-
Bantserova Ol'ga Leonidovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Architectural Sciences, Associated Professor, Professor, Department of Design of Buildings, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
-
Li Ruixin -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Design of Buildings, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
A significant portion of the overall heat loss is due to the heat loss through the building envelope. According to the opinions of experts, the surface area of exterior walls has the insulation of about 65 % of the total envelope of apartment buildings; therefore, thermal protection of external walls of buildings is a key issue in ensuring the thermal performance of envelopes of apartment buildings.
The author has developed design solutions that assure the thermal protection of exterior walls and that are aimed at identifying the optimal solution in terms of the location of insulation materials, their thermal performance and insulation of exterior walls of apartment buildings in central regions of China.
The author presents a comparative analysis of the main methodologies of thermal insulation designated for the exterior walls of multi-storey residential buildings: internal and external insulation, as well as the insulation in-between the wall layers. The analyses of wall designs are based on the insulation performance, thermal insulation performance, methods of mounting different systems of insulation, and cost of work.
As a result, practical recommendations originate from the statement that the most optimal designs of exterior walls of monolithic high-rise apartment buildings of central regions of China are those that have insulation on the outside of the building. They include layers of insulation made of extruded polystyrene, which is currently planned for use in the construction of high-rise monolithic residential buildings in central China.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.7-15
References
- Zhang Wenxiao. Measure to Increase the Energy Effi ciency of Building. Information of China Construction. 2007, no. 11, pp. 135—138.
- Liu Peng. Manual of Energy Effi ciency in Buildings of China. Beijing, Building Technology Publ., 2007, 258 p.
- Zhang Hongmei, Tang Yuan. Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Types of Thermal Insulation of External Walls. Academic Research in China. 2012, no. 6, pp. 18—20.
- Guo Dawei. Research Insulation on the Outside Walls of the Building Heat Engineering. Science and Technology Innovation Herald. 2012, no. 16, pp. 130—133.
- Chu Juntian, Shen Lianxi. Research Flammability of Insulation Materials in Thermal Performance of External Walls. Construction Safety. 2012, no. 1, pp. 89—91.
- Rules to installation and acceptance of gas concrete YTONG. «DBJ/CT003-2004» (China).
- Energy saving building envelopes in residential buildings «DG/TJ08-206-2002» (China).
- The specifi cation of technical insulation with the YTONG systems «DBJ/CT018-2008» (China).
- The specifi cation of technical application with the EVG-3D board «DBJ/CD01-2004» (China).
- The use of EPS in construction of exterior walls with external insulation. Waterproofing and insulation in China. Available at: http://www.31fsbw.com/detail-5679170.html. Date of access: 06.08.2012.
- Yang Yiming. Research of Thermal Performance of Building Technologies of Exterior Walls with External Insulation. Building Technology, 2001, no. 8, pp. 121—130.
-
Giyasov Botir Iminzhonovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, chair, Department of Architectural and Construction Design, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 287-49-14;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
-
Antonov Aleksandr Ivanovich -
Tambov State Technical University (TSTU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of Architecture and Construction of Buildings; +7 (4752) 63-03-82, +7 (4752)63-04-39, Tambov State Technical University (TSTU), Building E, 112 Michurinskaya St., Tambov, 392032, Russian Federation;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
-
Matveeva Irina Vladimirovna -
Tambov State Technical University (TGTU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Urban and Road Construction, Tambov State Technical University (TGTU), 112 E Michurinskaya street, Tambov, 392032, Russian Federation; +7 (4752) 63-09-20, 63-03-72;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
<br />
The totality of all environmental influences, including domestic and industrial noise, must be taken into account in the design of building structures. Building envelopes that have appropriate acoustic protection properties are to be used in the practice of the acoustic protection (soundproofing, etc.). According to the principles of structural design, design of soundproof buildings can be broken down into the two groups: design with account for the security conditions (eg., windows, doors, walls, floors), and design of noise-proof structures (eg., partitions, suspended ceilings).<br />
<br />
Multi-optional design of building structures or buildings that meet the terms of acoustic protection requires a modern approach to the process of their development. Any progress in this area is associated with computer-aided design supported by multiple analysis options. Automation allows adjustments in order to comply with the variety of the input data or objective functions to provide for optimal cycling options. In this regard, the authors describe the algorithms and principles of design of building envelopes on the condition of and subject to the acoustic protection. The proposed solution represents a software package capable of performing a multivariate analysis of options of acoustic protection at each stage of building design. Practical application of the software package used to solve practical problems in the design of building envelopes has demonstrated its higher efficiency that the one of traditional design methods.<br />
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.16-21
References
- Gorin V.A., Klimenko V.V., Shnurnikova E.P. Izolyatsiya udarnogo shuma mezhdu etazhnymi perekrytiyami s parketnymi polami [Insulation of Impact Noise between Floors of Buildings, if the Floors Are Covered with Parquet]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academy. Architecture and Construction]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 200—203.
- Kochkin A.A. Zvukoizolyatsiya sloistykh vibrodempfi rovannykh elementov svetoprozrachnykh ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy [Sound-proofi ng of Laminated Vibration-suppression Elements of Translucent Envelope Structures]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 40—41.
- Kochkin A.A. Legkie zvukoizoliruyushchie ograzhdayushchie konstruktsii iz elementov s vibrodempfiruyushchimi sloyami [Lightweight Sound-insulating Building Envelopes Made of Elements That Contain Vibration-suppression Layers]. Izvestiya Yugo-zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Proceedings of the Southwestern State University], no. 5, part 2, pp. 152—156.
- Boganik A.G. Effektivnye konstruktsii dlya dopolnitel’noy zvukoizolyatsii pomeshcheniy [Efficient Structures for Additional Sound Insulation of Premises]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2004, no. 10, pp. 18—19.
- Kochkin A.A., Shashkova L.E. O povyshenii zvukoizolyatsii ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy [Improvement of Envelope Insulation]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academy. Architecture and Construction]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 198—199.
- Kochkin A.A. O proektirovanii zvukoizolyatsii legkikh ograzhdeniy s promezhutochnym dempfiruyushchim sloem [Design of Sound Insulation of Lightweight Envelopes with an Intermediate Damping Layer]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academy. Architecture and Construction]. 2010, no. 3, pp. 191—193.
- Startseva O.V., Ovsyannikov S.N. Issledovanie zvukoizolyatsii odnosloynykh i dvukhsloynykh peregorodok [Research of Single and Double-layer Partitions]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Construction of Residential Housing]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 43—46.
- Grebnev P.A., Monich D.V. Issledovanie zvukoizoliruyushchikh svoystv mnogosloynykh ograzhdeniy s zhestkim zapolnitelem [Study of Insulating Properties of Multilayer Envelopes with a Hard Filler]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Construction of Residential Housing]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 50—51.
- Ledenev V.I. Statisticheskie energeticheskie metody rascheta shumovykh poley pri proektirovanii proizvodstvennykh zdaniy [Statistical Methods of Calculation of Noise Fields in the Design of Industrial Buildings]. Tambov, Tambov State Technical University Publ., 2000, 156 p.
- Ledenev V.I., Voronkov A.Yu., Zhdanov A.E. Metod otsenki shumovogo rezhima kvartir [Method of Assessment of Noise Patterns of Flats]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Construction of Residential Housing]. 2004, no. 11, pp. 15—17.
-
Krivykh Elena Georgievna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Chair, Department of Philosophy; +7 (499) 183-24-10, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
The article covers the problem of development of the communication space of present-day metropolises. The significance of the issue is based on the fact that modern globalization has established new specific forms of urban lands, such as agglomeration and megalopolis. They accumulate extensive human resources and modify traditional forms of sociality. The author uses the philosophical methodology and communicative tools based on the latest publications on the problems of urban planning and architecture.
The author states that new technologies shaping the information society change the very structure of communication. The structure of an act of communication composed of information, communication, and understanding, is implemented on different levels of the urban semantic structure. If the information level is available to almost everybody, the culture of communication (understanding) appears as an elite skill that is complicated to master. Therefore, it's a great problem, as understanding is the basis of sociality.
A well-known Russian researcher V. Glazychev proposed an efficient methodological approach to the research into the transformation of the city in the history of the human civilization. He believes that the periodic breakdown of urban functions and the forms of cities was a very important
nodal point in the process of urban growth. A classical form of a traditional city remains as one of the most important aesthetic values, although now it's a vanishing trend. Centrifugal tendencies are strengthened in the process of urbanization. A metropolis, reflecting the diversity of its functions, becomes a dynamic "space of stream" (M. Castels) with a polycentric structure, imbued with functional links. A city becomes a machine that is constantly reproducing new massages. This continuity is perceived as a form that can only characterize the modern city as a whole. Informative saturation of the social environment leads to confusion of the genuine and non-genuine.
The conception of Cristian De Portzamparc, a French architect, is considered as an example of an active research into the formation of the communicative space of a metropolis. A metropolis is presented as a complex self-developing system full of various social networks where physical space is no longer an alienating barrier.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.22-26
References
- Kuznetsov M.M. Novaya struktura kommunikativnogo opyta: vlast’ posrednika. Informatsionnaya epokha: vyzovy cheloveku. [New Structure of the Communicative Experience: the Power of an Intermediary. In a book: an Information Age: Challenges to the Man]. Moscow, Rossiyskaya politicheskaya entsiklopediya [Russian Political Encyclopedia] (ROSSPEN), 2010, 335 p.
- Sitar S. Ital’yanskaya arkhitekturnaya teoriya vtoroy poloviny XX veka: ot ideologii k polilogu [The Italian Theory of Architecture of the Second Half of the XXth Century: from Ideology to Poly-logy]. PROEKTiNTERNATIONAL [Project International] Journal. 2011, no. 29, pp. 160—163.
- Nalivayko I.M. Kommunikativnye strategii povsednevnosti [Communicative Strategies of the Day-to-day Life]. Kommunikatsiya v sotsial’no-gumanitarnom znanii, ekonomike i obrazovanii [Communication in Social Humanitarian Knowledge, Economics, Education]. Materials of the IIId International Scientific Practical Conference, 29—31 March 2012. Minsk, BGU Publ., 2012. Available at: http: //www.elib.bsu.by. Date of access: 18.10.2012.
- Glazychev V.L. Ot traditsionnoy formy goroda — k megapolisu [From the Traditional Form of the City to the Megalopolis]. In a book: Goroda mira — mir goroda [Cities of the World – the World of the City]. Moscow, Severnyy Palomnik Publ., 2009, 303 p.
- Malinina T. Rost i strukturnye izmeneniya sovremennykh gorodov: strategii arkhitekturnoy rekonstruktsii [Growth and Structural Changes of Modern Cities: Strategies for Architectural Restructuring]. In a book: Goroda mira — mir goroda [Cities of the World – the World of the City]. Moscow, Severnyy Palomnik Publ., 2009, 303 p.
- Akhramovich M.I. Kommunikatsii i kiberprostranstvo [Communications and Cyberspace]. Kommunikatsiya v sotsial’no-gumanitarnom znanii, ekonomike i obrazovanii [Communication in Social Humanitarian Knowledge, Economics, Education]. Materials of the IIId International Scientific Practical Conference, 29—31 March 2012. Minsk, BGU Publ., 2012. Available at: http: //www.elib.bsu.by. Date of access: 18.10.2012.
- Manfredo Tafuri. Proekt i utopiya. Arkhitektura i razvitie kapitalizma. [Architecture and Development of Capitalism]. PROEKTiNTERNATIONAL [Project International] Journal. 2011, no. 29, pp. 164—173.
- Muratov A. Bol’shoe Pari: kak postroit’ metropoliyu XXI veka? [Major Bet: How to Build a Metropolis of the XXIst Century?] PROEKTiNTERNATIONAL [Project International] Journal. 2011, no. 26/27, pp. 64—65.
- Cristian De Portzamparc. Ot kiberprostranstva k fi zicheskomu prostranstvu: vyzov dlya metropolii [From Cyber Space to Physical Space: Challenge to Metropolis]. PROEKTiNTERNATIONAL [Project International] Journal. 2011, no. 28, 2011, pp. 34—64.
- Tolstoy V.P. Goroda v istorii mirovykh tsivilizatsiy [Cities in the History of the World Civilizations]. In a book: Goroda mira — mir goroda [Cities of the World – the World of the City]. Moscow, Severnyy Palomnik Publ., 2009, 303 p.
-
Malakhova Anna Nikolaevna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Department of Architectural and Structural Design; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 30-35; +7 (495) 583-07-65, ext. 17-65, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
-
Mukhin Mikhail Aleksandrovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
assistant lecturer, Department of Reinforced Concrete Structures;
+7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 30-35, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
Simplicity of formation of the monolithic reinforced concrete and benefits of its use in the restrained conditions of the terrain make its application lucrative. Retaining walls and stairs are the most widely spread monolithic concrete elements used in the landscaping of private allotment gardens on the terrain.
In the article, the authors propose their design solutions for reinforced concrete elements integrated into the landscaping of allotment gardens on the terrain: a sheet-pile retaining wall with stairs and a monolithic reinforced concrete arch bridge.
The authors provide their sample analysis of a monolithic sheet-pile retaining wall with a stairs. Its steps and stair-head were analyzed as flexural elements tightly coupled with the retaining wall, with a platform on three sides and steps on two sides. There are formwork drawings and reinforcement drawings of a monolithic sheet-pile retaining wall with a stairs in the article.
Analysis of a monolithic reinforced concrete arch bridge was performed using LIRA software. To reduce the temperature and shrinkage stresses in an arch bridge, as well as stresses that arise in it in case of installation of supports, a two-hinged arch was chosen as the design bridge model.
There are dimensions of the formwork, pattern of the steel frame of the reinforced concrete arch bridge and the design solution of a swivel support unit in the article.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.27-31
References
- Teodoronskiy V.S., Sabo E.D., Frolova V.A. Stroitel’stvo i ekspluatatsiya ob”ektov landshaftnoy arkhitektury [Construction and Operation of Landscape Facilities]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2006, pp. 85—100.
- Dobromyslov A.N. Primery rascheta konstruktsiy zhelezobetonnykh inzhenernykh sooruzheniy: spravochnoe posobie [Sample Analyses of Reinforced Concrete Engineering Structures: a Reference Book]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010, pp. 20—22.
- SNiP 52-01—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii. Osnovnye polozheniya. [Construction Norms and Rules 52-01—2003. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures. Basic Provisions.] Moscow, 2004, 24 p.
- SP 52-101—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii bez predvaritel’nogo napryazheniya armatury [Set of Rules 52-101-2003. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures Free from Pre-stressing of the Reinforcement]. Moscow, 2005, 54 p.
- Posobie po proektirovaniyu betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy iz tyazhelogo betona bez predvaritel’nogo natyazheniya armatury (k SP 52-101—2003) [Manual for the Design of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures Made of Heavy Concrete and Pre-stressing-free Reinforcement (applicable to Set of Rules 52-101-2003)]. Moscow, TsNIIPromzdaniy Publ., NIIZhB Publ., 2005, 214 p.
- Umanskiy A.A. Spravochnik proektirovshchika promyshlennykh, zhilykh i obshchestvennykh zdaniy. Raschetno-teoreticheskiy. [Guidebook for Designers of Industrial, Residential and Public Buildings. Theory of Structural Analysis]. Two books, book one. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1972, pp. 266—275.
- Gorodetskiy A.S., Evzerov I.D. Komp’yuternye modeli konstruktsiy [Computer Models of Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009, 360 p.
-
Semenova Yuliya Sergeevna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU),
Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov (MGU im. M.V. Lomonosova)
Assistant Lecturer, Department of Philosophy,
postgraduate student, Department of Philosophy;
+7 (499) 183-24-10, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU),
Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov (MGU im. M.V. Lomonosova), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation
1 Leninskiye Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation;
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
.
The author considers the process of development of the architect's personality depicted in Vitruvy's and as a based on the work of L.B. Alberti where his role is the one of the founder of the imaginary world generated in the XVIIth century.
The image of an architect is not static, it is transformable. Each time changes in the architectural mode of thinking, as well as in science, technology and arts, are reflected in his "faces".
The paper represents a comparative analysis of antique, medieval, renaissance architectural consciousness of the XVIIth century. The idea of a universally educated personality (uomo universale), generated by Vitruvy, loses its importance in the Middle Ages.
According to Alberti, the true goal of an architect was reduced to consideration of a plan and to its implementation in detailed drawings. That was already enough to speak about the project as a work of architectural art. In that case implementation of a project in reality became the business of workers rather than architects.
Ideas of Alberti will find their reflection in the almost unknown novel and treatise that dates back to the end of the XVth century. It is entitled "Hypnerotomachia Poliphili'. Its authorship is attributed to Francesco Colonna, a Venetian monk. The model of «the paper architecture» which deals with ideas, rather than their material implementation will be more explicit here. (In spite of the fact, that the concept of the «paper architecture» is related to the name of G. B. Piranesi, architect of the XVIIIth century, the sources of this phenomenon are found in the Age of the Renaissance). Colonna actually cited Alberti, telling him to deal with the plan in his soul, "to always keep its completeness and wholeness", and not to fall to the level of simple builders and make building decorations. However the author of "Hypnerotomachia Poliphili", in his turn, overcomes the architectural tradition of Early Renaissance (brought up by Virtuvy and Alberti), and becomes the author of the next centuries. He develops his allegorical imaginary world filled with ideal samples and the fantasy of an architect, and not with projects or theories. Architectural descriptions of "Hypnerotomachia Poliphili" represent an utopia, developed by such authors of the XVII century as T. Campanella and G. Marino.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.32-39
References
- Vitruvy. De architectura libri decem. 2 books, 1191 p.
- Vitruvy. De architectura libri decem. Vol. 1. Ìoscow, Vses. akademii arkhitektury publ., 1936, 331 p.
- Alberti L.B. De re aedifi catoria, Firenze, 1485.
- Revzina Yu.E. Instrumentariy proekta. Ot Al’berti do Skamotstsi [Tools of a Project. From Alberti to Scamozzi]. Moscow, 2003, 176 p.
- Lazarev V.N. Nachalo Rannego Vozrozhdeniya v ital’yanskom iskusstve [Early Renaissance in the Italian Art]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1979. 510 p. Available at: http://bibliotekar.ru/Italia-Vozrozhdenie/index.htm. Date of access: 15.09.2012.
- Alberti L.B. De re aedifi catoria [Ten Books about Architecture]. Ìoscow, 1935, vol. I, 427 p.
- Panofski E. Ideya. K istorii ponyatiya v teoriyakh iskusstva ot antichnosti do klassitsizma [Idea. History of the Concept in the Theories of Art from Antiquity to Classicism] St.Petersburg, 1999, 228 p.
- Francesco Colonna. Hypnerotomachia Poliphili, ubi humana omnia non nisi somnium esse docet. Venetiis, Aldus Manutius, December, 1499, 266 p.
- Temanza T. Vite dei piu celebri architetti e scultori veneziani, che fi orirono nel sec. XVI. Venezia, 1778, 252 p.
- Marchese V. Memorie dei piu insigm. pittori, sciltori e architetti domenicani. Firenze, 1854, 830 p.
- Lefaivre L. Leon Battista Alberti’s “Hypnerotomachia Poliphili”. Cambridge (Mass.)-London, 1997, 291 p.
- Colonna F. Hypnerotomachia Poliphili A cura di M. Ariani et M. Gabriele. Vol. 1-2. Milano, 1998, 481 p. Available at: http://www.liberliber.it/libri/c/colonna/index.htm. Date of access: 15.09.2012.
- Chekalov K.A. Chekalov K.A. Transformatsiya renessansnogo arkhitekturnogo myshleniya v XVII veke («Gorod Solntsa» T. Kampanelly i «Adonis» Dzh. Marino). Prostranstvo i vremya voobrazhaemoy arkhitektury. Sintez iskusstv i rozhdenie stilya. [Transformation of the Architectural Thinking of the Renaissance in the XVIIth century (“Sun City” by Ò. Campanella and “Adonis” by G. Marino). Space and Time of Imaginary Architecture. Synthesis of Arts and Birth of Style]. Tsaritsynskiy nauchnyy vestnik [Tsaritsino Scientific Bulletin]. Moscow, no. 7—8. Available at: http://www.natapa.msk.ru/vokrug-frantsuzskoy-literatury-xvii-xviii-vv/transformatsiya-renessansnogo-arhitekturnogo-myshleniya-v-xvii-vekegorod-solntsa-tkampanelly-i-adonis-dzhmarino.html. Date of access: 15.09.2012.