amplitude waves allows using the method of summing elementary solutions in the process of finding potential wave motion. The choice of one or another wave theory in marine facilities calculations of regular waves impact depends on the type of design, ease of using wave theory in calculations, type of the considered impact, applicability of the different wave theories in order to correctly describe the characteristics of wave motion in different wave zones.

Today, one of the major tasks facing Russia is modernization of the national economy. The construction complex is one of the most important sectors of the national economy and it also needs innovative and technological rearmament. Transition of the construction complex to an innovative way of development is a difficult process. In the article the features of innovative development of a construction complex in Russia are considered. Innovative activity assumes the existence of certain types of resources, which in total are required for the solution of specific production objectives and reflect readiness of the construction organizations, the enterprises of building industry, design, research and other organizations within a construction complex, to their decision. The set of these resources represents the innovative potential of a construction complex. Innovative potential of a construction complex is presented by a set of components: fixed assets, construction materials, architectural and planning decisions, construction technologies, manpower, investment resources, organizational and economic mechanisms, administrative technologies. In the process of scientific research we carried out an assessment of innovative potential of a construction complex concerning the offered components. According to the results the problems of innovative development of a construction complex are revealed and the factors stimulating its transition to new technological mode are proved.

Construction as a branch of material production is characterized by complication of the tasks being solved. At the present moment the construction branch endures the stage of activity, in which there is a necessity of changing the organizational forms and methods of construction process management. One of the key methods construction management is the construction cluster. Cluster means a group of interrelated companies and brunches, concentrated on one territory and benefiting from being closely situated and close cooperation. Construction cluster as a model of presenting operational structure has differential specific features, determined by the fact that it possess wider functional and purpose-oriented decomposing. The authors offer the mathematical description of the system model of management, which proves the efficiency of cluster model in construction management. Calculations and formulas of using manpower and material resources and necessary investments are also presented as part of cluster model of management implementation.

The lack of ground and constantly growing price for energy sources are the reason for using alternative energy. The rules of the world community for environmental protection is the motivation for using renewable energy sources. It is necessary to automate the processes of the design technology for the alternative energy structures and their operation, as well as data gathering and analisys on all the existing objects. There is also the need to automise these objects' management. The topic of this article is connected to the analysis of terrain for designing windpower stations. The regional wind maps are valuable tools for the wind farm developer for searching site, but they are not accurate enough to justify the financing of the development. For the majority of prospective wind farms, the developer must undertake a wind resource measurement and use analyzing program. This should provide a robust prediction of the expected energy production over its lifetime. The authors note that a prediction of the energy production of a wind farm is possible using such methods as the wind atlas methodology within WAsP and show the main instruments.