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Orlov Aleksandr Konstantinovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
Candidate of Economics, Associated Professor, Department of National Economy and Business Evaluation, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Buadze Elizaveta Revazovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
postgraduate student, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Construction Organization and Real Estate Management, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The article covers the operation of special economic zones ("SEZ") in the countries that feature different levels of economic development (including Ghana, China, Bulgaria, the USA and Russia), principal provisions and special entrepreneurial environment, as well as the variety of SEZ depending on the objectives of their setup.
Problems of management of items of real estate within territories of SEZ are identified. The authors also analyze peculiarities of establishment and operation of SEZ in the Russian Federation and propose an economic mechanism to boost their competitiveness.
The authors conclude that there is a pressing need for a qualitative reconsideration of approaches to the management of SEZ and their constituent elements that have to ensure a scalable and highly efficient application of SEZ as an instrument of innovative development in various fields and a solution to basic economic and social problems.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.7.163-170
References
- Batyrov M. V. Pravovye mekhanizmy regulirovaniya otnosheniy v sfere funktsionirovaniya osobykh ekonomicheskikh zon Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Legal Mechanisms Governing Relations within the Framework of Operation of Special Economic Zones of the Russian Federation]. Mezhdunarodnoe publichnoe i chastnoe pravo [International Public and Private Law]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 7—9.
- Zakharinskiy Yu.N. Kontseptual’nye osnovy formirovaniya OEZ vysokikh tekhnologiy prirodopol’zovaniya [Conceptual Fundamentals of Formation of Special Economic Zones in the Sector of High Technologies of Environmental Management]. 2004.
- Alekseeva S.S. Regional’nye prioritety finansovo-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya osobykh ekonomicheskikh zon [Regional Priorities of Financial and Economic Development of Special Economic Zones]. 2008.
- Svobodnye ekonomicheskie zony v Gane [Free Economic Zones in Ghana]. Available at: http://catalog.fmb.ru/chana8.shtml. Date of access: 15.09.2011.
- Bolgarskie SEZ — most v ES dlya Rossii i Ukrainy [Bulgarian Special Economic Zones — a Bridge to the EU for Russia and Ukraine]. Available at: http://morprom.ru/news/176/ Date of access: 20.09.2011.
- Silikonovaya dolina [Silicon Valley]. Available at: http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_geo/4478/Silikonovaya. Date of access: 15.09.2011.
- Silikonovaya dolina — gordost’ SShA [Silicon Valley — Pride of the USA]. Available at: http://www.sa-si.tv/page-id-40.html. Date of access: 20.09.2011.
- Pavlov P.V. Institut osobykh ekonomicheskiy zon v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Institute of Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation]. Infra-M Publ., 2010.
- Zimenkov R.I. Svobodnye ekonomicheskie zony: uchebnoe posobie [Free Economic Zones: Manual]. YuNITI-DANA Publ., 2005.
- Ob aktual’nykh voprosakh razvitiya i optimizatsii funktsionirovaniya osobykh ekonomicheskikh zon [About Relevant Issues of Development and Optimized Operation of Special Economic Zones]. Rossiyskiy soyuz promyshlennikov i predprinimateley [Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs]. Moscow, 2007.
- Federal’nyy zakon ot 22 iyulya 2005 g. ¹116-FZ «Ob osobykh ekonomicheskikh zonakh v Rossiyskoy Federatsii» [Federal Law of July 22, 2005 ¹116-FZ “About Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation”].
- Orlov A.K., Buadze E.R. Osobye ekonomicheskie zony — tochki innovatsionnogo rosta [Special Economic Zones as Items of Innovative Growth]. Nedvizhimost’: ekonomika i upravlenie [Real Estate: Economics and Management]. 2012, no. 1, pp. 18—21.
- Petrunin V.V. Osobennosti sozdaniya i nalogooblozheniya svobodnykh ekonomicheskikh zon v Rossii [Peculiarities of Establishment and Taxation of Free Economic Zones in Russia]. Finansovye i bukhgalterskie konsul’tatsii [Financial and Accounting Consultations], no. 7, 2007.
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Ledyaeva Ol'ga Mikhaylovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associated Professor,
+7 (499) 742-38-13, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
Several approaches that underlie urban politics are discussed in the paper. They include neo-liberalism, political economy discourse, elitist/pluralist debates, and postmodernism. The neoliberal approach focuses on the limited role of the state and individual responsibility. The legal framework protects both the rights and responsibilities of individuals and regulates the operation of the market. It is the market that fosters individual choices and provides goods and services by virtue of the processes which are flexible, efficient and transparent.
The political economy approaches (regulation theory, public choice theory, neo-Marxism) explain urban politics via the analysis of national and international economic processes and changes in contemporary capitalism. Changes in national and international economies determine what solutions are possible. The discourse has been influenced by the debate on globalization of capital and labour markets.
Modern elitism and neopluralism are represented by theories of "growth machines" and "urban regimes". The former focuses on bargaining alliances between political and business leaders in order to manage the urban system and to promote its growth. The latter develops neopluralist explanations of power within local communities with an emphasis on the fragmented nature of the government where local authorities lack comprehensive governing powers.
Postmodernism views the city as the site of the crisis of late capitalism which leads to segregation of neighbourhoods onto prosperous areas and ghettoes. In contrast to the modern city, the postmodern city is not defined by its industrial base; rather, it is determined by its consumerist environment of malls and museums, characterized by revivalist architecture. At the same time, the suburban shopping mall and a motorway network make nonsense of the idea of the city as a unique and well-defined space.
These and other approaches encompass a wide spectrum of possibilities in the study of urban and regional politics in relation to the Russian context. In the recent two decades, several studies of the power of urban and regional communities (A. Chirikova, N. Lapina, V. Gel'man, D. Seltser, D. Tev) show that it can contribute for a better understanding of the Russian local politics and government.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.7.171-176
References
- Davies J.S., Imbroscio D.L. Introduction: Urban Politics in the Twenty-first Century. Theories of Urban Politics. London, Sage, 2009, pp. 1—14.
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- Harding A. The History of Community Power. Theories of Urban Politics. Second edition. Ed. by Jonathan S. Davies and David L. Imbroscio. London, Sage, 2009, pp. 27—39.
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- Mossberger K. Urban Regime Analysis. Theories of Urban Politics. Second edition. Ed. by Jonathan S. Davies and David L. Imbroscio. London, Sage, 2009, pp. 40—54.
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Uvarova Svetlana Sergeevna -
Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Voronezh GASU)
Doctor of Economical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Economy and Bases of Entrepreneurship, Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Voronezh GASU), 84 20-letiya Oktyabrya str., Voronezh, 394006, Russian Federation;
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The methodology of research of organizational and economic drivers of development of the civil engineering industry represents a cluster of interrelated methods, techniques, procedures, algorithms and models that shape up the basis for the development and implementation of effective management actions impacted by intrinsic fluctuations of the civil engineering industry, the local legislation, national and global economies. The proposed method contributes to the improvement of sustainability of construction companies and the construction industry. It also facilitates an inflow of capital into the investment sector of the construction industry and accelerates the economic growth of Russia.
The proposed methodology is based on a synthesis of several scientific theories, such as the evolutionary theory, the theory of self-organization (the synergetic theory, the theory of changes and the catastrophe theory), the theory of cyclical development, the systems theory, the organizational theory, the institutional theory, and the pricing theory.
There are many potential patterns of the system development; however, the awareness of the resonant excitation, feedback and the cumulative effect make it possible to predict the most probable changes. Random fluctuations are also exposed to these effects.
Implementation of the proposed methodology makes it possible to generate science-based management solutions that ensure the development and implementation of effective management procedures.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.7.177-182
References
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- Viktorov M.Yu., Larionov A.N. Samoregulirovanie v stroitel’noy sfere [Self-regulation in the Construction Industry]. Moscow, St. Petersburg, IMKA-Media Publ., 2010, 464 p.
- Vaslavskaya I.Yu. Institutsional’nye osnovy gosudarstvennoy sobstvennosti v sisteme natsional’noy ekonomiki v postkrizisnyy period [Institutional Fundamentals of the State-owned Property within the National Economy of the Post-crisis Period]. Moscow, 2010, 36 p.
- Zimovskaya O.A. Mekhanizmy uregulirovaniya konfliktov i razresheniya sporov v usloviyakh samoregulirovaniya stroitel’noy deyatel’nosti [Mechanisms of Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution within the Framework of Self-regulated Construction Operations]. Moscow - Arkhangelsk, Granitsa Publ., 2008, 38 p.
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- Ustoychivoe razvitie: mneniya uchenykh [Sustainable Development: Opinions of Scholars]. Moscow, Moskovskiy gosuniversitet kommertsii [Moscow State University of Commerce], 352 p.
- Sukharev O.S. Strukturnye problemy ekonomiki Rossii: teoreticheskoe obosnovanie i prakticheskie resheniya [Structural Problems of the Russian Economy: Theoretical Basis and Practical Solutions]. Moscow, Finansy i Statistika Publ., 2010,192 p.
- Shcherbenko E.V. Mekhanizmy ustoychivogo razvitiya ekonomiki otrasli [Mechanisms for Sustainable Economic Development of the Industry]. Problemy sovremennoy ekonomiki [Problems of the Modern Economy]. 2008, no. 3(27), pp. 151—155.