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Koretskiy Vladimir Evgen’evich -
MosvodokanalNIIproject Institute (MosvodokanalNIIproject)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Deputy General Director; +7 (499) 263-01-39, MosvodokanalNIIproject Institute (MosvodokanalNIIproject), 22 Pleteshkovskiy Pereulok, Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation;
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Mal’tseva Svetlana Sergeevna -
MosvodokanalNIIproject Institute (MosvodokanalNIIproject)
Group Leader, Department for Waste Management Facilities Design; +7 (499) 261-77-62, MosvodokanalNIIproject Institute (MosvodokanalNIIproject), 22 Pleteshkovskiy Pereulok, Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation;
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Solid household waste management plans are developed to provide for the vital needs of local residents, to take care of the environment, and to save natural resources. A waste management plan designated for an extensive territory is a project comprising the following elements: the sequence of actions, the scope of waste collection and treatment actions; systems and methods of household waste collection, decontamination and processing; the number of collectors, collection procedure, and items of treatment machinery; the expediency of design, construction, reconstruction or expansion of waste management facilities, their basic specifications and location, as well as the capital investments to be made into construction, purchase and installation of waste management facilities.A waste management plan may be designated for a separate inhabited locality and the whole region. Despite the above, regional plans are preferable. The regional waste management plan analyzed in this article is designated for the territory of the Republic of Dagestan. It was developed by the specialists of MosvodokanalNIIproject in furtherance of the decree issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Republic of Dagestan.The top-priority objectives underlying the plan development included reduction of the overall amount of waste, its toxicity (and other harmful properties), increase in the share of waste recyclable into secondary raw materials, and phasedown of land-filling.Identification of tentative locations of waste processing facilities requires preliminary land use planning, so that several municipal units or a group of settlements were serviced by a certain waste processing facility with account for the local terrain and climate, as well as reasonable waste transfer routes.Waste handling scenarios embrace various advanced technologies and their combinations, as they consider the projected increase in the municipal waste production rate for the term of up to ten years. Selection of the optimum option is to be based on the principle that any waste handling system is to comply with local standards of living and potential fundraising efforts.Any waste management plan designated for a region shall not exceed a term of five years, while projections may embrace up to 10 – 20 years. Any waste management plan developed for a territory may only be implemented in case of a well-coordinated cooperation between waste handling enterprises, local authorities and the local population.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.3.163-173
References
- MDK 7-01.2003. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii o poryadke razrabotki general’nykh skhem ochistki territoriy naselennykh punktov Rossiyskoy Federatsii [MDK 7-01.2003. Methodological Recommendations for the Procedure of Development of Master Plans for Waste Management in the Territories of Populated Areas in the Russian Federation]. Moscow, 2003.
- Fedorov M.P., Negulyaeva E.Yu. Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost’ pri obrashchenii s otkhodami [Environmental Safety of Waste Management]. IV Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya «Akvaterra». [Aquaterra, 4th International Conference]. Sb. materialov konf. [Collected conference works]. November 13—16, 2001, p. 176.
- Gonopol’skiy A.M., Rukina I.M., Fedorov O.L. Regional’naya ekonomicheskaya strategiya obrashcheniya s otkhodami [Regional Economic Strategy for Waste Management]. Moscow, MGUIE Publ., 2005, 164 p.
- Glukhov V.V. Regional’naya ekologicheskaya situatsiya (Sostoyanie i metodika otsenki) [Regional Economic Situation (Status and Assessment Methodology)]. St.Petersburg, Institut problem regional’noy ekonomiki RAN [Institute of Problems of Regional Economies of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2000, 51 p.
- Pupyrev E.I., Kremer A.A. Sistemnyy podkhod k resheniyu problemy obrashcheniya s tverdymi bytovymi otkhodami [Systemic Concept of Solid Waste Management]. Chistyy gorod [Clean City]. 2011, no. 4(56), pp. 13—18.
- MDS 13-8.2000. Kontseptsiya obrashcheniya s tverdymi bytovymi otkhodami v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [MDS 13-8.2000. Concept for Solid Household Waste Management in the Russian Federation]. Moscow, 2000.
- Mirnyy A.N., Murashov V.E., Koretskiy V.E. Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie otkhodami v ramkakh kontseptsii ustoychivogo razvitiya [Waste Management by the Government Authorities within the Framework of Sustainable Development Concept]. Moscow, AKKh im. K.D. Pamfilova Publ., 2012, 351 p.
- Pupyrev E.I., Perel’shteyn G.B., Iskhakova S.M., Maksimova A.A. Neobkhodimost’ razvitiya osnovnykh tekhnologiy po pererabotke promyshlennykh i bytovykh otkhodov i puti ikh realizatsii [The Need to Develop Principal Industrial and Household Waste Processing Technologies and Methods of Their Implementation]. Proekty razvitiya infrastruktury goroda. Vyp. 5. Modelirovanie i analiz ob”ektov gorodskikh inzhenernykh system. Sb. nauch. tr. [Urban Infrastructure Development Projects. No. 5. Modeling and Analysis of Items of Urban Engineering Infrastructure. Collection of Scientific Works]. Moscow, Prima-press Ekspo Publ., 2005, pp. 148—152.
- Yakovlev V.A., Semin E.G. Kontseptual’nye osnovy vybora tekhnologii pererabotki tverdykh bytovykh otkhodov [Conceptual Fundamentals for Selection of the Solid Household Waste Treatment Technology]. Gorodskoe khozyaystvo i ekologiya [Urban Economy and Ecology]. 1999, no. 1, pp. 50—56.
- Pupyrev E.I., Perel’shteyn G.B. Gorodskie inzhenernye zavody [Urban Engineering Facilities]. Proekty razvitiya infrastruktury goroda. Vyp. 7. Tekhnologii razvitiya gorodskogo vodokhozyaystvennogo kompleksa. Sb. nauch. tr. [Urban Infrastructure Development Projects. No. 7. Technologies for Development of Urban Water Treatment Facilities. Collection of Scientific Works.]. Moscow, Prima-press Ekspo Publ., 2007, pp. 195—202.
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Rymarov Andrey Georgievich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
+7 (499) 188-36-07, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Savichev Vitaliy Valer`evich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
assistant lecturer, Department of Heating and Venti- lation; +7 (499) 188-36-07, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The article represents a description of a regenerative ventilation system operating in an office building having a winter garden. The winter garden has an air recycling system; moreover, plants can absorb carbon dioxide and generate oxygen. The air saturated with carbon dioxide is removed from the premises of the office building into the winter garden; there, it contacts plant leaves; thus, the air is purified and saturated with oxygen. Thereafter, the air is taken from the premises of the winter garden and delivered to the premises of the office building. This way the air is recycled several times a day. The temperature and relative humidity of the air leaving the winter garden are usually above the desired values for a person on the premises of the office building; therefore, they need to be cooled and drained. The temperature and relative humidity of the air delivered from the office building to the winter garden are usually below the values needed for winter garden plants, and they need heating and humidification. The operation of the regenerative system of ventilation does not require any inflow of the outside air to generate the required gas composition of the air environment on the premises.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.3.174-177
References
- Rymarov A.G., Savichev V.V. Teplovoi rezhim administrativnogo zdaniya s «zimnim sadom» pri rabote regenerativnoi sistemy ventilyatsii [Thermal Conditions of an Office Building Having a Winter Garden in the Event of Operation of a Regenerative System of Ventilation]. Estestvennye i tehnicheskie nauki [Natural and Technical Sciences]. 2013, no. 1, pp. 383—385.
- Rymarov A.G. Prognozirovanie parametrov vozdushnogo, teplovogo, gazovogo I vlazhnostnogo rezhimov pomeshcheniy zdaniya [Prognostication of Parameters of Air, Heat, Gas and Humidity Modes of Premises]. Akademia publ., 2009, no. 5, ðð. 362—364.
- Gagarin V.G., Teplofizicheskie problemy sovremennykh stenovykh ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy mnogoetazhnykh zdanii [Thermalphysic Problems of Modern Wall Enclosing Structures of Buildings]. Akademia publ., 2009, no. 5, pp. 297—305.
- Bodrov V.I. Mikroklimat proizvodstvennykh sel’skokhozyaistvennykh zdaniy i sooruzheniy [The Microclimate inside Buildings and Structures Designated for Agricultural Production Purposes]. Nizhny Novgorod, UNIVERSITY Publ., 2008, 623 p.
- Sakr W., Weschler C.J., Fanger P.O. The Impact of Sorption on Perceived Indoor Air Quality. Indoor Air. 2006, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 98—110.
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Samarin Oleg Dmitrievich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assistant Professor, Department of the Heating and Ventilation, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federa- tion;
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Goryunov Igor’ Ivanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Manager, Automation of Construction Technologies Branch, Department of Information Systems, Technologies and Automation in Construction, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 183-97-80;
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Tishchenkova Irina Ivanovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Information Systems, Technologies and Automation in Construction, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The authors argue that efficient energy saving methods installable into civil buildings include energy saving technologies, cost-efficient and fast-payback technologies, improvement of process flowsheets and patterns of microclimate systems, and automation of engineering systems and installations.Processes of unsteady heat exchange inside premises having automated climatic systems are considered in this article. Advanced methods of analysis of thermal modes of premises are provided. Interrelation between separate parameters of thermal stability in a room and automated microclimate control is another subject of research. The formula designated for the calculation of the coefficient of transfer of regulators is derived by the authors.The ultimate result is identified using the methodology of assessment of influenceof dynamic properties of a room produced on the value of K. The proposed methodol-ogy may be used to develop engineering recommendations concerning selection of the optimal operating mode of regulators designated for engineering installations.The conclusion is substantiated by numerical calculations made using specialized software and graphic examples.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.3.178-186
References
- Kalmakov A.A., Kuvshinov Yu.Ya., Romanova S.S., Shchelkunov S.A., Bogoslovskiy V.N., editor. Avtomatika i avtomatizatsiya sistem teplogazosnabzheniya i ventilyatsii [Automatic Control Engineering and Automation of Systems of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1986, 479 p.
- Samarin O.D. Teplofizika. Energosberezhenie. Energoeffektivnost’ [Thermal Physics. Energy Saving. Energy Efficiency]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2011, 296 p.
- Isaev S.I., Kozhinov I.A., Kofanov V.I., A.I. Leont’ev, editor. Teoriya teplomassoobmena [Theory of Heat and Mass Exchange]. Moscow, MGTU im. N.E. Baumana publ., 1997, 683 p.
- Samarin O.D., Azivskaya S.S. Printsipy rascheta nestatsionarnogo teplovogo rezhima pomeshcheniya, obsluzhivaemogo avtomatizirovannymi sistemami obespecheniya mikroklimata [Principles of Analysis of Unsteady Thermal Mode of Premises Having Automated Microclimate Systems]. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel’stvo [News of Institutions of Higher Education. Construction.] 2011, no. 1, pp. 59—62.
- Samarin O.D., Fedorchenko Yu.D. Vliyanie regulirovaniya sistem obespecheniya mikroklimata na kachestvo podderzhaniya vnutrennikh meteoparametrov [Influence of Adjustment of Microclimate Systems onto the Quality of Maintenance of Meteorological Parameters inside Premises]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 7, pp. 124—128.
- Bogoslovskiy V.N. Stroitel’naya teplofizika (teplofizicheskie osnovy otopleniya, ventilyatsii i konditsionirovaniya vozdukha) [Thermal Physics (Thermalphysic Fundamentals of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning]. St.Petersburg, Avok Severo-zapad publ., 2006, 400 p.
- Khashan S.A., Al-Amiri A.M., Pop I. Numerical Simulation of Natural Convection Heat Transfer in A Porous Cavity Heated from below Using a Non-Darcian and Thermal Non-equilibrium Model. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 2006, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1039—1049.
- Dounis A.I., Caraiscos C. Advanced Control Systems Engineering for Energy and Comfort Management in a Building Environment. A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2009, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1246—1261.
- Jiangjiang Wang, Zhiqiang (John) Zhai, Youyin Jing, Chunfa Zhang. Influence Analysis of Building Types and Climate Zones on Energetic, Economic and Environmental Performances of BCHP Systems. Applied Energy. 2011, vol. 88, no. 9, pp. 3097—3112.
- Michele De Carli, Massimiliano Scarpa, Roberta Tomasi, Angelo Zarrella. DIGITHON: A Numerical Model for the Thermal Balance of Rooms Equipped with Radiant Systems. Building and Environment. 2012, no. 57, pp. 126—144.